........Title..........................Short Description...............Complete Proposal
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	 <td><textarea name='proptitle' style='border-style: solid; border-width:1px; border-color: white white white white;width:125px;height:300px' id='proptitle' >Community health care centre </textarea></td>
	 <td><textarea name='short' style='border-style: solid; border-width:1px; border-color: white white white white;width:175px;height:300px' id='short' >build an extension to a current construction to enable health care activities, initiate a vaccination and nutritional program for children and provide birthing facilities for pregnant women. </textarea></td>
     <td><textarea name='description' style='border-style: solid; border-width:1px; border-color: black black black black;width:400px;height:300px' id='description' >Project Name
The CountryCommunity Health Care Center Project (BCHCP)

Project Scope

For many years, the people of the village of xxx and surrounding villages in the district of xxx have not had proper access to basic medical care. There is no local facility to accommodate children vaccination and childbirth, and the people cannot afford to commute to the closest hospitals to be cared for. Emergencies are generally left unattended to, births sometimes fatal, and hygiene education is lacking.

Objective

The objective of the project is to make use of a current land and build an extension to a current construction to enable health care activities, initiate a vaccination and nutritional program for children and provide birthing facilities for pregnant women. In collaboration with Labopharm, local institutions, including ICA The Countryand the local government will be responsible for supplying medication and resources (e.g. nurse, doctor).

Location of the project




The current building size is one storied: about 800 ft² with a single room. The building is made of concrete and bricks. The current building is not sufficient to provide the intended health care services. The total land area is 1700 ft². There is about 28,800 ft² land available around this building for immediate and future extension (see attached pictures above). 

The existing building quality is acceptable, but there is not sufficient space. We need to build an extension to the adjacent to the existing building as per a plan in order to operate the health care center. The existing building can be used temporarily for doctor’s visits and nurse’s visits; the new building will be used for all the equipment, minor operations, maternity room, etc.

The land is next to the main road and there is a wide road which leads to the building. Electricity lines are available and the Rustom family will take the responsibility to hook up the electrical connection. There is currently no boundary wall, but it can be built at a later date. It is not an immediate necessity. The priority will be to build the extension and provide the necessary equipment. In terms of security, it is not much concern because of the location of the land in the village; however, a full time security guard can be employed once the health care center is in operation.

Responsible Parties Locally

ICA partnership

ICA The Countrywill be responsible to execute the project. A memorandum of understanding will be signed between the local implementing agency - 

- Land Donor


Cost of the project

Estimated Total Cost: $87,638 with one-storied building option for 3 years.

Option	Year 1 ($)	Year 2 ($)	Year 3 ($)	Total ($)
Option A (single storied)	52,378	17,630	17,630	87,638
Option B(two storied)	72,416	17,630	17,630	107,676
Option C(Semi-pucca tin-shed)	46,396	17,630	17,630	81,656

Number of beneficiaries
15 Village comprises 5000 families consist of 15000 family member approximately will be served by the project.

The target beneficiaries will fall under following groups:

1.	Mother (pregnant & non pregnant)
-	Safe motherhood
-	Family Planning
-	Prevention & control of RTI/STD/AIDS
-	Maternal nutrition
-	Unsafe abortion
2.	Child Health
-	Prevention of mal nutrition
-	School health service
3.	Geriatric Health
4.	Health Education
a.	Adolescence health
b.	 Communicable & contagious diseases
5.	Limited curative care covers:
- Basic first aid
- Management of surgical & medical emergency at the community
- Advice & primary care to the most common diseases like asthma, skin diseases, eye, dental & ear disease of infectious nature.
- Advise & primary care of Vitamin A deficiencies, iodine deficiencies & intestinal worm
- ARI & simple injury.
Area current situation

Social context
The Countryis a small, densely populated developing country in South Asia. The Countryis the 7th most populous country in the world with over 161 million people living within a land area of 144,000 square kilometres (UN 2008), the majority (about 80%) of the population living in rural areas. Poverty is severe and widespread; Over 40% of the population live below the poverty line (World Bank 2008).

Numbers:
•	At the current population growth rate, the population will be over 208 million by 2025. In 2050, the population will be over 254 million. 
•	40% of the population is under the age of 15.
•	Life expectancy is 63.5 years.  
•	In the Country, 65 infants out of every 1,000 die. 88 children under five years of age die out of 1,000.  
•	51% of pregnant women receive no antenatal care from a trained provider.2
•	91% of births take place at home.2
•	Reliable sources estimate that 320 women die from pregnancy-related complications for every 100,000 live births.  
•	Out of 175 nations on the Human Development Index, The Countryranks 139 (2004).
•	HIV prevalence is less than 1% among high-risk groups. 
Health Profile of The Country(from WHO web site)
The Countryhas made significant progress in recent times in many of its social development indicators particularly in health. Infant, maternal and under-five mortality rates have all decreased over the last decades, with a marked increase in life expectancy at birth. It has achieved a credible record of sustaining 90% plus vaccine coverage. But some of this progress is uneven and there still exists inequalities between different groups and geographical regions. 
•	New and old infectious diseases, such as malaria, tuberculosis and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are important threats to health for the years ahead. Emerging diseases such as nipah viral encephalitis and avian influenza are persistent threats in the country. The Countryis very prone to outbreaks of different infectious diseases during disasters including water-borne diseases such as diarrhea and dysentery. 
•	Non-communicable diseases are a heterogeneous group that includes major causes of death, such as heart diseases, diabetes and cancer, and disability, such as mental disorders. These are also on the rise in Bangladesh. 
•	Malnutrition is a major cause of death and debility in children in Bangladesh. Micro-nutrient deficiency is quite common. About 25 per cent of maternal deaths are associated with anemia (owing to iron deficiency) and haemorrhage.
•	Still, 85 percent of child deliveries occur at home, most with no trained birth attendants present. Only one in five women seek health check ups for herself or the baby within 6 weeks of delivery. 

Health Care System in The Country(from WHO web site)
Like in most transitional societies, a wide range of therapeutic choices are available in Bangladesh. There is difficulty in retaining specialists in non-urban areas and their distribution in The Countryis indeed uneven. Tertiary care hospitals are also concentrated within the capital and few other major cities with large segments of the population having no access.

The Public Sector
In the Country, the districts are divided into 460 upazillas (sub-district) which are subdivided into unions. Each union consists of approximately 25,000 people. Primary healthcare service is offered from the union levels called Upazila Health Complex (30-50 beds). However, despite such an extensive rural health care infrastructure, only a diminutive fraction, as little as 8 percent of the rural population accesses these amenities. 
Above the sub district are the district hospitals (100-250 beds) and medical colleges (serving a group of districts with around 650 beds) providing secondary care, and national tertiary level care facilities. 

The Private Sector
In the private sector, there are homeopathic practitioners, village doctors, community health workers and finally, retail drugstores that sell allopathic medicine on demand. In addition to dispensing medicine, sellers at these mostly unlicensed and unregulated retail outlets also diagnose and treat illnesses despite having no formal professional training. All of these informal providers are deeply embedded in the local community and culture and are easily accessible, providing inexpensive services to the villagers with occasional deferred payment, and payment in kind being accepted instead of cash. 

Traditional Medicine
Grouped under “traditional medicine” are most of the medical practices that fall outside the realm of ‘scientific’ medicine (Kabiraj, totka, herbalists, practitioners of ‘Folk Medicine’ and faith healers like pir/fakirs).



ICA

ICA is an international highly recognized organization with a substantial impact in rural development of poverty stricken regions. 

ICA uses well-tested participatory methods and tools to affect positive change in areas of poverty reduction, environment, agriculture, education, health and natural resource management. ICA The Countryactively promotes and organizes workshops for training facilitators, as well as for training individuals and groups for fundraising, team building, project management, and research. The organization targets marginalized individuals and works to empower them to be active leaders and contributors to social change. ICA The Countryrecognises the importance of basic health care specifically maternal and child care in achivieving key development objectives, such as those laid out in the UN Millennium Development Goals.  

The main program areas are: 
A.	Training and Facilitation
B.	Research and Advocacy
C.	Community Empowerment
The ongoing projects include: 
1.	Integrated Village Development 
Education for the Underprivileged Children Project
•	Main aim is to provide the underprivileged children access to education, non-formal education is being provided and primary education is demanded for introduction, education materials and services are offered at free of cost, 45 children are currently enrolled. 
Dressmaking training and income generation for disadvantaged women project
•	Women income generation activities through provision of dressmaking skills training and sewing machines. Village women and children support team is organized in the village and women are motivated and provided entrepreneurship capacity for based on their needs. 
Supply of safe water and sanitation facilities and environmental conservation project
•	Safe water supply by installing new and repairing old tube-wells
Rickshaw for the unemployed Project
•	Employment generation for the unemployed through rickshaw
Community mobilization
•	Community awareness on HIV/AIDS and social mobilization (consciousness raising about health, disability, sanitation, cooperative, birth registration, organic farming, nationality, education, children rights, women rights)
Special needs support project
•	Special needs support through scholarship, aid and disaster relief (medical treatment, wedding of a girl or emergency, flood or cyclone relief aid)
Community leadership development project
•	Community leadership development through training and facilitated meetings, strategic and action planning and Self-help community groups (one for rickshaw and one for dressmaking)

2. Improving Quality of Life of Street Children in Dhaka
•	Implement one street children project in Dhaka (30 street children got support)
•	Phulki is a Bengali word used by ICA for its children life skills and education project whether the children are street, slum, orphan or underprivileged. ‘Phulki’ (meaning ‘Sparking’) combines literacy and life skills in which guardians, community, local government and local voluntary clubs/non-profits/business are partners for the project.
•	Basic education focuses on teaching how to read, write and understand. It’s including general aptitude, language both Bangla and English and quantitative aptitude.  
•	Life skills training and awareness raising program includes youth leadership development such as process of group discussion, basic facilitation, conflict management, sewing machine and dress making training, computer fundamental, health and environmental awareness such as sanitation, pure water, pollution, sustainability, HIV/AIDS, juvenile delinquency, differential association, citizenship, love, respect ethics and morality. 
•	Children are also given some opportunity to learn and practice their extracurricular activities such as drama, recitation, song, dance and other cultural events, and some Indore game and sports). 

3. Training Courses for group, community and personal development
•	ToP training course (GFM, PSP)
•	Non ToP course (social artistry leadership training)
•	Other courses- Community development and fundraising; Community responses to HIV/AIDS 

4. HIV/AIDS Project
•	Micro-action HIV/AIDS projects - trim tab, key stone species and tipping point projects in addressing HIV/AIDS in doing small or micro initiatives were in three Districts-. The projects are targeting barbers, sex workers, clients and brokers of brothels, tribal population, students, garment worker

5. “Understanding religious militancy and terrorism in Bangladesh” -Government funded research project
•	This is a small research project supported by the Government of Bangladesh’s Social Science Research Council to investigate the nature, extent and causes of religious militancy, to identify the militant and terrorist groups and to recommend practical policy measures to address the problem of religious militancy and terrorism in Bangladesh. Adopting secondary analysis including newspaper content analysis, case studies, expert interviews and consultation workshop using ToP methods, the research findings will be concluded and disseminated.

Project details

Description of the current health care situation in xxx

For many years, the people of xxx have not had proper access to Health Care, especially primary health care. Initiatives were put in place in collaboration with the government; however, government priorities change too frequently, and these projects never grow to achieve sustainability. Therefore, thousands of people are deprived of proper medical care close to their homes. Many are then forced to resort to local faith healers who are limited in the care they can provide.

The absence of a nearby health centre means the villagers have to travel over 23 km from their home to reach the closest hospital. Many do not have access to transportation and pay large sums of money to be carried to hospitals in the closest cities. The only hospital around this area also does not have the capacity to offer the emergencies and treatment for all the population around this area. This is almost impossible for emergencies or for a woman giving birth. Basic care is therefore unattainable. 

Consequently, 
- basic health care services are not assured especially for women, children and the elderly who are in a great need; 
- There is no pre-natal, post-natal care or qualified person to provide assisted delivery services 
- chronic or recurring illnesses in children (e.g. pneumonia, respiratory disease, diarrhea, etc) cannot be treated adequately;
- there is no education on hygiene
- pregnant women give birth at home at their own risk; birthing attendants cannot perform c-sections in case of complications
- emergencies are not treated and in some cases, this results in fatalities


Objectives

Provide a functional, sustainable health centre with the following services:
- basic health care services for all residents of the village
- children vaccination & nutrition programs
- routine follow-up for pre-natal and post natal care
- moral and physical support for young mothers who are vulnerable and under the pressure of their families
- routine follow-up for patients with chronic diseases
- hygiene education
- 1 room for birthing 
- 1 room for minor surgical procedures
- 1 room with beds, basic emergency treatment, at least until the patient can be brought to a nearby hospital
- 1 room for medical officer and routine follow up

Health Care Service System:
-	This initiative will consist of the population of Salia village only and will be considered as a pilot project. Upon successful operation, the services can be extended to the residence of neighboring villages if the capacity allows.
-	Every family of Salia village will be given a Health card with their family member’s names ref to their health file number.
-	Each family will be requested to pay only TK5.00/month in order to receive the services with their dignity and maintain the discipline of the organization.


Collaboration (roles and responsibilities)

A local and a central team will be built. The role of the core team will be accountable for the funding and the oversight of the project. This will allow for more transparency, and easier access to information for the team. 

The local team will be a Governing body. 

ICA has its own governing body. As the project implementing agency, it is ultimately legally accountable to the board, NGO Affairs Bureau and the funder. But as the ICA approach is community based citizen oriented, the community is the mot important stakeholder for governance.  For the project a steering committee can be formed to assist in planning, implementing and monitoring project activities. 

ICA Bangladesh: As the lead local agency, ICA The Countrywill implement the project in partnership with the other stakeholders to be identified through the community meetings and strategic planning workshops. 

Step 1: Form the Steering Committee. The SC will be responsible to implement the project activities- building construction, purchase of the necessary equipment and make the service providers readily available.

Step 2: Present the project plan to the community; ask them what they want; what are their health and education priorities, they know best what they are lacking and what they need and ICAB will facilitate the community meetings and workshops for following cycle using its participatory methods: 
1. Clarifying the approach
2. Discerning the current situation
3. Gridding the community
4. Community data gathering
5. Determining the project
6. Frameworking the project
Step 3: Once the community agrees, develop a strategic plan on a 3-year timeframe: 
7) Clarifying the vision
8) Analyzing obstacles
9) Forging strategic directions
Step 4: Develop and implement the action plan: 6months – 1 year timeframe following these processes.
10. Forming strategic partnerships
11. Timelining the action12. Eventful implementation
13. Participatory evaluation
14. Project documentation
15. Project celebration
16. Replication of the project 

ICA International: ICAI acts as an intermediary .

 
Budget

	Year 1	Year 2	Year 3
Description	Option A (single storied)	Option B(two storied)	Option C(Semi-pucca tin-shed)	 	 
Construction supplies and materials and Labor for new building for 1080 sq.ft.	1188000	2273400	864000	 	 
Renovation of the old building	100,000	100,000	100,000	 	 
Medical equipment without investigative tools (ECG, USG an x-ray machine)	534154	534154	534154	 	 
Training for in-clinic health workers, traditional birth attendants and midwives 	75000	75000	75000	75000	75000
Immunization supplies and needles for immunization campaigns in 1 village	50000	50000	50000	50000	50000
Health education and awareness materials for 1 village – easy-to read brochures and posters, theatre presentations, radio, teen-peer groups, etc.	75000	75000	75000	75000	75000
Micronutrients and food supplements for children in 1 village 	150000	150000	150000	150000	150000
Health promotion activities in 1 village including incorporation of health and hygiene education into local schools, etc. 	75000	75000	75000	75000	75000
Facilitated meetings	10000	10000	10000	50000	50000
Travels and tours of facilitators	100000	100000	100000	100000	100000
Staff salary	110000	110,000	110000	110000	110000
Remuneration/honorium	150000	150000	150000	50000	50000
Building maintenance	60000	60000	60000	60000	60000
Stationeries	50000	50000	50000	50000	50000
Miscellaneous (documentation, monitoring & evaluation, fundraising etc)	50000	50000	50000	50000	50000
Communication (Phone/fax/postage/internet)	60000	60000	60000	60000	60000
Overhead	567430	784510	502630	191000	191000
Total Investment (The CountryTaka)	3404584	4707064	3015784	1146000	1146000
$	52,378	72,416	46,396	17,630	17,630
	
Future Developments

The current infrastructure includes a building and land. The surrounding land is currently available and may be purchased to expand the project. 

The creation of a sustainable health care facility provides the possibility of growth into a centre with greater services and accommodations.

The sustainability of the health care center could be assured by a form of health insurance program in which local users of the centre pay a small amount, the sum of which provides funds for further growth of the centre. This allows creates a sense of belonging and ownership to the community, helping make this project sustainable.

Renovation/construction of the building and development of the building premise need estimation from an engineer and building plan minimum needed for meeting our project goals. Delivery of services can be initiated in priority in line with community needs depending on the amount of potential funds for three years generated from Labopharm or other sources.  

Sustainability of the project

The government is mainly responsible for basic health care to its citizens. But due to scarcity of resources, the government alone cannot ensure health care for all equitably despite health being considered as one of the top national development priorities. Side by side the Government, some NGOs are working in the health sector. The District in which our Community Centre will be has so far 1 district general hospital, 6 upazila health complexes, 41 health and family planning centres, 1 diabetic hospital, 1 maternity child welfare centre, 1 eye hospital and 1 child hospital, which are not sufficient for the whole population of the district. This is why non-governmental intervention is required in the health sector to address the basic health care in line with the national development goals of the country. Experience suggests that local people also want to share health costs. The centre can also be self-sustaining by generating revenues from its services and facilities at affordable costs. The project will explore how the government support can be incorporated in this establishment and other partners to fund and support the project in line with the national health policy of the country. In order to make the project sustainable, multi-sectoral partnership among GO-NGO-private sector and community is needed to build to continue the project following its inception. Health insurance has not been popular in Bangladesh, but this will an innovative idea. The centre can also introduce the program based on local needs and financial context. A comprehensive strategic plan will be developed and implemented with local people, community leaders, patients, local government, politicians and civil societies through facilitated workshops.

ICA The Countrywill make its efforts to transfer the facility to the community ownership after its project period by making the project sustainable. Through its strategic partnership with government and non-government sectors, a framework of support will be made at 4 sectors- public sector, private sector, voluntary sector and local/community sector at different levels – core level (planning and implementation of project purpose, objectives, components, plans, timelines, coordination), level of involvement (technical and implementation), level of support (input, influence, financial and technical support) and level of awareness. 


It is estimated that the project can generate around BDT 150,000 in one month if the center serves 15,000 people from 15 villages.  This way the project can get sustainable with having revenue over expenses. The projection is shown below:
-	15000 thousand people contribute by health card giving minimum BDT 5/= per person & total BDT 75000/= monthly
-	Pharmacy rent BDT2000/= per month
-	Doctors visit BDT 20/= taka per patient a total of BDT 2000 per day, monthly BDT 60,000/=
-	Pathology monthly approximately BDT 10,000/=
It is also projected that we can generate more from Ambulance service and collection of Jakat fund, donation, free sample of medicine.

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	 <td><textarea name='proptitle' style='border-style: solid; border-width:1px; border-color: white white white white;width:125px;height:300px' id='proptitle' >multinational HIV Aids work
HIV/AIDS 
Action Now for Healing Tomorrow  </textarea></td>
	 <td><textarea name='short' style='border-style: solid; border-width:1px; border-color: white white white white;width:175px;height:300px' id='short' >This proposal outlines the need for funding to assist HIV/AIDS programming ICA’s paramount approach to attacking this and other community crises has been tried and tested in many countries.  The existing ICA programs are well-established in the field and are already helping many to come to grips with the HIV/AIDS epidemic. </textarea></td>
     <td><textarea name='description' style='border-style: solid; border-width:1px; border-color: black black black black;width:400px;height:300px' id='description' >multinational HIV Aids work
HIV/AIDS 
Action Now for Healing Tomorrow 
Index

	Page no.
A.  Executive Summary	1
B.  ICA —Our
      Strengths
C.  The Crisis	4

5
D.  Issues specific to area
E.  ICA Programs	7
11
F.  Help – Why US, Why ICA
G.  Funding and Support Requirements
H.  Monitoring, Evaluation &
      Accountability

Appendix 1: 
ICA Existing and Planned Programs	
       
	1.	Micro-Credit Financing
2.	Employment Skills Training
3.	Infrastructure Development
4.	Agricultural Training
5.	HIV/AIDS Testing, Counselling and Counsellor Training
6.	Youth HIV/AIDS Prevention
7.	Home Based Care
8.	Literacy: Functional and Legal
9.	ToP Training	i
	
	
	
A.	EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Institute of Cultural Affairs (ICA) is a registered charity that works with individuals and organisations to build communities and partnerships that promote a sustainable and just society..

This proposal outlines the need for funding to assist HIV/AIDS programming ICA’s paramount approach to attacking this and other community crises has been tried and tested in many countries.  The existing ICA programs are well-established in the field and are already helping many to come to grips with the HIV/AIDS epidemic.

The philosophy of ICA is to maximize the participation of people in the process of taking responsibility for their own lives and for society as a whole. ICA helps people help themselves. This is done by working at the grassroots level with active involvement of the local population to attack the issues that most affect them. ICA organisations are autonomous, with local decisions made at the local level in order to best address situations relevant to various regions. Programs are focused on specific areas to help ensure sustainable success.

With significant attention given to HIV/AIDS, considerable resources have been mustered to fight this overwhelming crisis. While the disease is still here, a great deal of progress has been made in the battle for those living with HIV/AIDS.  Many infected people would have already died prior to these advances, but are now continuing to live fulfilling, purposeful lives.

In the developing world, HIV/AIDS continues to ravage the population. The disease continues to decimate families and communities with 2.4 million AIDS deaths and 3.2 million new infections annually.  

The soaring rates of HIV/AIDS deaths and infections serve to exacerbate the already serious problem of poverty, create millions of orphans, and undermine the existing yet tenuous progress that has been achieved over the past few decades. The AIDS crisis literally threatens the entire region. Furthermore, the worst is yet to come.  It is estimated that there will be as many as 40 million AIDS orphans by 2010, and as many as 90 million AIDS deaths by 2025.

The problems outlined are intensified for a number of reasons. Even without HIV/AIDS, extreme poverty results in tenuous and primitive health care that is often inaccessible or simply non-existent in many areas. AIDS drugs are prohibitively expensive. The HIV/AIDS crisis simultaneously reduces the number of people in the workforce while it increases the need for care of those infected, resulting in a vicious spiral. Yet another consequence of widespread poverty is lack of education, resulting in poor job skills, inability to feed one’s family, insufficient funding for health care and ignorance about HIV/AIDS. Poverty and lack of education have driven many women into prostitution, creating another channel for the spread of disease. 

Social and cultural factors also play a part in the grasp the disease has on the people.  Fear of being ostracized by their family and community leads to silence and denial from those infected, contributing further to the stigma surrounding HIV/AIDS.  This shame prevents many from getting tested, adding to the proliferation of HIV/AIDS.  The extreme patriarchal customs throughout many parts of the region hold women as little more than objects; this, combined with widespread male promiscuity, is a further cause of the relentless spread of the virus.   

While many government and non-government organisations are providing some aid and assistance, it is clearly inadequate. UNAID believes that there will be an $18 billion shortfall in funding in the next two years alone. Financial support must come from all realms, particularly the wealthy Western world. Some countries have the means to provide assistance through its combination of wealth, resources, democratic society, education, modern technology and advanced health care expertise.

ICA has committed to addressing the HIV/AIDS issue through a collaboration with the ICA organizations.   ICA will assist at the local level to plan programs, develop networks and infrastructure, and above all, to provide funding to implement the plans.  The target is to raise xxx in the first year (2006), xxx in the second year (2007), and xxx in the third year (2008). 

This is a call to action for donors and sponsorships to provide financial support towards this crucial collaboration.  Monetary assistance is required to supplement support programs between global and local ICA’s, to implement capacity building initiatives, and to provide direct expertise and other assistance in the field. 

If nothing is done, this crisis will continue to ravage, threatening to wipe out an entire continent.  ICA has a plan and intends to take action against this crisis.   Support from all spheres of the community, including corporate sponsorship, government funding, and individual donations will make a critical difference.  Action now will bring healing tomorrow.


B.  	ICA:  INSTITUTE OF CULTURAL AFFAIRS—OUR STRENGTHS
The Institute of Cultural Affairs (ICA) is a registered charity that works with individuals and organisations to build communities and partnerships that promote a sustainable and just society. Individual ICA’s are governed and managed by local citizens who are best informed of cultural considerations, local needs and program efficiencies and effectiveness. As a result, all decisions are made locally within each region of each country.

The central focus of the ICA mandate is to maximise participation of people in the process of taking responsibility for their own lives and for society as a whole, helping communities and individuals help themselves. This is accomplished at the grassroots level with active involvement from local populations.  While planning and strategic development facilitation are key components to the work of ICA, significant indicators of success also include tangible achievements in the field following such planning. 

ICA has been actively involved in HIV/AIDS work for 5 years, cooperating with local people to establish practical programs that address the local and regional issues directly. These programs are continuously being developed and expanded in order to best meet the needs of those they serve.  Programs are generally positioned in two or three specific districts in each country in order to make the best use of minimal funding and bring about the greatest impact to those regions involved.  A complete list of successful initiatives for each country and theme is included in Appendix 1.

As a well established player in the HIV/AIDS humanitarian field, ICA continues to develop relationships with other major stakeholders in the international arena.  IAt the most concrete level, all ICA’s collaborate with national and local governments, non-government agencies, and local businesses in the field. 

With its well founded history, existing collaborations and grassroots philosophy, ICA continues to establish itself and build a reputation as an effective catalyst for action.
 

C.	THE CRISIS
AIDS is a devastating disease. HIV/AIDS has justifiably received much publicity as notable successes have been achieved in the prevention and treatment of it.  As alarming as the situation is, it pales in comparison to the HIV/AIDS infection and death rates in other regions. To describe the situation as a crisis is an understatement, and it would not be an exaggeration to suggest that the whole continent is at risk of succumbing to this disease.


The sub-Saharan region of Africa is home to just 10% of the world’s population, but has 60% of the world’s HIV infections. Families are decimated, millions are dead and millions more are orphaned. Statistics tell just a part of the story as the true nature of the tragedy can only be understood through witnessing the devastation first hand.

In 2005 there were 2.4 million AIDS deaths in the region and 3.2 million new infections, outrageous numbers.  Officially, there are 26 million people living with HIV/AIDS the region, but official statistics are considered by many to be unreliable because of poor measuring, political influence and underreporting due to the social stigma of the disease.  It is believed that the infection rate could be as much as 50 percent higher than is currently reported.













AIDS has ravaged with predictions from most experts that the conditions have yet to reach their worst – a scary thought in light of the current statistics.  Despite high birth rates common in this part of the world, it is estimated that populations in a number of countries in this region will begin to decline solely due to the AIDS crisis by the year 2010. UNICEF calculates that there will be 40 million AIDS orphans by the year 2010. UNAID has forecast the impact over the next 20 years.  The best-case scenario expects a steady increase in deaths until 2012 when a plateau is reached, followed by a modest decline thereafter; the worst-case scenario foresees continuing devastation and some 90 million deaths by 2025. 






The following chart illustrates clearly the impact of AIDS on life expectancy in the region. Progress achieved over the last 100 years has been wiped out in less than a decade.




Life expectancy continues to drop. life expectancy rate in the region in 2010 is forecast to drop to 36.5 years, the same level as England experienced in the 1700s.  







D.	ISSUES SPECIFIC
The status of one of the poorest regions in the world, even prior to the AIDS epidemic, renders it wholly inadequate to supply the required resources necessary to combat the ravaging disease. Hospitals are few and far between in many areas; those that do exist are ill equipped to handle even the most basic matters, let alone AIDS victims. Often transported via rudimentary means, such as by foot with the help of relatives, the people that are able to access a hospital at all are considered lucky.  These underdeveloped hospitals are only able to supply modest relief of suffering, providing a slight delay in the inevitable death of the AIDS victims that do arrive.  Sadly, many will never leave their villages to access these sporadic hospitals and will die without any modern treatment or support whatsoever.  

Typical of the problem is a lack or a severe shortage of AIDS drugs in most countries of the region. Due to the nature of the virus, particularly its ability to mutate rapidly and produce drug-resistant strains, it has not yet been possible to develop an effective vaccine; nevertheless, the existing HIV/AIDS drugs have had considerable success in delaying the onset of AIDS in HIV-infected individuals. The drugs serve to prolong life, reduce the suffering of those living with AIDS, and lessen the likelihood of passing the virus on, particularly between women and their foetuses and babies. 

Until recently, few to none of these remedies had been available to developing countries.  While stiff competition among pharmaceutical manufacturers and some international aid has resulted in a modest supply of drugs, the provisions remains woefully inadequate. A combined World Health Organization/UNAIDS estimate shows that only 800,000 of 4.7 million cases in the region are receiving AIDS drugs - a mere 17%.

Inadequate nutrition is another consequence of poverty that impacts the effect of HIV/AIDS on its victims.  Access to proper nutrition is also jeopardized by many societal factors such as ill health, lack of education and poor skills training. Proper nutrition is a fundamental building block of life, essential for successful early childhood development, maternal survival, and participation in school or the workforce.  Poor nutrition in the early years of life can greatly impair cognitive development.  

Lack of education presents multi-faceted challenges. From low levels of education ensue poorly-paying jobs that barely provide for daily survival, let alone self-improvement or HIV/AIDS treatment. The rule of life in many areas is “Don’t get sick because if you do, you will die.”  Low personal income levels result in low government revenues and the inability to fund even the most basic public services such as sanitation or safe water; consequently, AIDS programs are not considered a priority.

Due to a lack of education surrounding HIV/AIDS, many people still do not believe the virus exists.  Of those that do consider it a real threat, many are unaware of how it is passed on or what preventative measures to take.
	
Prostitution is a yet another saddening and devastating consequence of poverty and lack of education.  Many women are forced into prostitution in order to survive and provide for their often single parent families. Rampant in the region, prostitution can be traced along the major roads as truck drivers carry the virus from prostitute to prostitute and then back to their families.  Similarly, healthy prostitutes inevitably contract the disease and pass it on to their own families.  

The problem of HIV/AIDS is exacerbated by poverty and low education levels. As more people contract the disease fewer people are available to work, yet more workers are needed to care for the sick, and eventually, to look after the inevitable and expanding orphan population. As children are taken out of school to replace the dying workforce, the adults (usually women) are forced to fulfill the multiple roles of income earners, childcare providers, household managers, and healthcare workers.  





The basic problems of poverty and its consequences are compounded by the fact that there are many countries, each with its own culture, norms and beliefs.  Important government figures in some countries still deny the existence of HIV/AIDS, even forbidding treatment other than the “acceptable” ancient traditional remedies.  These views are often reinforced through the media.







While a few countries have addressed the problem rationally and have had some success, many countries still choose to devote their meagre resources to the military rather than to health care and infrastructure.  With these divergent issues, a “One size fits all” solution is obviously not feasible.
 
Many countries are very conservative, labelling HIV/AIDS with a terrible social stigma. This results in denial. It is common for a family member to contract AIDS and then hide that fact, ultimately passing the virus on to others in the family. Some have taken the drastic measures of dying without treatment rather than admitting to having what is seen as a shameful infection. This is particularly true of women, who are largely considered second class citizens. The patriarchal attitudes that are still prevalent in many countries pose major obstacles to HIV/AIDS prevention as men rule and women obey.   Polygamy is widely practised and it is not uncommon for wives to be “lent” to visiting male acquaintances for the night. This style of life is conducive to the spread of the virus, and is worsened by widespread promiscuity and use of prostitutes by many men. 

E.	ICA PROGRAMS
The first steps towards combating the ravaging effects of HIV/AIDS have begun in all six of the partner countries.  While some programming is currently taking place, additional support, training, and capacity building in a number of program areas has been identified by the ICA.  The following provides an overview of the main thematic areas of focus that will be implemented or expanded upon over the next 3 years in ICA’s.  Complete details of existing and planned programs relative to each country and theme are outlined in Appendix 1.

1.	Micro-Credit Financing
Stringent requirements associated with approved bank loans in many nations make it difficult for individuals or community groups to access credit financing.  Stable employment and sufficient collateral are beyond the reach of a majority of residents who do not own homes or land, rendering them ineligible for traditional loans.  Without start-up financing, there is little hope of creating venues for economic development and future sustainability.

The micro-credit projects focus on creating opportunities for economic development at the local level. Loans are provided to community-based clubs (approximately 10 members per club) to assist with the generation of economic based activities. Training will be provided to develop community leadership capacity and business management skills so that members become empowered, continuing to work towards economic self-sufficiency. 

2.	Employment Skills Training
Running successful economic ventures enables the micro-credit financing group members to overcome the debilitating effects of poverty.  Without marketable skills, however, the micro-credit training would be ineffectual. Skills training will be implemented to equip unskilled community members with functional and locally relevant skill sets.

3.	Infrastructure Development
ICA recognizes that infrastructure is key to accelerated growth, reduced poverty and enhanced living conditions. Sanitary living conditions and access to clean water are the exception rather than the rule in most areas. ICA will be working towards improved infrastructure through improvement or development of agro-forestry plots, water bore holes, water-shed development, communication and transportation systems.

4.	Agricultural Training
Food security is a major problem in many nations. On the rare occasions where there is an adequate supply, the main food source is maize. Diversification towards an increase in proteins, fruits and vegetables is greatly needed to provide a healthy diet to more citizens.  The diet requirements of “people living with HIV/AIDS” (PLWHA) are more diverse than those of the general population, and proper nutrition is essential in preserving their health and slowing the progression of the disease.  For those undergoing treatment, an adequate diet is necessary to avoid toxicity and maintain the effectiveness of drug therapies.  The goal of the agricultural training projects is to improve both the nutritional quality and quantity of the diets consumed by PLWHA in order to best assist those who have been severely affected by the disease.  

5.	HIV/AIDS Testing, Counselling and Counsellor Training
Directly addressing the prevention of HIV/AIDS will primarily be accomplished by training community members to become HIV/AIDS counsellors. HIV/AIDS counsellors will provide testing and counselling at Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) centers, in informal community care centers and in homes. HIV/AIDS testing exists as the cornerstone of infection rate reductions. ICA’s have begun to address this need in various ways and will continue this work through increased testing, counselling, and counsellor training.

6.	Youth HIV/AIDS Prevention
These projects directly focus on the prevention of HIV/AIDS infections among youth.  Every ICA training program that is provided, whether in leadership, business skills or caretaking, includes a section on HIV/AIDS awareness, prevention and treatment.  The objective is truly grassroots in approach as the youth become the expert ambassadors to healthy living and HIV/AIDS awareness and education throughout numerous communities.

Facilitation training equips youth with the skills to take control of their own lives and share their knowledge with others.  Relevant socio-economic and life skills training will assist them with healthy decision making in all facets of life.  HIV/AIDS education and awareness mobilize youth toward improved sexual health and increased awareness about the prevention of HIV/AIDS.  The culmination of the ongoing training and skill development in facilitation skills will result in each youth team planning and implementing local HIV/AIDS initiatives within their local schools and communities, demonstrating in true form the positive effects youth can have in their own lives and that of their communities when given the opportunity for healthy, meaningful engagement.  

7.	Home Based Care
As HIV/AIDS infected people become too ill to leave their homes, the need for families and community members to become equipped with home-based care skills becomes increasingly important. The majority of families are lacking the knowledge and the most basic medical supplies to provide palliative care for critically ill family members. Home-Based Care training will equip families and community members with the skills to provide basic first-aid care for those ill from HIV/AIDS.  Training will focus on administration of pain-relief medications, bathing procedures, safety methodologies for dealing with bodily fluids, proper nutrition, and provision of comfort to families and individuals infected with or affected by HIV/AIDS.  Along with training, Home-based Care kits will be provided to assist with nutrition, hygiene and comfort to the ill.

8.	Literacy – Functional & Legal
Four out of ten are illiterate, and the consequences are many.  Much of the general public is unable to understand media campaigns promoting safe-sex, HIV/AIDS prevention, family planning, and basic hygiene - all messages intended to stem the HIV/AIDS pandemic and improve public health.   Without the appropriate literacy skills, opportunities for viable income-generating work among 40% of the population, becomes particularly limited.  

Without knowing their rights, women are taken advantage of in a variety of ways. The situation of widows is of great concern especially in light of the HIV/AIDS pandemic. With the death of a man there is a crisis for his nuclear family. The traditional expectation is that his property will return to his family—his brothers, leaving the wife and children without any means of support. The legal systems provide property rights for women. Training in human and legal rights is fundamental to enable women to feed their family and provide a home.

Continuation and enhancement of existing ICA literacy programs will include training in human rights, legal aid, property rights and gender equity.

9.	ICA Technology of Participation (ToP) Training
ToP methods have been central to the basic strategy for building plans and commitment at the village level in all of the partners.  This grassroots training facilitates community capacity building as skills are acquired and advanced to others.  The participatory nature of the training, including Group Facilitation, Strategic Planning and Project Management enhance civil society development throughout the communities, contributing greatly to the future sustainability and self-sufficiency of successful programs and development projects.


F.	HELP –WHY ICA 

The HIV/AIDS crisis is so colossal that by some estimates, annual spending of $10 billion will be required to prevent, contain and comfort. The sizable funding provided by the international community through the United Nations, national governments, government agencies, non-government organizations and private organizations is a fraction of what is actually required. 

The countries themselves devote relatively large amounts of public money to healthcare generally, but regional poverty means that the absolute amounts are pitifully inadequate. For example, in 2003, a country spent 8% of GDP on healthcare,, but this resulted in just $6.63 per sufferer being spent on HIV/AIDS. Not even a drop in the bucket.

With all the benefits of a wealthy civilization, we are privy to a free society within a peaceful democracy.  We have a thriving economy, an abundance of resources, a well educated population, access to modern technology and advanced and accessible medical expertise.  These factors create an ideal combination for providing much needed financial aid and other assistance to meet this crisis head on.

ICA is the ideal vehicle to provide the necessary program expertise and assistance. The programs are as varied as the requirements dictate. We have an excellent network of contacts and collaborators among UN agencies, national and local governments and major NGOs. Lastly, our philosophy is ideal in that it emphasizes the need to maximise the participation of people in the processes of taking responsibility for their own lives and for society as a whole.




G.	Funding and Support Requirements

1.	Funding
The existing goal is to raise $xxx,000 in 2006. The basic budget needs for the six partner countries total $830,000 for the year 2006; an additional $320,000 is required for program expansion and new programs, for a total of $1,150,000.   

Funding is requested from a number of sources: locally through the sale of non-charitable services and fundraising, 

  ICA has committed to raising $330,000 for programming in 2006. We expect our fund-raising expense to amount to $20,000 so we need to raise a total of $350,000. 

We have a successful start to the program and so far have secured funding and pledges of $100,000. But obviously we still have some way to go. 

The ICA planning initiatives and respective budget currently spans three years.  Plans include advancement of existing programs, introduction of new ones, and expansion of programming into new regions. 

As plans continue to develop in partnership with local ICA’s, funding requirements are expected to increase significantly, totalling US $5 million by 2008. fund-raising efforts are subsequently targeted at $750,000 for 2007 and $2,000,000 for 2008.


2.	Skills Sharing
Other forms of support, collaboration and direct participation are also requested from interested parties.  The variety of expertise available within sponsoring bodies would prove invaluable if shared directly with partnering African countries, creating opportunities for organizational capacity building and the advancement of civil society development.

To this end, ICA is seeking agencies and corporations who are willing to champion this cause by financially supporting their own delegation of staff and volunteers for short-term assignments, sharing skills and experiencing the situation first-hand.   Local ICA’s have identified expertise and training needs in the following areas:

•	Medical professionals
•	Teachers
•	Agriculturalists
•	Finance, accounting and credit management experts
•	Engineers
•	Lawyers
•	HIV/AIDS counsellors
•	Social workers
•	Non-specialised assistance

This type of skills-sharing program will provide considerable benefit to the participants, the national ICA’s at the organizational level, and the participating population in general.  It provides employers with the opportunity to offer worthwhile service programs and leaves of absence to valuable employees who will also benefit greatly from such an experience.

3.	Local Fundraising Support
Other types of collaboration are needed for fundraising and event sponsorship.  This type of support is endless in variety, including such things as advertising and marketing campaigns, printing services, sponsorship of guest speakers at fundraising events, etc.   

As an example, ICA has been approved as a beneficiary of a Marathon. This affords opportunities for organizations to become involved through participation of employees who run on behalf of ICA, and or to sponsor runners already running for ICA. We are also looking for corporate sponsorship to cover the overhead costs of this event.

In return, ICA will provide speakers about HIV/AIDS and the initiatives for private staff sessions and/or public events at the request of supporting organizations.
 
H. 	Monitoring, Evaluation, and ACCOUNTABILITY

The right philosophy, the right people and the right programs are necessary ingredients for any community development project, but we need to hold ourselves accountable to ensure the level of success that we seek. And we need to hold our local representatives to account as well.

We start by having each country prepare annual and quarterly plans together with a detailed budget. Each will provide a regular quarterly report on its activities and a more comprehensive one at each year-end.

The financial segment of each report will provide statements that track revenues and expenditures against the budget for each program, including the key elements within each program and all non-program expenditures.   An updated full-year estimate, including explanation of all actual and projected variances, will also be provided.  Plans for dealing with adverse variances will be addressed when necessary as the situation dictates.  

The package will also include non-financial statistical data measuring program performance. Key data includes such items as number of new crop trees planted, number of AIDS counsellors trained, number of micro-credit grants made, micro-credit repayment rate, number of people tested, number of home-based care visits, etc. Measurable outcomes will be provided to all donors so that progress can be tracked.

Annual plans, financial budgets, interim and year end reports will be made available to all sponsors.
 

IF NOTHING IS DONE…


“Are human rights just for a few on the planet or are they indeed for all?” – Romeo Dallaire 
ICA PROGRAMMING:  EXISTING & 2006 PLANS

1.	MICRO-CREDIT FINANCING
Stringent requirements associated with approved bank loans in many nations make it difficult for individuals or community groups to access credit financing.  Stable employment and sufficient collateral are beyond the reach of a majority of residents who do not own homes or land, rendering them ineligible for traditional loans.  Without start-up financing, there is little hope of creating venues for economic development and future sustainability.

The micro-credit projects focus on creating opportunities for economic development at the local level. Loans are provided to community-based clubs (approximately 10 members per club) to assist with the generation of economic based activities. Training will be provided to develop community leadership capacity and business management skills so that members become empowered, continuing to work towards economic self-sufficiency. 

Micro-Credit Financing
	Existing Programs	Planned 2006 Programs
Kenya		•	In order to generate some funds to assist with caring for village orphans and others who are sick, income generating projects will be planned and implemented at the village level. 
Area A	•	ICA pays each group back 5% of their original repaid loan to allow members to loan to one another. 
•	20 community income generating groups have been identified and launched in xxx; 10 are currently receiving loans from ICA.
•	25 groups have been identified and trained in yyy and will receive loans this year.  
•	20 groups in yyy have established businesses without loans because they had the Participatory Strategic Planning, Basic Business Skills training and credit management training.
•	400 people have been trained in Basic Business Skills.
•	ICA has given loans amounting to 12 million Shillings to approximately 310 people through the micro-credit scheme.
	•	Provide second loans to renewing groups
•	Increase loans to experienced groups
•	Identify and loan to 10 new Income Generating Groups in xxx
•	Identify and loan to 5 new Income Generating Groups in yyy
•	Provide 3 training events (3 days each with 150 participants) for new members in Basic Business Skills and credit management
•	Provide loan supervision and repayment training 

Area B	•	Implemented successful micro-credit projects specific to the farming industry involving 54 households.
	•	Organize an income generating project in each of the 5 villages in zzz District in the Southern Province.
•	Offer training to members of 15 families in each of 5 villages on income-generation methods.
Zimbabwe	•	25 income generating groups have been launched and have successfully paid back their loans. Significant impact has been made in the lives of approximately 250 families.
	•	Loans will be given to 10 community based women’s clubs (totalling 50 loan disbursements), providing start-up costs for members to initiate income-generating activities.  
•	5 business skills training programs will be launched 
•	4 marketable products skills training programs will be launched
•	10 leadership skills training programs will be launched 
•	A year-end “Market Festival” will be held to host all micro-credit clubs as a venue to display and sell products. 

2.	EMPLOYMENT SKILLS TRAINING
Running successful economic ventures enables the micro-credit financing group members to overcome the debilitating effects of poverty.  Without marketable skills, however, the micro-credit training would be ineffectual. Skills training will be implemented to equip unskilled community members with functional and locally relevant skill sets.

Employment Skills Training
	Existing Programs	Planned 2006 Programs
Area D	•	Through the Widow’s Empowerment Programme, 3 groups have been formed and trained in business management. As a result of the training, each of the 3 groups have established successful businesses, 2 of them are buying and selling cereals and one is buying and selling chickens. 
	
Area A		•	Provide Marketable Skills training in chalk and candle making to 80 community members in the xxx and yyy districts.

Area B	•	Implemented a vocational youth skills training in carpentry, welding, tailoring, bricklaying and poultry production involving 450 youth who were unable to finish school due to lack of school fees in ddd and fff districts.
•	Trained groups of farmers in leadership skills and project management to enable them to register as community based organizations (CBO’s) with legal status to seek their own funding and with the capacity to implement income generating activities, micro-credit, and seed multiplication projects.
	•	Provide 4 Marketable Skills Training workshops including candle making, baking skills, batik making, and perma-culture skills. 100 participants will attend these workshops.








3.	INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT
ICA recognizes that infrastructure is key to accelerated growth, reduced poverty and enhanced living conditions. Sanitary living conditions and access to clean water are the exception rather than the rule in most areas of the six participating nations. Some of the ICA's will be working towards improved infrastructure through improvement or development of agro-forestry plots, water bore holes, communication and transportation systems.

Infrastructure Development
	Existing Programs	Planned 2006 Programs
Area C	•	ICA successfully completed an integrated development programme in the nnn District. Eleven water boreholes were dug; and agri-forestry plots established. The program benefited 16,000 people. 
	•	Improve transport and communication for People Living with HIV/AIDS
•	in order to address transportation and communication issues related to the isolation of more rural communities, a health professional will be deployed to the villages once per month to assist PLWHA
•	A medical emergency cell phone (where service is available) will be identified or provided for use at each of the project villages.  
•	The feasibility of a bicycle ambulance service and possibly a medical taxi-service will also be investigated.
•	Collaborate with communities by sharing their considerable expertise and experience related to bore hole locations, costs, and additional requirements.
•	Link communities with appropriate organizations that may be able to provide hands-on support to drill the bore holes.

Area E	•	Introduced culturally acceptable smoke removal interventions such as chimneys, windows, and improved stoves in 150 traditional houses in 9 villages. 
	•	Currently working toward expanding this indoor air pollution project in village homes in the zzz District.
•	Currently working toward providing pure drinking water facilities through introduction of filtering systems.
•	Demonstrating a pit latrine sanitation scheme in several locations to create awareness for improved sanitation. 

Zambia	•	Constructed 37 secure wells in mmm and nnn Districts
•	Constructed 300 toilets
•	Provided sanitation training	•	Improve access of residents in distant villages to the highway, the clinic, ICA and markets



4.	AGRICULTURAL TRAINING
Food security is a major problem in many nations. On the rare occasions where there is an adequate supply, the main food source is maize. Diversification towards an increase in proteins, fruits and vegetables is greatly needed to provide a healthy diet to more citizens.  The diet requirements of “people living with HIV/AIDS” (PLWHA) are more diverse than those of the general population, and proper nutrition is essential in preserving their health and slowing the progression of the disease.  For those undergoing treatment, an adequate diet is necessary to avoid toxicity and maintain the effectiveness of drug therapies.  The goal of the agricultural training projects is to improve both the nutritional quality and quantity of the diets consumed by PLWHA in order to best assist those who have been severely affected by the disease.  

Agricultural Training
	Existing Programs	Planned 2006 Programs
Area A	•	In 2004, sustainable agriculture training was given to 420 farmers within 24 groups. 
•	Successfully completed a 3 year programme on food security in ppp District. As a result of this programme, 350 farmers were trained in animal management and organic farming. 	
Area B	•	With the assistance of a funder, farmers are being educated in the planting and cultivation of Allanblackia tress on their current properties to harvest the seeds. The seeds are an excellent alternative resource for making low-cholesterol cooking oil.	•	ICA is using its community base to mobilize the farmers in the process of growing, maturing and harvesting seed yields. 
•	100 farmers will be trained.
•	Estimated 500 trees planted.
Area C	•	Constructed 600 improved storage bins for preserving seed and food crops for individual households.
•	Constructed 75 improved community storage sheds in four different areas for marketing crops.
•	Increased seed multiplication projects in aaa, bbb and ccc districts.
•	Currently undergoing an initiative to improve food supply by teaching village members how to manage, process, preserve, and prepare products from small livestock and vegetable production, primarily chickens, goats, and a variety of vegetables. 	•	Training in nutrition and crop diversification.
•	Education to increase understanding of what makes a healthy diet for PLWHAs.
•	Demonstrate best practices of food production and preparation in the larger community.
•	Comprehensive training in HIV/AIDS prevention education, home based care, nutrition, and food production. 
•	15 families will be selected from each of 5 villages (75 families) based on one or more of the following criteria: having one or more orphans, a female-headed or child-headed household, or having people living with HIV/AIDS.

5.	HIV/AIDS TESTING, COUNSELLING AND COUNSELLOR TRAINING
Directly addressing the prevention of HIV/AIDS will primarily be accomplished by training community members to become HIV/AIDS counsellors. HIV/AIDS counsellors will provide testing and counselling at Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) centers, in informal community care centers and in homes. HIV/AIDS testing exists as the cornerstone of infection rate reductions. The partner ICA’s have begun to address this need in various ways and will continue this work through increased testing, counselling, and counsellor training.

HIV/AIDS Testing, Counselling and Counsellor Training
	Existing Programs	Planned 2006 Programs
area A	•	A major campaign was held in 2004 on prevention of HIV/AIDS. 
•	40 people were voluntarily tested during the campaign.
•	District personnel, assisted by ICA trainers continually provide training in counselling and home-based care.	•	2 counsellors trained in each of 44 villages (88 counsellors total) to assist PLWHA and those who learn that they are HIV positive. 
•	Initiate a mobile VCT program and HIV/AIDS training for additional villagers to provide a support system for people living with HIV/AIDS and their caregivers at the local level.
•	90 additional villagers throughout 6 villages will receive 3 days of HIV/AIDS prevention education, 1 day of counsellor training, and 1 day of home care training.
•	Continued weekly group meetings in villages for self-management of PLWHA.  
Area B	•	Started free pre-counselling, testing and post counselling in 2003. 500+ people tested  
•	Trained 106 community HIV/AIDS counsellors from 23 villages to provide HIV/AIDS and general health counselling. 
•	60 HIV/AIDS counsellors trained in Handeni.
•	Four information exchange forums organized in xxx district, with more than 90 HIV/AIDS counsellors in attendance.
•	Distribution of 70,000 condoms per 3 months.	•	Set up a new VCT center. 
•	Provide greater access to VCT services (via the new center), condoms and ARV supplies.
•	Equip the VCT’s with new testing equipment and hire a new VCT counsellor
•	Provide HIV/AIDS community counsellor training in 2 new areas 
•	Provide HIV/AIDS awareness training for traditional healers—4days of training for 40 traditional healers.

Area C	•	Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) implemented at zzz Rural Health Clinic.
•	112 people tested in 10 months, with approximately 75% positive for HIV/AIDS.
	•	HIV/AIDS testing and counselling will be made available to 15 families from each of five villages (75 families total) selected for a new research and demonstration project.
•	Comprehensive training and care for families with an orphan, a female-headed or child-headed household, or with PLWHA.
Area D	•	Through the Youth Friendly Corner, ICA is initiating regularly scheduled HIV/AIDS testing and counselling services.	•	Provide 10 HIV/AIDS training events
•	Establish an HIV/AIDS testing camp

6.	YOUTH HIV/AIDS PREVENTION
These projects directly focus on the prevention of HIV/AIDS infections among youth.  Every ICA training program that is provided, whether in leadership, business skills or caretaking, includes a section on HIV/AIDS awareness, prevention and treatment.  The objective is truly grassroots in approach as the youth become the expert ambassadors to healthy living and HIV/AIDS awareness and education throughout numerous communities.

Facilitation training equips youth with the skills to take control of their own lives and share their knowledge with others.  Relevant socio-economic and life skills training will assist them with healthy decision making in all facets of life.  HIV/AIDS education and awareness mobilize youth toward improved sexual health and increased awareness about the prevention of HIV/AIDS.  The culmination of the ongoing training and skill development in facilitation skills will result in each youth team planning and implementing local HIV/AIDS initiatives within their local schools and communities, demonstrating in true form the positive effects youth can have in their own lives and that of their communities when given the opportunity for healthy, meaningful engagement.  

Youth HIV/AID Prevention
	Existing Programs	Planned 2006 Programs
Area A	•	24 community groups (240 people) were trained for 5 days on behaviour changes, such as methods of reducing the spread of HIV virus.
•	4 ICA staff members were trained in Positive Self Management programmes on HIV/AIDS. The staff then facilitated this training for 36 people living with HIV/AIDS in the city and region.	
Area B	•	Currently initiating a pilot program which mobilizes youth in three schools as a research and demonstration project to stop the spread of the disease in the future. 
•	Students will be trained in interactive communication and leadership skills.
•	These students will then design and implement their own program to inform their fellow students about HIV/AIDS. 	•	Train leaders and peer-education teams (50 peer-educators trained) that will influence their peers, families and communities with the message of HIV/AIDS prevention (5000 students impacted).
•	Train students in other areas of life such as leadership development, basic hygiene, human sexuality, personal development planning, and youth empowerment through agro-business and mentoring.
•	Equip youth with communication skills and leadership skills
•	Create health teams in 5 schools
Area D	•	ICA has been involved with HIV/AIDS work since 2002 with their youth program, Youth as Facilitative Leaders (YFL)
•	The project trains students in participatory facilitation skills (including assertiveness and communication skills), HIV/AIDS prevention, gender equity, abuse of children and women, drug awareness, sustainable community building in schools, peer education, and the development of life skills. 
•	To date, more than 1,000 young people have been informed about HIV/AIDS through ICA trainings.	•	Focus on 4 areas to engage youth as social change agents in their schools and communities.  
•	Develop YFL teams among 8 school systems and 2 youth groups.  
•	10 training sessions in participatory facilitation skills (including communications and assertiveness skills)
•	10 training sessions in HIV/AIDS (including issues of gender equity, teen pregnancy, and violence against women)
•	Facilitate 10 action plans with youth teams (8 from schools, 2 from youth groups)
•	Monitor and evaluate implementation of action plans
Area E	•	School outreach activities offered HIV/AIDS education to 1380 students from 2 secondary and 2 primary schools.
	•	Equip local youth, men and women, traditional healers, and local leaders with knowledge of HIV/AIDS through school awareness campaigns and leadership training.
•	Create 10 student HIV/AIDS clubs in Secondary Schools
•	Set up four education scholarships for girls to complete full Secondary School education.
Area F	•	A major pillar of the existing prevention thrust is the Youth Friendly Corner (YFC) programme, which provides HIV/AIDS prevention education, counselling and training, and condom distribution to young people in a youth-friendly environment. 
	•	6 additional YFC’s will be developed.  
•	Libraries will be incorporated into 2 of the new YFC’s. 
•	A new Resource Center will expand services of the YFC by also offering regularly scheduled HIV/AIDS testing, access to counselling, an extensive library, and an internet café.  
•	Annual training in leadership, management, and HIV/AIDS education will be offered at various YFC locations for youth.  
•	As part of the sustainability plan for the centers, 30 youth will participate in technical training geared towards eventual management of the YFC’s by youth themselves.  
•	Increased self-esteem and valuable skills will result from participation of youth in the planning and implementation of the celebratory “Youth Friendly Centers’ Annual Gala & Sports Tournament”.



7.	HOME BASED CARE PROGRAM
As HIV/AIDS infected people become too ill to leave their homes, the need for families and community members to become equipped with home-based care skills becomes increasingly important. The majority of families are lacking the knowledge and the most basic medical supplies to provide palliative care for critically ill family members. Home-Based Care training will equip families and community members with the skills to provide basic first-aid care for those ill from HIV/AIDS.  This combined education can then be disseminated to local villages through family, neighbours, and women’s clubs. Training will focus on administration of pain-relief medications, bathing procedures, safety methodologies for dealing with bodily fluids, proper nutrition, and provision of comfort to families and individuals infected with or affected by HIV/AIDS.  Along with training, Home-based Care kits will be provided to assist with nutrition, hygiene and comfort to the ill.

Home Based Care Program
	Existing Programs	Planned 2006 Programs
Area A	•	Currently implementing an initiative to provide one-week training programs in six locations to approximately 15 villagers at a time. 
•	Training includes: three days review of HIV/AIDS prevention education, one day on counselling, and one day on home-based care. 	
Area B	•	Through partnership with local government and other NGO’s, ICA has been providing Home-based care services to 51 HIV/AIDS patients in Handeni.
	•	Conduct research on orphan care and establish a care structure for orphans of HIV/AIDS deceased parents.
•	Expand home-based care services by training new home-based care providers
Area C		•	Provide counselling, prevention education, and nutrition and food preparation as part of the home-based care initiative.
•	Provide home-based care kits to 15 families in each of 5 villages to aid family members and community members in caring for the ill.
Area D	•	The community Caretakers Training Program was launched in four communities in 2005.  
•	Training has been provided for 84 volunteers. 	•	Offer 10 Home Caretaker training events in 5 communities, training 200 new caretakers. 
•	1000 Home Caretaker medical kits assembled and distributed to assist locals with looking after the terminally ill.
•	Identify primary school-aged orphans and other vulnerable children for funding to pay for school fees and uniform costs.  

8.	LITERACY – FUNCTIONAL & LEGAL
Four out of ten are illiterate, and the consequences are many.  Much of the general public is unable to understand media campaigns promoting safe-sex, HIH/AIDS prevention, family planning, and basic hygiene - all messages intended to stem the HIV/AIDS pandemic and improve public health.   Without the appropriate literacy skills, an opportunity for viable income-generating work among 40% of the population becomes particularly limited.   Without knowing their rights, women are taken advantage of in a variety of ways. The situation of widows is of great concern especially in light of the HIV/AIDS pandemic. With the death of a man there is a crisis for his nuclear family. The traditional expectation is that his property will return to his family—his brothers, leaving the wife and children without any means of support. The legal system provides property rights for women. Training in human and legal rights is fundamental to enable women to feed their family and provide a home.  Continuation and enhancement of existing ICA literacy programs will include training in human rights, legal aid, property rights and gender equity.

Literacy:  Functional and Legal
	Existing Programs	Planned 2006 Programs
Area A	•	ICA implemented the Widows Empowerment Programme in May 2005 to improve the living standard of widows by training them in para-legal skills and facilitating them to initiate income-generating projects. 
•	150 member within 24 groups participated in 8 workshops on civic human rights 	•	Village leaders and government administration trained in human rights, legal aid, and gender equity.   
•	Provide a para-legal to project villages to enhance support and advocacy for women.
•	Develop human & legal rights misconduct reporting system.  
•	Form “widow’s group” to facilitate continued education and support.
•	Continued weekly group meetings in villages for legal aid and human rights.  
Area B	•	8 classes of adult education were conducted on a one year basis for women and youth and some continue to operate.
•	A lawyer was hired by ICA staff from 2003-2005 to operate a legal clinic which was established in 2002. The lawyer provided legal advice to the public on specific legal problems.  
•	Legal manuals were created and distributed, and legal issues were raised at Public Dialogues and in Exchange Forums. 
•	ICA visited 4 seriously under serviced villages providing legal and HIV/AIDS education. 
•	196 people in various districts were provided with legal manuals to share with community members.	•	Train 60 teachers in REFLECT functional literacy over a 2 week period. Graduates will then set up 1 year classes for 12 to 20 women and youth at the local community level.
•	5 new literacy classes implemented.
•	Hold 3 public dialogues and 3 exchange forums on functional literacy in 2 districts.
•	Hire another lawyer to replace the previous one.
•	Offer two 5-day training events for community legal advisors with 25 participants in each.


9.	ICA TECHNOLOGY OF PARTICIPATION (TOP) TRAINING
ToP methods have been central to the basic strategy for building plans and commitment at the village level in all of the partner ICAs.  This grassroots training facilitates community capacity building as skills are acquired and advanced to others.  The participatory nature of the training, including Group Facilitation, Strategic Planning and Project Management enhance civil society development throughout the communities, contributing greatly to the future sustainability and self-sufficiency of successful programs and development projects.

ICA Technology of Participation (ToP) Training
	Existing Programs	Planned 2006 Programs
Area A	•	All members of the 20 community income-generating groups have been trained in Group Facilitation methods and Strategic Participatory Planning skills (total 400 participants). 
•	In Districts: 50 community groups (100 participants) received training in Participatory Strategic Planning and Group Facilitation.	•	Introduce ToP methods to Government departments, NGO community and other sectors of society to demonstrate effectiveness of methods and support the participatory approach being used at the local level.
AAA District:
•	Provide 10 community leadership training events in Group Facilitation Methods (GFM) and Participatory Strategic Planning (PSP)- 5 day sessions for 10 new groups (200 participants)
•	Local Government Officers will be trained in GFM and PSP training—16 participants from 3 new divisions
•	Scholarships will be set up for 4 girls
BBB/CCC District:
•	1 training event for the 5 Ward Councillors and Officers in 5 Divisions—20 participants
•	2 training events for 3 Wards of Kilindi District with a total of 40 participants
Area B	•	ToP training has been implemented in the Youth as Facilitative Leaders programmes. Young people are provided training in Group Facilitation, and Participatory Strategic Planning.	
Area C	•	ToP training has been implemented in the Youth as Facilitative Leaders programmes. Young people are provided training in Group Facilitation, and Participatory Strategic Planning.
	
Area F	•	Offered 24 training sessions in Leadership Facilitation Skills for community work. 
•	Throughout 2005, provided additional courses in Strategic Planning, Training of Facilitator Trainers, Participatory Project Management and Group Facilitation.	





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	 <td><textarea name='proptitle' style='border-style: solid; border-width:1px; border-color: white white white white;width:125px;height:300px' id='proptitle' >Orphans and Vulnerable Children Project </textarea></td>
	 <td><textarea name='short' style='border-style: solid; border-width:1px; border-color: white white white white;width:175px;height:300px' id='short' >To identify distressed communities with special focus on children, provide material relief, enhance  community coping strategies and contribute towards the National Response to the HIV and AIDS pandemic and the National Plan of Action for Orphans and Vulnerable Children in a cultural and gender sensitive way </textarea></td>
     <td><textarea name='description' style='border-style: solid; border-width:1px; border-color: black black black black;width:400px;height:300px' id='description' >Orphans and Vulnerable Children Project

Motivation * 
The Projects was registered as a local non-governmental organization in 1994 as No 13/94 under the former Welfare Organisations Act, now the Private Organisations Act. The city is now designated as a province and this has meant that The Project regularises its operations with the relevant local government bodies. The Project has formally advised these authorities and has been granted permission to operate in four high-density suburbs.


Mission
 “To identify distressed communities with special focus on children, provide material relief, enhance  community coping strategies and contribute towards the National Response to the HIV and AIDS pandemic and the National Plan of Action for Orphans and Vulnerable Children in a cultural and gender sensitive way”.

The distressed communities that The Project works with are characterised by absolute poverty, displacement, prevalence of HIV and AIDS, limited access to basic facilities of water and sanitation, education, shelter, health, food and gender based violence. The Projects initial response to distressed communities is through relief and gradually building on the already existing capacity of the communities to handle life’s challenges on their own.

2.2b. Motivation *

The intention of The Project’s mission statement is fairly clear. The statement addresses:
•	The target group The Project serves
•	The needs of the target group, and
•	The means/ways those needs are to be met.

Target group: The target group that The Project works with consists of distressed communities, with special focus on orphaned and vulnerable children.
Needs: The needs of the target group are basically of a humanitarian nature; including access to shelter, food, sanitation, education, security from sexual abuse, and health, with special focus on relief from and prevention of HIV/AIDS.
Means: The Project seeks to meet the needs of distressed communities by, in the first instance, providing immediate relief, and then gradually building the capacities of the communities to cope with life’s challenges.

However, by stating that part of the mission is to contribute to
•	the National Response to the HIV and AIDS pandemic, and
•	the National Plan of Action for Orphans and Vulnerable children,
the mission statement is premised on the assumption that the readers of the statement are familiar with the two documents.

The Project’s mission statement addresses legitimate needs of poor distressed communities with a focus on the most vulnerable, namely children. 

The statement approaches the needs of the target group in a relevant way. The immediate need of distressed communities is relief. In the longer term, however, the appropriate answer to the communities’ needs is to build capacity to cope with life’s challenges. The statement therefore spells out how The Project intends to work with the target communities towards reducing their poverty and helplessness, while enhancing community coping mechanisms. 

In addition to complementing the National Response to HIV and AIDS, and the National Plan of Action for Orphans and Vulnerable Children, The Project is also responding to the Millennium Development Goals. The conditions that characterise the distressed communities that The Project works with are symptoms of the underlying problem of poverty. The Project’s tenets of poverty reduction and enhancing community coping mechanisms reflect its humanitarian-oriented focus for the satisfaction of the needs of distressed communities.   


Strategy
THE PROJECT  had a strategic planning workshop in 2001 where it sought to introduce The Project staff to the critical components of the strategic plan and the tools for its development. The result of the workshop was an agreement by The Project staff to develop strategies for each program including the key result areas in line with the revised vision and mission.

In 2005, in response to Operation Restore Order, another strategic planning workshop was held. This workshop resulted in the current strategic plan whose framework is outlined below: 

Broad Goal: To identify distressed communities with special focus on children, provide material relief, enhance community coping strategies and contribute towards the National Plan of Action for Orphans and Vulnerable Children, the Millennium Development Goals and the National Response to the HIV and AIDS pandemic in a cultural and gender sensitive manner”.

Sub Goals:

1. To contribute to improved quality of life for OVC in High Density suburbs
2. To foster community response to HIV and AIDS using various strategies for prevention, care and management.
3. To improve livelihoods and economic empowerment of disadvantaged communities
4. To provide Participatory Health and Hygiene Education as well as provision of safe potable water and waste disposal systems of disadvantaged communities.

Instruments:

For each sub-goal there is a comprehensive Programme which act as an instrument for the achievement of the strategy. The programmes are outlined below:
Sub-goal No.	Sub-goal	Programme
1.	To contribute to improved quality of life for OVC in High Density suburbs	Psychosocial Support Programme
2	To foster community response to HIV and AIDS using various strategies for prevention, care and management	HIV and AIDS Programme
3	To improve livelihoods and economic empowerment of disadvantaged communities	Livelihoods Programme
4	To provide Participatory Health and Hygiene Education as well as provision of safe potable water and waste disposal systems of disadvantaged communities	Emergency Water and Sanitation Programme

 Each programme seeks to address the described objective, but they all contribute synergistically to the achievement of the Organisation’s mission. To ensure effectiveness of the instruments there is a Monitoring and Evaluation Unit for all programmes.
 
Expected Results/Achievements.

Below is a list of the expected results/ achievements of the mission by using the outlined strategy:
Sub-goal No.	Programme	Expected results/ achievements
1.	Psychosocial Support Programme	1.	Increased access to quality education by orphans and other vulnerable children
2.	Improved community child protection mechanisms/ channels
3.	Equipped community management structures on child protection issues
4.	Improved psychosocial support and life skills for OVC 
2	HIV and AIDS Programme	1.	Improved community responses to HIV and AIDS
2.	Increased access to HIV and AIDS information and prevention services
3.	Improved community based care and management of PLWA
3	Livelihoods Programme	1.	Improved nutritional status of OVC in High density suburbs.
2.	 Increased enrollment, attendance, retention and concentration of OVC in school 
3.	Improved sources of livelihoods for vulnerable communities with special focus on OVC
4	Emergency Water and Sanitation Programme	1.	Improved and easy access to safe water and sanitation facilities by vulnerable communities especially women and OVC
2.	Increased health and hygiene information and practices by the community.
3.	Safe and healthy environment
To ensure the achievement of organisational objectives, material, financial and human resources are allocated to the programmes. The allocation of human resources to the programmes is covered in section 7 of this document.

3.2a. Assess the quality of the operationalisation of the mission into goals, sub-goals, outputs (select an option). *

Highly Satisfactory

3.2b. Motivation *

There is a clear logical flow from the Organisation’s mission into goals, sub-goals and expected results/ outputs. The outputs that are achieved through specified programmes/ instruments collectively represent the measure of the achievement of the mission of the Organisation.

The logical linkages of goals, sub-goals and programmes facilitate the effective and efficient allocation of material, financial and human resources.


4. External factors and relations
4.1a. How is the functioning of the organisation influenced by external factors? (select an option) *
 
Likely

4.1b. Motivation *
THE PROJECT  is operating in an environment characterised by spiralling inflation, politically sensitive issues, gender based violence, high morbidity and mortality.

Economic environment: The Country  an economy is currently characterised by economic recession, high unemployment and hyper-inflationary conditions. This affects The Project in two principal ways, namely;
a)	The economic conditions increase the plight of the distressed communities and consequently the demand for the services of the organisation.
b)	 Increases in the organisation’s operational costs place a heavy strain on financial resources. Budgetary planning is based on official exchange rates, whilst inflationary pressures are driven by parallel market exchange rates. This is further exacerbated by the fact that implementation is staggered and during the process the cost of materials and services will be spiralling.

Social environment: The economic environment has direct social effects on the distressed communities. Distressed communities, who are already marginalized by the economic conditions of poverty, unemployment and hyper-inflation, are also affected by HIV and AIDS, gender violence, family breakdowns, inadequate basic facilities, especially education and health. At the operational level this presents a challenge in that almost everyone amongst the target communities becomes vulnerable. Besides placing a strain on the financial resources of the organisation, these conditions also reduce the volunteer base of the organisation. Everyone is fighting for basic economic survival.

Political environment: The target groups are victims of Operation Restore Order, which involved the relocation of communities into areas with minimal infrastructure. Their new areas of residence are politically sensitive.
 However, The Project has been granted permission to work in these areas.



THE PROJECT  is an implementing organisation. It does not use counterparts to fulfil its objectives.

The Project’s partners are the communities that it works with and organisations that are operating in the same area.  Attached is information describing the organisations and their activities; see table A1. 
THE PROJECT  is the secretariat to The Country   Network for Informal Settlement Action, a coordinating body of organisations working in informal settlements for advocacy, networking, information sharing and avoiding duplication.  
 

The Project’s public support base is the local community structures.

In Community One, the following structures exist; 
•	Child Protection Committee, which counsels children, selects beneficiaries for educational assistance and educates the community on issues to do with child protection for the Psychosocial Support programme.  It also looks out for child abuse cases. 

•	Home Based Carers that are involved in the care and management of the HIV and AIDS infected and affected.
 
•	Youth Peer Educators who are involved in issues of counselling, reproductive health, income generating activities, selection of beneficiaries and awareness campaigns.  Both the Psychosocial Support & the HIV & AIDS programmes work with Peer Educators.
•	Water and Sanitation Committee oversees the Water and Sanitation activities at grassroots level. It monitors the provision of adequate, clean and potable water and sanitation facilities as well as promotes health and hygiene education to the community. This committee is also responsible for the operation, maintenance and monitoring of facilities and is involved in the selection of CABA as per agreed criteria. 

•	Pre-School Committee is a team of volunteers that coordinates activities for the pre-schools. It negotiates and determines minimal fees, maintains temporary pre-school structures, represents pre-schools at networking meetings and jointly with other community structures identifies OVC as per agreed criteria. 
      The local community selected all these structures.

Community Two
The Project is faced by a daunting challenge of political interference. The committee was selected by the administration. However, The Project will endeavour to target our beneficiaries within each programme using the former community structures of HBC providers, Youth Peer Educator and Pre-school committees. These structures used to provide the same services as are being provided for by the community structures. 

The communities participate not only in the implementation of programmes but also in monitoring and evaluation.


Motivation *
THE PROJECT  is operating in an environment characterised by spiralling inflation, politically sensitive issues, gender based violence, high morbidity and mortality.

Economic environment: The The Country  an economy is currently characterised by economic recession, high unemployment and hyper-inflationary conditions. This affects The Project in two principal ways, namely;
c)	The economic conditions increase the plight of the distressed communities and consequently the demand for the services of the organisation.
d)	 Increases in the organisation’s operational costs place a heavy strain on financial resources. Budgetary planning is based on official exchange rates, whilst inflationary pressures are driven by parallel market exchange rates. This is further exacerbated by the fact that implementation is staggered and during the process the cost of materials and services will be spiralling.

Social environment: The economic environment has direct social effects on the distressed communities. Distressed communities, who are already marginalized by the economic conditions of poverty, unemployment and hyper-inflation, are also affected by HIV and AIDS, gender violence, family breakdowns, inadequate basic facilities, especially education and health. At the operational level this presents a challenge in that almost everyone amongst the target communities becomes vulnerable. Besides placing a strain on the financial resources of the organisation, these conditions also reduce the volunteer base of the organisation. Everyone is fighting for basic economic survival.

Political environment: The target groups are victims of Operation Restore Order, which involved the relocation of communities into areas with minimal infrastructure. Their new areas of residence are politically sensitive.
 However, The Project has been granted permission to work in these areas.

THE PROJECT  is an implementing organisation. It does not use counterparts to fulfil its objectives.
Psyshosocial Support Programme: Before Operation Restore Order / Murambatsvina the Psyshosocial Support programme facilitated the establishment of pre-schools and informal schools in peri-urban informal settlements. Pre-school teachers and informal school teachers were trained on how to communicate with children and on basic counselling skills.  Schools started on an infomal basis but were later registered and fully staffed by the ministry of education.

OVC were equipped with life skills through Pychosocial Support camps and workshops.

Previously trained preschool teachers mobilised resources and initiated the establishment of pre-schools.  The Project moved in to support them through training, pre-school feeding, the setting up of temporary structures and provision of sanitation facilities.

A knitting project targeting girl children was established. Through this project girls learnt knitting skills. The Project used this as a forum for the girls to discuss reproductive health issues.  

OVC and PLWAS received targeted food baskets and hygiene kits. 

Over the years The Project has provided educational support to OVC in High Density communities. Currently The Project is providing educational support to 598 OVC.  

The Project has provided  community members with life skills and survival skills.

HIV and AIDS Programme: Under the HIV and AIDS programme The Project provided youths with HIV and AIDS information and trained them in puppetry, theatre and arts. The youth, in turn, trained their communities through song, dance and drama.

One The Project Officer was in New York for five days to share experiences on Children and HIV and AIDS with Inter-Faith organisations.  

Peer exchange programmes took place in 2003-2005 in three countries and The Country on HIV and AIDS awareness and prevention.  Three youths, accompanied by one officer, attended each exchange in the three countries.

In 2006, one officer took four youths and two Home Based Care providers to Kenya to learn about Home Based Care under an organisation called GROOTS-KENYA.  The programme produces a youth magazine bi-annually, whose articles are written by the youths.  The programme also has a Home Based Care team.

To date 22 People Living With Aids (PLWA) were referred to the Clinic, a clinic that treats opportunistic infections and which also provides counselling and anti-retroviral drugs.  Six people are already on Anti-Retroviral-Therapy (ART).

The youths were also equipped with business skills that they are using in their income generating projects (phone shop project, knitting project for girls, candle and soap selling project).

Both the Psychosocial Support and the HIV and AIDS programmes work with the Youth Peer Educators in issues of counselling, reproductive health, income generating activities, selection of beneficiaries and awareness campaigns. 

Motivation
The strategic approach of The Project is designed to ensure the sustainability of the impact of the organisation’s activities. Inevitably, the initial intervention of The Project is the provision of immediate relief. Thereafter, The Project works on gradually building the capacity of the community to cope with life’s challenges. 

Three factors help to make the impact of The Project’s activities operationally and financially sustainable;
•	The Project’s activities are community based and participatory. As discussed under 4.4 the various community based groups and committees are involved in the implementation and evaluation of the organisation’s programmes.
•	THE PROJECT  provides community members with relevant training in order to achieve changes in values and attitudes and to impart skills. The Project holds workshops to disseminate information to selected groups on such issues as children’s rights, and HIV and AIDS. The relevant community groups and committees, in their turn, pass on the information to their communities. For instance, The Project trained volunteers are involved in the early childhood development programme in the pre-school centres. The Project trained Child Protection Committee members educate the community on issues to do with child protection. Trained youth educators are involved in providing communities with information on HIV and AIDS. The Project also facilitate life skills training of community members.
•	THE PROJECT  facilitates the starting of income generating activities, which reduce dependence on handouts. The introduction of income generating projects has reduced the number of idle youths


XX6. Structure & Culture

The Board is the principal policy making body of the organisation. As the Chief Executive Officer of the organisation, the Director is the link between the Board and the Secretariat.  The principal management functions in the organisation are;
•	Programmes (including programme monitoring and evaluation), and
•	Finance and Administration.
Programmes and Finance and Administration are each headed by a manager. Programme Officers responsible for Psychosocial Support, Aids and HIV, Livelihoods, and Monitoring and Evaluations, as well as 2 Project Officers for water and sanitation, report to the Programme Manager. Appendix 2 shows details of the formal organisation structure of the project.

The Project operates through a network of committees and volunteers, who serve as an extension of The Project’s formal organisation structure. See appendix A.

Management Style

THE PROJECT  pursues a participatory management style, which allows staff members to contribute to matters of management.  Communications are open and hierarchical. The Director practices an open door policy. The Project’s organisational culture is based on teamwork and professionalism. This provides room for multiskilling that is important since all programmes interlink. The team acts in utmost good faith and practises transparency. For effective programming the programme staff including the Controller/ Office Manager and the Director meets every Monday to review progress, share lessons learnt, discuss challenges faced and together forge the way forward. Synergies among programmes are deliberated on and complimenting of programmes achieved while avoiding duplication.  A Staff Welfare Committee, which represents the concerns of all The Project staff, is in place. The Board takes a hands-on approach and is highly involved in providing guidance to the organisation. Funding partners also give guidance and support to the project.


6.3b Motivation

The organisational structure is clear and each post has a defined job description. Every officer is conversant with his/her role within the organisation and at community level. However, the synergies of programmes allow for versatility.  The organisational structure is based on the needs of the partner communities which translate into the programmes. In turn, the organisational goals mirror and fulfil the aspirations of the community. The Project’s democratic management style of open door policy, professionalism and teamwork allows for programme staff to freely contribute their expertise to programme implementation. The Project’s culture of teamwork has prepared its staff to become multiskilled and be able to rise up to any challenges. 


Inputs

Function/Position	Number in position	Current Holder	Qualifications/ Training courses
Director	1	one	Masters in Social Work, bachelor of Social Work, Diploma in Social Work/ Leadership and Management development, Computer training, SEDAW and Gender training, Child Protagonism, Juvenile Justice training, VIPP, Human rights approach to programming, PRA training, Community Capacity Building Training.
Programme Manager	1	Vacant	Minimum requirements: A Social Science degree and at least five years working experience, 2 of which should be at management level. Diploma in Human Resources Management is an added advantage. Should a team member and developer. Should have outstanding analytical and conceptual skills and demonstrated organizational effectiveness at a strategic and operational level.
Office Manager/ Financial controller	1	two	Advanced Diploma in Financial Accounting and Economics, Intermediate Certificate in Business Management, Fellow institute of International bookkeepers Limited (UK).
Accounting Assistant	1	Vacant	Minimum requirements: Five O levels plus two A levels, Advanced bookkeeping qualification. Working towards attaining professional qualification such as IAC, CIS or B. Com. Experience in an NGO environment.
HIV &AIDS Programme Officer	1	three	Bachelor of Education Degree, Diploma in Project Management, Certificate in HIV and AIDS care and Management, Certificate in Counselling, Diploma in Youth work, Certificate in child counselling, HIV/AIDS VCT for PMTCT programme, Facilitator’s course in HIV/AIDS behaviour change, Regional Training on Traditional Medicine and other Alternative therapies in HIV/AIDS Prevention and Care.
Psychosocial Support Programme Officer	1	four	Bachelor of Education degree in Education, Administration, Planning and Policy Studies, Diploma in family Therapy, Diploma in Training Management, Certificate in Child Counselling, Facilitator’s Certificate in HIV & AIDS behaviour change programme, HIV/AIDS Lifeskills and Gender
Livelihoods Programme Officer	1	Five	Diploma in Health and Adult Education, Diploma in Counselling, Diploma in Nutritional care and support, for PLWA, Certificate in food inspection, Child counselling and development, Project Management and Leadership course. 
Monitoring and Evaluation Programme Officer	1	Six	Bachelor of Science in Health Education and Health Promotion, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Training for Health Professionals, Diploma in Training Management, Project cycle management course. Monitoring tools in reproductive health programmes
Water and sanitation Project Officer (Emergency)	2	Seven and Eight	1.	Post Graduate Diploma in water Supply and Sanitation, Certificate in Application of Gender and Poverty Analysis tools for water supplies and Sanitation.
2.	Bachelor of Science (Hons) in Land and Water Resources Management, Post Graduate Diploma in Water Supply and Sanitation.
Assistant Monitoring and Evaluation Officer (temporary)	1	Nine	BSc Honours degree in Agricultural Economics and Development, Project Cycle management course, School Feeding Implementation Course, Computer courses. 
Reports Officer (temporary)	1	Ten	BSc honours Degree in Education, Computer Courses, Training in  Administration and Analysis of monitoring tools –CARE, School Feeding Implementation Course 
Receptionist	1	Eleven	Private Secretarial Diploma, Certificate in wages and Payroll Administration.
Messenger	1	Twelve	Driver’s Licence, Motor Maintenance training, Computer Literacy
THE PROJECT  presently employs 12 members of staff.

The above have several years practical experiences in the jobs.

To build organisational capacity, The Project has adopted a training culture. Staff members attend one refresher course per year to improve their skills and job knowledge. Members of staff have been trained in many areas including palliative care, child protection, advocacy, code of conduct for humanitarian workers, conflict and stress management, documentation and dissemination. Consequently, members of staff possess diverse skills in administration, programming, monitoring and evaluation.
THE PROJECT  is operating from rented premises. Some members of staff share an office.  

All members of staff have the office furniture and fittings required for their operations.  

Each member of staff has a computer. All, except four of these computers are old models with low capacity. Members of staff have restricted internet services, but each member is on full time email.

THE PROJECT  has two old vehicles.



DONOR	Year 2006
US $	Year 2005 US $	Year 2004 US $	Year 2003 US $	Year 2002
US $

Brought fwd	  31,508.09	    3,277.84	  44,111.16	 117,251.50	   174,195.20
Administration	(15,494.00)	   19,645.86	 (28,326.25)	130,504.85	1,391,427.13
Donor 1	  12,801.46	        245.85	  (5,003.92)	  29,746.61	     18,445.50
Donor 2	   (2,983.42)	     2,111.30	  37,142.99	  20,123.28	     58,662.85
Donor 3	   (139.78)	        (82.56)        		  18,749.49	
Donor 4	11,350.67	      (200.04)			
Donor 5		          (2.01)	   (4,376.92)		
Donor 6	   1408.22	          87.29	          10.86	    9,926.42	    55,205.53
Donor 7					       7,684.66
Donor 8		       (186.45)	     4,773.68	    6,981.45	      6,0582.11
Donor 9	70,662.03	    12,797.33	   (3,611.58)		
Donor 10					         6,018.69
Donor 11	(5,108.94)				
Donor 12					             (22.43)
Donor 13				   8.568.63	       (15,324.43)
TOTAL US$	104,005.00	    37,694.41	     44,720.00	341,852.00	  1,756,874.83

 The Projects annual staff and overhead budget is currently standing at US$5,044

-FINANCIAL RATIOS:(Liquidity /Solvency)
Credit risk in respect of receivables are limited because The Project does not have any trade customers.  It is a non profit organization and therefore does not trade for profit making. All donations received are earmarked for specific prgrammes. The liquidity/solvency rations for the year 2005 are indicated in the table below;

Finanacial ratios for 2005
  
Accumulated fund	local$3,188,478,580
Liabilities	  local$104,092,386
Current assets	local$3,280,381,943
Liquidity ratio:current asstes /current liabilities	
31.51 :1
Solvency ratio: total asstes /total liabilities	1:1
	
In terms of liquidity the organisation was able to meet its finances.
Solvency ratio is one to one  which indicates  a break even situation for the organisation.

The table below shows the main sources of income during the last 3 to 5 years.

Main sources of income during the last 3 to 5 years are as follows:

DONOR	Year 2006
US $	Year 2005 US $	Year 2004 US $	Year 2003 US $	Year 2002 US $

Donor 1	  18,723.00	  3,487.00
	29,323.00	   33,778.00	  31,555.39
Donor 2		5,814.00	 43,282.00	   33,158.00	         132,874.33
Donor 3	      4,163.00	  6,987.00	      827.00	      10,300.00	            146,127.37
Donor 4			     7,999.00	      10,169.00	
Donor 5	     95,665.00	28,167.00	   25,940.00	      10,220.00	
Donor 6	       2,487.00	     704.00	     9,903.00	    15,518.00	    55,595.35
Donor 7					  100,083.19
Donor 8					     47,333.09
Donor 9		   2,038.00	   15,104.00	    11,365.00	      80,249.61
Donor 10				   37,499.00	
Donor 11	    13,799.00	    325.00	     423.00	     4,377.00	
Donor 12	     16,619.00	   5,485.00			
TOTALUS$	    151,457.00	53,007.00	 132,801.00	  166,385.00	     593,818.00

7.4b. Motivation *
The present staff compliment of 12 has been managing to implement The Project’s programmes after Operation Restore Order. However, as programming expands (if funding permits), there will be need to gradually increase to a compliment of 15. 

THE PROJECT  does not have certain items of equipment required by staff to implement programmes. These include modern computers, laptop, camera, scanner, flipchart stand, TV and VCR.

Present funding is inadequate, provided on a short-term basis and continuously eroded by inflation 


Monitoring, evaluation and quality management
THE PROJECT  has a Monitoring and Evaluation Unit that serves all programmes. To facilitate routine monitoring, appropriate tools are designed to capture specified indicators and programme activities. 

Routine field visits and spot checks are also done by programme staff while maintaining constant communication between the community, stakeholders and Funding Partners.  

THE PROJECT  staff holds weekly progress meetings.

THE PROJECT  staff also attends monthly Committee meetings in areas of Water and Sanitation, Education, Child Protection, Nutrition, Health and District AIDS Action. These meetings go a long way towards networking and coordination at Inter Agency level. The unit also participates in inter-agency intervention mapping exercises.

 Each programme has an established database with a comprehensive input -output and impact monitoring strategy. The input -output and impact-monitoring sheet encourages and ensures accountable performance of programmes and is one of the key features of a management of information system. In addition to the input -output and impact-monitoring sheet, specific activities are captured on standardised formats with focus on key programme indicators or milestones of programme progress. Reports are also produced after workshops and trainings. Together these ensure accurate and realistic reporting of programme achievements.

THE PROJECT  is direct implementing agency. It is not, therefore, an intermediate organisation, which operates through counterpart organisations.

8.3b. Motivation *

The monitoring and evaluation system that is in place is effective in tracking programme indicators right from inputs to outputs and this goes a long way in ensuring accountable performance of programmes. This is supported by the presence of specific tools to capture useful information from inputs to outputs –see supporting documents for Internal Monitoring and Evaluation. The existing system also encourages coordination at inter-agency level through intervention mapping exercises.


Xx. Financial and administrative management
THE PROJECT  acquires financial resouces in the form of donations from its Funding Partners. The allocations of these financial resources are initially contained in the budget sections of relevant Project Proposal documents, and ultimately reflected in the Memorandums of Agreement. For each year, the budgets for resources from different Funding Partners are summarised in the aggegate annual budget for the organisation.

The Project creates accounting codes for each donor funded project as agreed in the Donor funded budget contained in the Memorandum of Agreement It uses  projects cost centres as a basis of cost allocation, therefore all project expenses are allocated to specific programme areas.
The Financial Management of The Project is governed by a formal Financial Procedures Manual, which contains;
•	Buying Procedures
•	Payment Procedures
•	Cash Book and Bank Reconciliation Procedures
•	Monthly Management Reports
•	Asset Register Accounting
•	Motor Vehicle Administration.

Before the purchase of goods or services, an internal purchase requisition must be raised and approved. A major consideration on whether an item of expenditure should be approved is whether it was provided for in the budget. After approval, depending on the nature and value involved, three quotations must be sourced from suppliers. An internal tender committee will recommend a suitable supplier and forward it to the Director for endorsement. Then an order is be placed.

As part of the budgetary control phase of the whole Budgetary Control Planning and Control System, The Project includes Variance Reports in its Monthly Management Reports.  If, as a result of the prevailing hyperinflationary conditions, prices rise to amounts that exceed the budget, the Donor will be informed of the proposed course of action.

THE PROJECT  prepares Monthly Management Accounts for management use.  The major component of the accounts are;
•	Consolidated Income and Expenditure Account, and
•	Individual Income and Expenditure Accounts for the activities funded by different Funding Partners.

At quarterly intervals, The Project prepares prepares Quarterly Financial Reports for the Board. As with the Monthly Management Accounts, the Quarterly Financial Reports contain;
•	Consolidated Income and Expenditure Accounts, and
•	Individual Income and Expenditure Accounts for the activities funded by different Funding Partners.

On an annual basis, The Project prepares a full set of Financial Statements, containing;
•	The Balance Sheet
•	Consolidated Income and Expenditure Account
•	Individual Income and Expenditure Accounts for activities funded by different Funding Partners
•	Cash Flow Statement
•	Notes to Financial Statements including Accounting Policy Notes and Supporting Schedules.

THE PROJECT  also prepares financial reports as and when they are required by individual Funding Partners. The contents of any such reports depend on the specifications of the Funding Partner.

On an annual basis, a firm of Chartered Accountants conducts a financial audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements of the organisation are free from material mistatement. In addition to reviewing the existance and effective operation of the organisation’s internal control system, the firm of Chartered Accountants examines relevant financial records. After the audit the firm prepares two documents;
•	A Management Report on Accounting and Internal Control issues that require management attention. In this report the auditors state their findings from the audit and make their recommendations. Management responds to the auditors’ comments and recommendations.
•	The Report of Independent Auditors, which forms part of the organisation’s Annual Financial Report.

THE PROJECT  has generally responded positively to the auditors’ comments and recommendations contained in the auditors Management Report. In their Report in the Annual Financial Statements, the Independent Auditors have for the past five years pointed out that the Financial Statements have not been prepared in terms of International Accounting Standard (IAS) 29 “Financial Reporting in Hyperinflationary Economies”. 

9.2b. Motivation *
THE PROJECT  has a strong Financial Management System.

The existence of a Financial Procedure Manual ensures that important financial procedures are documented. This promotes efficiency and facilitates transparency. An important part of the external audit procedures is checking on the adequacy and compliance to the laid down procedures.

The organisation’s Budgetary Planning and Control System helps to ensure that expenditure is contained within the limits of the budget. In the current hyperinflationary environment, this poses challenges. Reaching previous budget targets has been difficult because, in the current The Country  an economy, price levels are determined by parallel market exchange rates yet the organisation’s budgets are calculated using the official rate. 

The organisation’s reporting system facilitates transparency and accountability to various stakeholders. Financial reports accompany every programme narrative report, for example quarterly reports.  All programme funds have separate accounts and adequate control exist to avoid cross programme financing.

The external auditors provide an independent review of the operation of the financial management system. One major external audit is done for all programmes yearly while one donor does a specific project audit.  No single source provides more than 25% of funding.  Currently funding is available for short-term costs and medium term funding strategy exists.

The Financial Planning System is useful to management to the extent that managers, other than the Financial Manager, are financially literate. The average manager, and The Project managers are no exception, needs this training.  

10. Overall assessment of the organisational capacity

Motivation *
Overall, The Project has a sound organisational capacity in the areas of;
•	Planning
•	Organisation
•	Operations
•	Monitoring and Evaluation, and
•	Financial and Administrative Management.

The Project’s mission statement is relevant in the current economic, social and political environment. It addresses identified needs of its partner communities The timely response of The Project to its target communities’ emergency situations is evidence the clarity of its mission in operation. 

The organisation’s mission is logically translated into sub-objectives, which are in turn operationalised into programmes. The current strategic plan therefore, guides The Project’s activities as it strives to achieve its goals

The organisation’s functions (including programmes) are logically translated into the organisation’s structure. The Project’s structure, management style and culture provide a conducive environment for professional development and effective programming. 

The organisation has trained dedicated members of staff who, with continuous training and experience should continuously improve in their performance. The multi skilling culture of The Project helps facilitates the integration of the organisation’s operations. 

THE PROJECT  has the basic resources for its operations. The current hyperinflationary economic conditions pose challenges to the organisation. One way in which the organisation has adapted to the economic environment, and in the process help in fostering sustainability, is by heavily involving the communities.

THE PROJECT  has sound elements of Monitoring and Evaluation, and Financial and Administrative Management Systems. The extent to which these systems serve the organisation is a function of how they are accepted and used by line managers.
THE PROJECT  is already working in these operational areas and has already been granted permission to work there. No pre- conditions should be fulfilled before approving this project. However the organisation should be working towards renewing its equipment (computers and cars). Funds permitting the vacant posts should be filled inn.   

11. Sources
This document was filled in using information supplied by The Project staff members.

Documents Used
1.	THE PROJECT  (1994) Certificate of Registration
2.	THE PROJECT  Constitution
3.	THE PROJECT  Financial Regulations
4.	THE PROJECT  Conditions of service
5.	THE PROJECT  Code of conduct
6.	THE PROJECT  (2003) Child Welfare Programme In Peri – Urban Informal Settlements of The Country  
7.	THE PROJECT  (2005) The HIV/AIDS Awareness Programme Evaluation
8.	THE PROJECT  (2006) Responding to the Psychosocial Needs of CABA in The Country High Density Suburbs.
9.	The Research Alliance (2003) Evaluation Report on Peri – Urban Resettlements in The City  .
10.	Consultants (2000) An Evaluation of the First Year of the the projects`s Aid Educational Programme 
11.	The Project Financial Statements
12.	Internal Programme Evaluation: Child Welfare: Peri – Urban Informal Settlements.
13.	Responding to the Psychosocial Needs of CABA In The Country  : Case of High Density Suburbs, June, 2006 


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	 <td><textarea name='proptitle' style='border-style: solid; border-width:1px; border-color: white white white white;width:125px;height:300px' id='proptitle' >Food Aid and Food Security 
Programme for The country        </textarea></td>
	 <td><textarea name='short' style='border-style: solid; border-width:1px; border-color: white white white white;width:175px;height:300px' id='short' >This project will start by addressing the immediate food needs of 500 PLWHA in the target area. Due to the numerous demands on the resources of PLWHA, maintenance of a balanced diet is not often  considered priority. Yet, diet is one of the key elements for success in ART and prolonged life for PLWHA. For purposes of cost effectiveness, PLWHA and their families will be encouraged to consider already familiar indigenous local foods that have proven nutritive value.  The CFSP will also establish and strengthen local community based structures to lead in issues of nutrition, care and prevention and other services at community level.        </textarea></td>
     <td><textarea name='description' style='border-style: solid; border-width:1px; border-color: black black black black;width:400px;height:300px' id='description' > Food Aid and Food Security 
Programme for The country

Deadline for receipt of applications: 2nd October, 2006



CONCEPT NOTE 

. 

1. Summary of the action
Please provide the following information:
1.1	Brief description of the proposed action

The UNDP report of 2003 indicated that about 73% of all The citizens live below the official poverty line. On average more than 70% of The citizens are classified as poor while more than 63% are living on less than US$1 per day. In rural areas 83% of the people are poor and 71% are extremely poor. 

Many of the poorest people live in female headed households affected by HIV/AIDS. The prevalence rate is high currently at 16% affecting the most productive age group of between 15 to 49 years (NAC, 2002). Due to HIV/AIDS the number of widows and orphans and the chronically ill has increased considerably. The extended family system is no longer capable of handling the huge burden presented upon it by the impact of HIV/AIDS. HIV Positive people do not have access to healthy diets and the dietary options are limited. This means that positive people cannot live longer and their families end up in destitute or dying before their time.

This project will be implemented in The district of Southern Province. The population of Southern Province is 1,212,124 out of which 203,219 are in District. The prevalence rate for Southern province is currently at 16.2% ranks as the third highest in The country after Capital city and Copperbelt Provinces (NAC The country HIV/AIDS estimates, 2004). District is one of the most densely populated areas in Southern Province and according to estimates of 2004 from the National AIDS Council, District was the second highest in terms of HIV prevalence of 22.5% with a total number of 25,024 people second only to Livingstone. The overall poverty levels of Southern Province are high at 76% (CSO – living conditions in The country, 1998) while 59% of the people are classified extremely poor. 

The project is targeting an area north of The district called 2nd district. The target area is bound to the east by the Highway, and the Highway passes right through the community. The proximity of 2nd district to the main road makes the area vulnerable to the spread of HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases. This area appears to be particularly hard hit due to its geographical location and high poverty levels. Many small traders come to this area to sell second hand clothes and other merchandise and in the process end up mingling with people. These transient travellers and truckers take advantage of the poor farmers and expose them to HIV/AIDS. This has resulted into many HIV/AIDS patients.

This project will start by addressing the immediate food needs of 500 PLWHA in the target area. Due to the numerous demands on the resources of PLWHA, maintenance of a balanced diet is not often  considered priority. Yet, diet is one of the key elements for success in ART and prolonged life for PLWHA. For purposes of cost effectiveness, PLWHA and their families will be encouraged to consider already familiar indigenous local foods that have proven nutritive value.

The CFSP will also establish and strengthen local community based structures to lead in issues of nutrition, care and prevention and other services at community level. The project aims at inculcating a spirit of volunteerism among the target community. A volunteer from t ICA will be attached to the project. Strong linkages that already exist between the project and permanent service providers will be strengthened. These include Ministry of Health (MoH), District HIV/AIDS Task Force (DATF), Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives (MACO) etc.

In terms of the long term, the project will impart technical skills in family members of PLWHA to enable them produce adequate amounts of food on a sustainable basis. Training in sustainable agriculture will be provided and linkages made with the MACO.

To further secure the livelihoods of PLWHA, the project will impart entrepreneurship and marketing skills in the target group and link those that require additional finances to microfinance institutions that are already operating in the province.

2. Relevance:
Please describe the following: 
2.1	How relevant is your proposal to the needs and constraints of the target country(ies) or region?
2.2	What are the problems to be resolved and the needs to be met? 

The action will initially make available to PLWHA food through food aid. This is in order to enable HIV patients improve their nutritional status and thereby improve the uptake and effectiveness of ARVs. The action will also promote both conservation farming and proven sustainable agriculture methods which are less labour intensive in order to improve sustainable food production and ensure availability of food throughout the year. The action will promote crop diversification to match nutritional needs of HIV/AIDS. The project will work with an associate organisation who are experts at biodiversity and have studied nutritive values of traditional food crops which are easy and cheap to grow, process and prepare. 

The integration of food aid with actual sustainable food security which includes cultivation of traditional food crops and a home-grown home based care program are priorities of this project. This action presents an opportunity for vast impact and with massive ramifications such as fewer people contracting AIDS, fewer sick people, and therefore more PLWHA working and supporting their families and contributing to the local economy. There will be fewer families with HIV/AIDS patients, fewer orphans, positive change in behaviour and less call on already stretched health services. This Action is designed to enable resource-poor people create wealth that will facilitate the on-going implementation of further development activities and broaden their food base. 

The project will also build sufficient capacity among the target group to enable them carry on initiatives started during the duration of the project. To this end, local structures will be facilitated in home based care, agriculture and nutrition. The project will also build strong links between the target group and local permanent service providers hospital, Ministry of Health and Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives to mention but a few.

2.3	Who are the actors involved (final beneficiaries, target groups)?
The specific target community is 2nd district area. The direct beneficiaries from 2nd district area will be 500 PLWHA and the indirect beneficiaries will be the families of these 500 PLWHA making up a total of 3,000 people. (using the The countryn average of 6 persons per family)

2.4	What are the objectives and expected results?

The objectives of the project are:

•	To improve the nutritional status of PLWHA through food aid in order to improve the uptake and effectiveness of ART
•	To create and strengthen community based structures and groups for sustained care and support for PLWHA and their families
•	To increase food diversity and security for families with PLWHA on a sustainable basis
•	To reduce the socio-economic impact of HIV/AIDS among PLWHA and their families through the implementation of appropriate income earning initiatives

Expected results are: 

•	At least 200 people will undergo VCT 
•	At least 250 PLWHA will be linked to appropriate authorities for ART
•	At least 75% of the 500 targeted households with PLWHA affording 3 meals per day and growing at least 3 major crops
•	Increased cash income by at least 50% for 200 PLWHA and their families
•	Fifteen Support Groups, 5 Care and Prevention Teams and 5 Nutrition Groups established and strengthened and serving the target group

2.5	What is the added value of the action (what adds the action by reference to (central or local) government action and actions implemented by non state actors)?

•	The two country NGOs participating in this project are working in four other provinces making up almost half of The country and covering some 50,000 households. Experiences gained through this project will no – doubt spill over to these areas
•	Being an international organisation, ICA is connected to many organisations locally and abroad. Results from this project will add to the pool of experiences gained elsewhere and beyond
•	The involvement of a wide range of national stakeholders such as the MoH, the Association of ARV users, New Start Centre etc makes for a broad based network and sharing of experiences across the country
•	Both belong to a network of 15 local NGOs under the umbrella of xxx. The available channels of information and experience sharing within this network will enable spill over to other organisations and practitioners. 
•	The volunteer who will be attached to the project by ICA will carry the experiences gained from the project to other parts of the world
•	The ICA driven HIV/AIDS Africa conference to which A PARTNER  is a member is another channel for sharing information and experiences from the project

3. Methodology and Sustainability:
Please describe the following: 
3.1	What are the main project activities?
In the short term, the project will improve the nutritional status of identified PLWHA through food aid initiatives to support their ART programmes.
For the long term, locally managed structures will be facilitated to provide continuous support to PLWHA and their families to secure their livelihoods for PLWHA and prevention against the same as well as production of adequate amounts of food and generation of more incomes on a sustainable basis.
Strategic linkages will be made with permanent service providers and other organisations in the sector for long term support to the target group and community at large.
The target group will be provided with technical and material support to enable them start producing food and generate income

3.2	Who will be your main implementing partners, what is the length of your relationship with them and how will they be involved in the project?

There will be two implementing partners with whom has worked for the past three year. These are:

In the project, will be responsible for overall coordination of project activities, manage finances as per EC requirements, employ two Field Officers, host the volunteer from and manage all project procurements 

will be responsible for coordination of networking activities with collaborators such as the They will also employ the Project Coordinator

ICA will be responsible for placement of a Volunteer at the project and capacity building of local NGO partners through training of project staff and technical support to the project.


3.3	How will the project achieve sustainability? 

•	Income generation skills and activities that will be facilitated through the project will remain within households and can be applied long after project has phased out
•	The project will build capacity among beneficiaries to produce and prepare local foods which are normally more accessible and nutritious. 
•	The strong linkage that exists between the project and government departments and ministries (such as the MoH and MACO) will be strengthened.  These linkages will assure continuous support to the target group long after the end of the project
•	The Volunteer who will be attached to the project and the project will be imparting the spirit of volunteerism among local communities 
•	The evaluation that will be conducted after 10 months will determine funding needs and strategies for further support beyond this project
•	The project will facilitate linkages to microfinance institutions for external financing of beneficiaries that will involve themselves in business ventures. 
•	Both have a long term agenda for the target area. The capacity that this project will build in these organisations will go towards enhancing long term benefits to the target group in this area and beyond. 
•	Strengthened CPTs and Support Groups will continue to provide HBC support to PLWHA in the area 

3.4	Will it have multiplier effects?

•	The two The country NGOs participating in this project are working in four other provinces making up almost half of The country and covering some 50,000 households. 
•	Being an international organisation, ICA is connected to many organisations locally and abroad. Results from this project will add to the pool of experiences gained elsewhere and beyond
•	The involvement of a wide range of national stakeholders such as the MoH, ZHECT, the Association of ARV users, New Start Centre etc makes for a broad based network and sharing of experiences across the country
•	Both belong to a network of 15 local NGOs under the umbrella. The available channels of information and experience sharing within this network will enable spill over to other organisations and practitioners. 
•	The target area of this project receives many visitors and is the gateway to the south of The country. Results from the project are expected to go far and wide through the many people that visit the area
•	The volunteer who will be attached to the project by ICA will carry the experiences gained from the project to other parts of the world
•	The ICA driven HIV/AIDS Africa conference to which is a member is another channel for sharing information

4. Expertise and operational capacity:
Please describe the following: 
4.1	What is the experience of your organisation in project management?

THE ORG has gathered massive experience over its 10 year period. Some of these are:

•	Participation in the past three years in food aid programmes in close collaboration with the Disaster management and Mitigation Unit (DMMU) and the World Food Programme (WFP)
•	Implementation of humanitarian activities under the ECHO funded Agricultural Recovery Programme (ARP) with OXFAM. At least 60% of households benefiting from this initiative are affected by HIV/AIDS
•	Participation in a pilot cash transfer project implemented to mitigate social and economic vulnerability among rural people
•	Implementation of Food Security Pack (FSP) programmes with Programme Against Malnutrition (PAM) in Western and North Western provinces
•	Implementation of a Forest Resource Management Project under IFAD funding in conjunction with the Government  in all the seven districts of North Western Province.
•	Implementation of livelihood projects in partnership partners with funding from

4.2. 	What is the experience of your organisation and your partner(s) of the issues to be 	addressed?

Has implemented and is still implementing various projects in three of The country’s nine provinces. Some of these are:  

•	2003- 2006: Food security project in Naluyanda involving women and families keeping orphans and poor resource farmers in Central Province 
•	2003- 2006: Food security project 
•	2004-2006: HIV/AIDS- prevention, nutrition and care for  The country National AIDS Network
•	2005- 2006: HIV/AIDS in 2nd district Project in Southern Province for PLWHA and vulnerable families.
•	2006: Women rights empowerment project funded by World Bank
•	2005 –2006: Sustainable Agriculture and HIV/AIDS for women in Central Province
•	2006: Food security project with a strong focus on HIV/AIDS
•	ICA have provided technical and facilitation support to ICAs since 1996, as well as acting as project holders for the following:

•	1996-2003: Integrated Development Programme, 
•	1999-2002: Health and Leadership programme, 
•	2000-2003: Integrated Rural Development programme for Women
•	2000-2004: Integrated Development Programme, 

I.	THE ACTION
1.	DESCRIPTION

1.1	Title

2nd district Food Security Project (CFSP)

1.2	Location(s)

2nd district area in The district in the Southern Province of The country


Total eligible cost of the action	Amount requested from the Contracting Authority	% of total eligible cost of action
734,477.40	661,297.90	90 %

1.3	Summary

Maximum 1 page 

The UNDP report of 2003 indicated that about 73% of all The citizens live below the official poverty line. On average more than 70% of The citizens are classified as poor while more than 63% are living on less than US$1 per day. In rural areas 83% of the people are poor and 71% are extremely poor. 

Many of the poorest people live in female headed households affected by HIV/AIDS. The prevalence rate is high currently at 16% affecting the most productive age group of between 15 to 49 years (NAC, 2002). Due to HIV/AIDS the number of widows and orphans and the chronically ill has increased considerably. The extended family system is no longer capable of handling the huge burden presented upon it by the impact of HIV/AIDS. HIV Positive people do not have access to healthy diets and the dietary options are limited. This means that positive people cannot live longer and their families end up in destitute or dying before their time.

This project will be implemented in The district of Southern Province. The population of Southern Province is 1,212,124 out of which 203,219 are in District. The prevalence rate for Southern province is currently at 16.2% ranks as the third highest in The country after Capital city and Provinces (NAC The country HIV/AIDS estimates, 2004). District is one of the most densely populated areas in Southern Province and according to estimates of 2004 from the National AIDS Council, District was the second highest in terms of HIV prevalence of 22.5% with a total number of 25,024 people second. The overall poverty levels of Southern Province are high at 76% (CSO – living conditions in The country, 1998) while 59% of the people are classified extremely poor. 

The project is targeting an area north of The district called 2nd district. 2nd district The target area is bound to the east by the Highway, and the Highway passes right through the community. The proximity of 2nd district to the main road makes the area vulnerable to the spread of HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases. This area appears to be particularly hard hit due to its geographical location and high poverty levels. Many small traders come to this area to sell second hand clothes and other merchandise and in the process end up mingling with people. These transient travellers and truckers take advantage of the poor farmers and expose them to HIV/AIDS. This has resulted into many HIV/AIDS patients.

This project will start by addressing the immediate food needs of 500 PLWHA in the target area. Due to the numerous demands on the resources of PLWHA, maintenance of a balanced diet is not often  considered priority. Yet, diet is one of the key elements for success in ART and prolonged life for PLWHA. For purposes of cost effectiveness, PLWHA and their families will be encouraged to consider already familiar indigenous local foods that have proven nutritive value.

The CFSP will also establish and strengthen local community based structures to lead in issues of nutrition, care and prevention and other services at community level. The project aims at inculcating a spirit of volunteerism among the target community. A volunteer from the partner ICA will be attached to the project. Strong linkages that already exist between the project and permanent service providers will be strengthened. These include Ministry of Health (MoH), District HIV/AIDS Task Force (DATF), Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives (MACO) etc.

In terms of the long term, the project will impart technical skills in family members of PLWHA to enable them produce adequate amounts of food on a sustainable basis. Training in sustainable agriculture will be provided and linkages made with the MACO.

To further secure the livelihoods of PLWHA, the project will impart entrepreneurship and marketing skills in the target group and link those that require additional finances to microfinance institutions that are already operating in the province.



Duration of the action	24 Months
Objectives of the action	Overall objective: To improve the quality of life of PLWHA and their families through the implementation of a broad based sustainable food security initiative in 2nd district area of the district of the Southern Province of The country.
Specific objectives: By the end of two years, at least 500 PLWHA in 2nd district area will have attained improved nutritional status to improve uptake and effectiveness of ART and community based systems and structures established for their families to produce adequate food and generate household income on a sustainable basis.
Partner(s)	1.  ICA

Target group(s) 	500 PLWHA in 2nd district area of Constituency of The district of Southern Province of The country
Final beneficiaries 	Families of 500 PLWHA in 2nd district area of Constituency of The district of Southern Province of The country
Estimated results	1.	At least 200 people will undergo VCT 
2.	At least 250 PLWHA will be linked to appropriate authorities for ART
3.	At least 75% of the 500 targeted households with PLWHA affording 3 meals per day and growing at least 3 major crops
4.	Increased cash income by at least 50% for 200 PLWHA and their families
5.	Fifteen Support Groups, 5 Care and Prevention Teams and 5 Nutrition Groups established and strengthened and serving the target group
Main activities	In the short term, the project will improve the nutritional status of identified PLWHA through food aid initiatives to support their ART programmes.
For the long term, locally managed structures will be facilitated to provide continuous support to PLWHA and their families to secure their livelihoods through Care for PLWHA and prevention against the same as well as production of adequate amounts of food and generation of more incomes on a sustainable basis.
Strategic linkages will be made with permanent service providers and other organisations in the sector for long term support to the target group and community at large.
The target group will be provided with technical and material support to enable them start producing food and generate income
Where applicable, clearly indicate the sector, theme, or geographical area specified in the call for proposals to which the proposed action would apply:


1.4	Objectives

Maximum 1 page. Describe the overall objective(s) to which the action aims to contribute towards and the specific objective that the action aims to achieve.

1.	To improve the nutritional status of PLWHA through food aid in order to improve the uptake and effectiveness of ART

Anti Retroviral Therapy (ART) requires that the patient has a balanced diet. Due to prolonged illness, PLWHA or AIDS patients often find themselves in a situation of depleted resource base due to inability to perform productive work and meeting expenditure required to access ART. Consequently, a balanced diet to PLWHA especially AIDS patients is a far cry. This objective will address this primary requirement in the short term before addressing medium and long term requirements among PLWHA and their families. 

Because nutrition is crucial among PLWHA especially those on ART, the project will support formation of Nutrition groups who will be trained in preparation and processing of foods suitable for PLWHA. Focus will, first and foremost, be directed at local indigenous foodstuffs which even poor families can lay their hands on. The Biodiversity Community Network (BCN) which is an associate in this project has gathered massive experience in supporting such activities.  

1.	To create and strengthen community based structures and groups for sustained care and support for PLWHA and their families

It has been widely documented that the HIV/AIDS issue has placed a huge burden on the Ministry of Health (MoH). It has become common practice to engage local communities in such a way they are involved in providing the necessary services to PLWHA and in this way contributing to the effectiveness of the public sector. The project will facilitate formation and strengthening (where such does not already exist) of community based and managed groups to lead the process of Care and prevention for and against HIV/AIDS, nutrition as it relates to HIV/AIDS and such other services.

In addition, the project will facilitate linkages between essential permanent service providers and organisations working in the sector and the local groups from the start of the project. The philosophy of this project emphasises inculcating the spirit of volunteerism among target communities.

2.	To increase food diversity and security for families with PLWHA on a sustainable basis

The project will aim to restore livelihoods of families with PLWHA by empowering them to produce more food on a sustainable basis. The project will promote sustainable agriculture techniques and methods that are accessible and affordable from the point of view of a resource poor farmer. Both crop and animal production will be promoted. The pas-on-the-gift scheme for small livestock which has worked wonders among PLWHA elsewhere will be introduced. 

In order to ensure long term technical support in agriculture, the project will facilitate stronger linkages with the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives (MACO) and support Community Livestock Workers (CLWs) and Community Development Facilitators (CDFs) through training.

3.	To reduce the socio-economic impact of HIV/AIDS among PLWHA and their families through the implementation of appropriate income earning initiatives 

In order to restore the livelihoods of PLWHA and their families, the project will promote income generation initiatives. Training will be facilitated on entrepreneurship and marketing. These skills will enable them identify and manage business ventures of their choice. Family members of PLWHA will be encouraged to form interest groups based on the business ventures that they will be pursuing. Those that require additional finances will be linked to microfinance institutions for loans and savings services.



a.	Justification

Maximum 3 pages. Please provide the following information:
i.	Relevance of the action to the objectives and priorities of the programme

The action will initially make available to PLWHA food through food aid. This is in order to enable HIV patients improve their nutritional status and thereby improve the uptake and effectiveness of ARVs.

The action will also promote both conservation farming and proven sustainable agriculture methods which are less labour intensive in order to improve sustainable food production and ensure availability of food throughout the year. The action will promote crop diversification to match nutritional needs of HIV/AIDS. The project will work with an associate organisation called BCN who are experts at biodiversity and have studied nutritive values of traditional food crops which are easy and cheap to grow, process and prepare. These will be promoted and grown by HIV patients and their families. 

The integration of food aid with actual sustainable food security which includes cultivation of traditional food crops and a home-grown home based care program are priorities of this project. This action presents an opportunity for vast impact and with massive ramifications such as fewer people contracting AIDS, fewer sick people, and therefore more PLWHA working and supporting their families and contributing to the local economy. There will be fewer families with HIV/AIDS patients, fewer orphans, positive change in behaviour and less call on already stretched health services. This Action is designed to enable resource-poor people create wealth that will facilitate the on-going implementation of further development activities and broaden their food base. For example, seed will be distributed on a seed revolving loan basis where PLWHA will repay their loan in kind to others while continuing to meet their own seed requirements for the following year. 

The project will also build sufficient capacity among the target group to enable them carry on initiatives started during the duration of the project. To this end, local structures will be facilitated in home based care, agriculture and nutrition.

The strong link that the project will facilitate between the target group and local permanent service providers.

ii.	Identification of perceived needs and constraints in the target country/ies, in particular in the region(s) concerned. 

The country is rated among the poorest countries in the world. The country is listed among the Highly Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) as well as the Least Developed Countries (LDC’s). According to the UNDP’s Human Development Report of 2002, The country ranks 163 out of the 175 countries in the world in terms of human development. 

In 2003, the United Nations Human Development report indicated that about 73% of all The citizens live below the official poverty line. On average more than 70% of The citizens are classified as poor while more than 63% are living on less than US$1 per day. In rural areas 83% of the people are poor and 71% are extremely poor. 

Many of the poorest people live in female headed households affected by HIV/AIDS. The prevalence rate is high currently at 16% affecting the most productive age group of between 15 to 49 years (NAC, 2002). Due to HIV/AIDS the number of widows and orphans and the chronically ill has increased considerably. The extended family system is no longer capable of handling the huge burden presented upon it by the impact of HIV/AIDS. HIV Positive people do not have access to healthy diets and the dietary options are limited. This means that positive people cannot live longer and their families end up in destitute or dying before their time.

The The country government has realised that chronic illness that accompany poor health and deterioration of the immune system deplete households assets, reduce labour and lead to reduced food production
This project will be implemented in The district of Southern Province. The consortium will concentrate on constituency. The population of Southern Province is 1,212,124 out of which 203,219 are in District. The prevalence rate for Southern province is currently at 16.2% ranks as the third highest in The country after Capital city and Provinces (NAC The country HIV/AIDS estimates, 2004). District is one of the most densely populated areas in Southern Province and according to estimates of 2004 from the National AIDS Council, District was the second highest in terms of HIV prevalence of 22.5% with a total number of 25,024 people second only to. The overall poverty levels of Southern Province are high at 76% (CSO – living conditions in The country, 1998) while 59% of the people are classified extremely poor. 

The project is targeting an area north of The district called 2nd district. 2nd district covers most of Constituency. 

The target area is bound to the east by the Highway, and the Highway passes right through the community. The proximity of 2nd district to the main road makes the area vulnerable to the spread of HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases. This area appears to be particularly hard hit due to its geographical location and high poverty levels. Many small traders come to this area to sell second hand clothes and other merchandise and in the process end up mingling with people. These transient travellers and truckers take advantage of the poor farmers and expose them to HIV/AIDS. This has resulted into many HIV/AIDS patients.

iii.	Description of the target group(s) and final beneficiaries and estimated number 
The action will target The district, in Southern Province. The specific target community is 2nd district area and beyond. In 2nd district Project area and expansion area the project will work with 500 PLWHA and their families. The direct beneficiaries from 2nd district area will be 300 and 200 in the 2nd district expansion area. The number of indirect beneficiaries will be 3000 people.
iv.	Reasons for the selection of the target group(s) and identification of their needs and constraints. How does the Action contribute to the needs of the target group(s) and final beneficiaries?

The direct beneficiaries have been selected because they are PLWHA. Some are already on ART and are in the extreme poverty bracket. 

The indirect beneficiaries have been selected because they have been adversely affected by the status and condition of the PLWHA in their families. Assets have been lost due to demands placed on PLWHA in terms of nutrition and other logistics necessary for caring for the same. For both PLWHA and their families to get back into productive engagement, they need to have basic needs readily available and accessible. These include food, healthy diets, diversified food production and income generation. This will assist to broaden their food security base.

Contribution to the needs of the target group and final beneficiaries 

1.	The action will assist PLWHA have available and accessible food which will help them improve the uptake and effectiveness of ARVs. Currently there is no food for PLWHA and where little is available it would be the staple food maize which does not help their condition. 
2.	The Home Based Care (HBC) system already in existence will be strengthened through training of care and prevention teams and formation of more support groups so that PLWHA can encourage and support each other.
3.	Food production will be carefully designed so that crops promoted and grown will be of high nutritive value and will increase the availability and accessibility of food making up a healthy diet. Food production will be combined with the promotion of traditional crops of high nutritive value that are easy to grow even in times of drought and have proven medicinal properties such as Amaranthus.
4.	Income generation will ensure that target beneficiaries broaden their food security base so that over - reliance on a single source of income is eradicated.

b.	Detailed description of activities

Maximum 9 pages.  Include the title and a detailed description of each activity to be undertaken to produce the results, justifying the choice of the activities and specifying where applicable the role of each partner (or associates or subcontractors) in the activities. In this respect, the detailed description of activities must not repeat the action plan (see section 1.9).

	Diagrammatic representation of the project concept
 

1.	To improve the nutritional status of PLWHA through food aid in order to improve the uptake and effectiveness of ART

•	Facilitate formation of community based nutrition groups: The project will facilitate formation of 5 nutrition groups who will be trained in the preparation and processing of nutritious foods and diets for PLWHA. The groups will also be responsible for educating fellow community members on issues of nutrition.

•	Training of nutrition groups: Nutrition groups will be trained on locally available food stuffs and the relationship of nutrition to HIV/AIDS. The training will be conducted by health staff from Hospitals as well as the Biodiversity Community Network (BCN).

•	Analysis of diets of PLWHA: Experts will work together with members of nutrition groups to analyse diets of PLWHA in the area. Thereafter, World Food Programme (WFP) instruments will be used to identify ARV patients who require food assistance. 
 
•	Design of food packs: Equipped with analyses of diets of PLWHA, food packs will be designed by nutrition groups.

•	Purchase of food and organisation of logistics: The project will purchase food stuffs based on the EC’s procurement procedures. Appropriate information systems will be applied in the procurement of foodstuffs and subsequent processes. 

•	Distribution and monitoring of distribution and utilisation of food packs: Keepers The country Foundation in close collaboration with the WFP has been involved in distributing foodstuffs and seeds to communities affected by drought and HIV/AIDS in Western province. This experience will be handy in organisation of logistics and monitoring systems for distribution and utilisation of food packs to beneficiaries in this project.

2.	To create and strengthen community based structures and groups for sustained care and support for PLWHA and their families.

•	Awareness for VCT: The project will facilitate awareness creation campaigns for potential beneficiaries of the project to undergo Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT). The campaign for VCT will also serve as the awareness for the project in the area. Project staff will use this opportunity to explain the scaling up of existing initiatives. Methods for awareness creation and campaign will include drama sessions by local groups, awareness meetings and role plays

•	Facilitating mobile VCT: In collaboration with the New Start Centre (NSC), mobile VCT sessions will be conducted across the target area. Those whose results will be positive to HIV/AIDS will be automatic beneficiaries of the project

•	Promotion of ART among PLWHA: The first intervention for the target beneficiaries is the linkage for Anti Retroviral Therapy (ART). Apart from those that will be tested after the awareness for VCT, some beneficiaries will already be aware about their status. The project will also take these on board. The project will also directly target households that are hosting chronically ill persons to benefit from the project.

•	Facilitate formation of 10 support groups of PLWHA: Some of the PLWHA will be mobilised into support groups that will lead the process of campaigns for VCT and ART. The support groups will also coordinate Home Based Care (HBC) programmes in the target area.

•	Training for CPTs on care and support to PLWHA: The project will exploit existing collaboration with the Ministry of Health Authorities at the District and at Hospital to train Care and Prevention Teams (CPTs). 

•	Facilitate linkages between CPTs and local stakeholders: In order to enhance the effectiveness of CPTs, the project will facilitate a deliberate campaign to link these to local leaders including headmen, chiefs, religious leaders, politicians and any other persons of influence. 

•	Facilitate linkages between CPTs and other support institutions: The project will ensure that all the relationships with development actors in the district and province are shared with local structures created and facilitated in the target area. To this end, local CPTs will be introduced to organisations like the District HIV/AIDS Task Force (DATF), District Health Management Team (DHMT), Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives (MACO), The country Health Education and Communication Trust, The country Users of ARVs, Network of people living with HIV/AIDS in The country and many such others.

3.	To increase food diversity and security for families with PLWHA on a sustainable basis

•	Training in sustainable agriculture methods: As a long term measure to ensure household food security among PLWHA and their families, the project will encourage use of low cost and sustainable agricultural methods such as agro forestry and potholing. The Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives (MACO) will deliver appropriate training on various sustainable agricultural methods and techniques.

•	Training in crop diversification: MACO will also conduct training in crop diversification both for increased diversity in foodstuffs as well as for generation of income. 

•	Training in production, processing and preparation of indigenous food products: In line with diversification of foodstuffs, the project will promote not just production but processing and preparation of such foodstuffs. The choice of these crops will be informed by the analysis that experts will recommend from a nutrition point of view. Experts from BCN, MACO and MoH will be key in this activity.

•	Training in off-season farming: The area around 2nd district is prone to (partial) drought. This fact coupled with the need to increase the productivity of households with PLWHA calls for agricultural production throughout the year. The project will train beneficiaries in off-season production of vegetables, green maize and any other crops for food and income.

•	Facilitate establishment of seed revolving mechanism: One of the most important inputs for sustainable food security is seed. The project will facilitate establishment of a revolving seed supply mechanism. The idea will be to provide a conducive environment for supply and availability of good quality and affordable seed and planting materials on a timely and sustainable basis. The management of the seed revolving scheme will be done by agricultural and income generation Interest Groups that will be formed in the area. Establishment of the scheme will involve training of seed growers and traders. MACO will be key in delivering this activity.

•	Supply of seed to the seed revolving scheme:  Once adequate capacity has been built in IGs, the project will provide initial seed on a one - off basis. Thereafter, MACO and project staff will offer technical back-up support to ensure sound management of the scheme in the second season.


4.	To reduce the socio-economic impact of HIV/AIDS among PLWHA and their families through the implementation of appropriate income earning initiatives 

•	Facilitate identification of viable economic opportunities in the area and beyond: Project staff will facilitate identification of viable economic activities in the area and beyond among members of households with PLWHA. The role of staff from the project at this stage will be information provision and facilitation of the process.

•	Facilitate formation of interest groups:  Based on viable business ventures identified by family members of PLWHA, interest groups (IGs) will be formed. These IGs will draw action plans on how they will exploit the identified economic opportunities at household and group levels. 
 
•	Training in business, marketing and technical skills: The project will facilitate training of members of IGs in business and marketing skills as well as technical aspects of the particular economic ventures of their choice. Some of the ventures that may be identified (based on past experience in the area) include livestock and mushroom production.

•	Training of community based volunteers: The project will attempt to inculcate a strong spirit of volunteerism among member of 2nd district community. Apart from support groups and CPTs, teams of local persons will be assembled to provide technical support to livestock owners, crop farmers and business persons. Community Livestock workers (CLWs) will be trained through the Department of Animal Health to provide support to keepers of small livestock while Community Development workers will take care of agricultural and business concerns of local households.
 
•	Linkage to financial institutions: The need for additional capital is often identified as a major constraint to promotion of business among rural people. The project will link vibrant IGs to Micro finance Institutions (MFIs) within the province. The MFIs will provide savings and credit services among IGs to enable them grow their businesses.

5.	Project management

•	Inception workshop: Prior to starting the project, an inception workshop will be held involving all key stakeholders and participants in the projects. The workshop will serve to build a common understanding of the major concepts, procedures ands targets for the project. The workshop will also serve to develop an appropriate Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) system for the project. A work plans as well as roles and responsibilities of each participating organisation will be clarified. 

•	Review and planning workshops: Representatives from community based structures, collaborating organisations and members of staff of the project will meet quarterly to review progress and plan for each of the four quarters. 
 
•	Baseline survey: At the onset of the project, a baseline survey will be conducted to determine the status of each of the indicators of progress outlined in the log frame as well as those that project stakeholders may wish to add during the inception workshop. The baseline survey will set benchmarks for future measurement of progress during and after the project intervention.

•	Mid term evaluation: After the tenth month, the project will undergo a mid term evaluation to take stock of progress thus far with a possibility of adjustment to the approach, targets and other aspects of the project based on experience. This evaluation will also identify aspects of the project that will require further support beyond this particular initiative 

•	End of project evaluation: at the conclusion of the project, an end of project evaluation will be undertaken to close out the project and recommend further action to local community members and partners as well as collaborating organisations and institutions.

•	Training of all community groups in participatory monitoring systems: All the community based groups that the project will facilitate will undergo some training in participatory monitoring and evaluation. In this way, the monitoring system for the project will be internalised by the community and its structures and will remain useful long after the project has phased out

c.	Methodology

Maximum 4 pages.  Detailed description of:
i.	Methods of implementation and reasons for the proposed methodology

The methodology used in this project places emphasis on building strong local structures from the start of the project. These structures will be involved in the planning and implementation of project activities as well as the monitoring and evaluation of the same and the results arising from these activities. The project aims to inculcate a spirit of volunteerism among members of the community. A volunteer from ICA will be attached to the project for the whole duration of the project.

The project also takes on board collaborating institutions and organisations that will remain to provide various services to project beneficiaries beyond the life time of the project. Figure 2 (below) is a diagrammatic representation 

The concept of the CFSP is founded on the premises that there are sufficient levels of awareness about HIV/AIDS in 2nd district area. The entry point for the project will therefore be promotion for VCT through meetings, drama and sports among other methods. 

The project will also conduct mobile VCT sessions with the New Start Centre and The country Health Education and Communication Trust. The members of the community that will test positive will be encouraged to participate in activities of the project and some will form support groups (SGs) and care and Prevention Teams (CPTs). The project will also target households with people that are chronically ill. The target group for the project will therefore be households with PLWHA and the PLWHA in particular.

Apart from SGs and CPTs, the project will facilitate formation of Nutrition Groups (NGs) from among the target households. The SGs will be trained in various aspects of nutrition and how it affects HIV/AIDS. Experts will deliver various training sessions to SGs to, among other things, enable them analyse diets of PLWHA and recommend suitable food packs which the project will provide in the short term.



Community Based Structures among households with PLWHA


					
				
Support Groups 



	
	    Nutrition Groups					Care & Prevention Teams 




				Com Development Facilitators 
				       
					Interest Groups

				   Community Livestock workers





Using the recommended food pack and diets, food stocks will be purchased using EC procurement guidelines. Th Foundation will rely heavily on experience in handling food distribution programmes under the Agricultural Recovery Programme (ARP). interaction with World Food Programme in distribution of food under the Disaster Management an Mitigation Unit (DMMU) will also be essential at this stage.

For the sake of the long term, the project will build capacity for target households to produce a diverse range of food crops in adequate quantities. Timely availability of good quality and affordable seeds will be facilitated through a revolving seed supply scheme managed by community members themselves. Rearing of small livestock such as goats and pigs will be promoted on a pass-on-the-gift basis which has worked very well in Western and Central provinces. Strong linkages will be established with the MACO and local capacity will be built to ensure continuous technical support through identification and training of CLWs and CDFs.

The project will also support development of entrepreneurship that will enable target households identify and exploit viable business opportunities. Linkages will be facilitated with micro finance institutions (MFIs) to service those households that will need additional capital to grow their businesses. As MFIs are institutions in their own right, it is expected that they will continue servicing members of the community beyond the lifetime of the project.

In facilitating availability of suitable and adequate amounts of food for PLWHA, the projects will promote, first and foremost, indigenous, locally available and low input crops, vegetables and fruits. The BCN have carried out research on most of these foods in terms of dietary value over the past ten years. The CFSP will therefore aim to integrate these findings in the design of food packs for households with PLWHA as well as in the production of these crops for the medium and long terms. 

The CFSP is also based on the experience of all three organisations participating in the preparation of the project concept. While ICA bring the international experience to the project particularly in the response to HIV/AIDS pandemic, have gathered some considerable experience in design and implementation of livelihood projects in six of The country’s nine provinces. The consortium can also boast of experience in implementing humanitarian initiatives through the European Commission Humanitarian Aid Office (ECHO) and the government’s Disaster Management and Mitigation Unit (DMMU). ICA belong to a network of 15 NGOs which provides a rich reservoir of technical information and expertise. 

An important part of the project approach is the strong link between the project and permanent service providers. The already existing linkages with the MACO, DATF and MoH will be strengthened. Linkages will also be created and strengthened with other players.

The involvement of local communities and groups in the monitoring and evaluation of project activities and outcomes is an important capacity building aspect of the CFSP. ICA has employed this approach where communities have been empowered to make informed decisions about development activities in their areas.

ii.	Where the action is the prolongation of a previous action, explain how the action is intended to build on the results of this previous action 

The CFSP will be scaling up the work that has been going on over the past 2 years financed by ICA. The project has been working with 200 households with PLWHA. Through the facilitation of the project, 189 people have undergone VCT. Five (5) CPTs have been formed and trained but 10 more will be needed for the new initiative and the strengthening of existing ones will be required.

In the process of carrying out these activities, strong linkages were established with the Ministry of Health (MoH), Hospital and Clinic. These vital relationships will be strengthened under this project. 

The CFSP will use the already sufficient levels of awareness about HIV/AIDS done mainly through the project so far. Issues of Food and HIV/AIDS have also been addressed to some extent over the past 2 years and this project will only be scaling up on the same.

In terms of agricultural activities, 130 people have received training in sustainable agriculture and funds have already been secured to provide them with seeds for the season 2006/07. 

iii.	Where the action is part of a larger programme, explain how it fits or is coordinated with this programme. Please specify the potential synergies with other initiatives, in particular from the EC
The CFSP is not a part of a larger programme

iv.	Procedures for follow up and internal/external evaluation

Before the start of the project, all stakeholders will meet to build a common understanding of the project and to streamline the roles of each player. The inception workshop will also review and plan major activities for the project.

In order to empower the target group in decision making, the project will train selected members of the community in Participatory monitoring and evaluation. The design of the project’s monitoring and evaluation system will build on the system established at community level.

A baseline survey will be carried out at the start of the project to benchmark the various indicators of progress elaborated in the logical framework. The baseline survey will be undertaken by independent consultants

Ten months into the implementation of the project, a mid term evaluation will be conducted to take stock of progress and recommend corrective measures and pick up issues that may not have been considered at the beginning of the project. The outcome of the mid term review will also inform organisations and people of 2nd district that would desire to intervene in future.

The project will conduct quarterly and annual reviews for stakeholders to review and plan progress. Participants in the quarterly and annual review meetings will include community members, project staff, partners and collaborators. At the end of the project, an end of project evaluation will be conducted.

v.	Description of the role and participation in the action of the various actors (local partner, target groups, local authorities, etc.), and the reasons for which these roles have been assigned to them. 

Each of the three organisations participating in implementing this project brings a variety of experiences to the table.

The Foundation

The foundation has gathered massive experience over its 10 year period. Some of these are:

•	Participation in the past three years in food aid programmes in close collaboration with the Disaster management and Mitigation Unit (DMMU) and the World Food Programme (WFP)
•	Implementation of humanitarian activities under the Agricultural Recovery Programme (ARP). At least 60% of households benefiting from this initiative are affected by HIV/AIDS
•	Participation in a pilot cash transfer project implemented as an alternative means to mitigate social and economic vulnerability among rural people
•	Implementation of Food Security Pack (FSP) programmes in Western and North Western provinces
•	Implementation of a Forest Resource Management Project under IFAD in conjunction with the Government of the Republic.
•	Implementation of livelihood projects in partnership .


The ICA has implemented and is still implementing various projects in three of The country’s nine provinces. Some of these are:  

•	2003- 2006: Food security project involving women and families keeping orphans and poor resource farmers in Central Province 
•	2003- 2006: Food security project in Capital city Province 
•	2004-2006: HIV/AIDS- prevention, nutrition and care for PLWHA area in Capital city Province for orphans widows and vulnerable children 
•	2005- 2006: HIV/AIDS in 2nd district Project in Southern Province for PLWHA and vulnerable families 
•	2006: Women rights empowerment project in Central province
•	2005 –2006: Sustainable Agriculture and HIV/AIDS for women in Central Province
•	2006: Food security project in in Central Province with a strong focus on HIV/AIDS


ICA

ICA have provided technical and facilitation support to ICAs since 1996, as well as acting as project holders for the following:

•	1996-2003: Integrated Development Programme, 
•	1999-2002: Health and Leadership programme,
•	2000-2003: Integrated Rural Development programme for Women, 
•	2000-2004: Integrated Development Programme, Tanzania 
•	2005-2006: African ICAs HIV/AIDS Initiative (two workshops,)
•	2005-2006: Pilot of Living Well with HIV/AIDS 

With this background, THE ORG will be responsible for:

•	Overall coordination of project activities
•	Manage finances as per EC requirements
•	Employ two Field Officers
•	Host the volunteer from ICA
•	Manage all project procurements 

will be responsible for:

•	Coordination of networking activities with collaborators such as the MoH, MACO, DATF, ZHECT, NSC, BCN, AARVU etc
•	Employ the Project Coordinator


ICA will be responsible for:

•	Placement of a Volunteer
•	Capacity building of local NGO partners through training of project staff and technical support to the project and THE ORG




vi.	Team proposed for implementation of the action (by function: there is no need to include the names of individuals here)


No.
	
Title	
Role

A. Salaried Personnel

1	
Project Coordinator (full time)	
Coordination of the project 

2	
ICA Volunteer (full time)	Providing technical support to the project and staff of the project 

3	
Programme Officer-THE ORG (20%)	
Liaison with the donors and partner organisation & collaborating institutions/organisations

4	
Accountant-THE ORG (30%)	
Providing sound financial management for the project

5	
Field Officers X2 (full time)	
Frontline staff working with communities

B. Voluntary Personnel

1	
Community Livestock Workers	
Technical support to livestock owners

2	
Community Development Facilitators	
Technical support to local farmers on sustainable agriculture and business

3	
Care & Prevention Teams (15 made up of 10)	
Leading care for HIV/AIDS patients and prevention programmes against HIV/AIDS

4	
Nutrition Groups (5 made up of 5)	
Leading nutrition programmes for PLWHA in terms of production, processing and preparation of the same

5	
Support Groups (10 made up of 5)	
Groups of PLWHA organising others to address the various constraints faced by their peers

vii.	Main means proposed for implementation of the action (equipment, tools…)

The project will only have two means thus:

•	Motorbikes (X2 provided by and THE ORG) for the 2 Field staff
•	Bicycles (X 50) for CPTs and CDFs

The action plan must be drawn up using the following format:

Year 1
THE ORG Food Aid & Food Security Action Plan	                   Semester 1	               Semester 2	
Activity	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	Implementing body
													
Objective 1: Improved nutritional status of PLWHA													
Community mobilisation													THE ORG & partners
Purchase & distribution of foodstuffs													THE ORG
													
Objective 2: Strengthening & establishing  local structures													
Awareness for VCT													THE ORG, partners, , MoH
Mobile VCT													THE ORG, , ICA, , 
Promotion of ART													THE ORG, , ICA
Training of CPTs & SGs													MoH, , Hospital
													
Objective 3: Increased Food production & diversity													
Training in agriculture & nutrition													BCN, 
Supply of seed & small livestock													THE ORG & partners
													
Objective 4; Improved socio economic impact through income generation													
Training in entrepreneurship & marketing													THE ORG & partners
Training of community based volunteers													ICA Volunteers, THE ORG & partners
Linkage to micro finance institutions													THE ORG & partners
													
Project management													
Inception workshop													THE ORG & partners
Baseline survey													Consultant
Review & planning meetings													THE ORG & partners
End of Project Evaluation													
Training in Participatory M&E													ICA, MoH
													


Year 2
THE ORG Food Aid & Food Security Action Plan	                   Semester 1	               Semester 2	
Activity	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	Implementing body
													
Objective 2: Strengthening & establishing  local structures													
Awareness for VCT													THE ORG, partners, ZHECT, MoH
Mobile VCT													THE ORG, 
Promotion of ART													THE , ICA
Training of CPTs & SGs													MoH, , Hospital
													
Objective 3: Increased Food production & diversity													
Training in agriculture & nutrition													
Supply of seed & small livestock													THE ORG & partners
													
Objective 4; Improved socio economic impact through income generation													
Training in entrepreneurship & marketing													THE ORG & partners
Training of community based volunteers													ICA Volunteer, THE ORG & partners
Linkage to micro finance institutions													THE ORG & partners
													
Project management													
Inception workshop													THE ORG & partners
Baseline survey													Consultant
Review & planning meetings													THE ORG & partners
End of Project Evaluation													
Training in Participatory M&E													ICA, MoH
													




2.	EXPECTED RESULTS

2.1	Expected impact on target groups/beneficiaries

Maximum 2 pages.  Indicate how the action will improve:
1.1.1	the situation of target groups/beneficiaries

•	An increase of at least 50% in food production at household level by direct beneficiaries
•	At least 75% of direct beneficiaries accessing three meals per day 
•	Improved nutritional status among 500 PLWHA
•	At least 75% of the 500 targeted households growing at least 3 major food crops of nutritive value by the end of 2 years
•	Basic business training for  200 people 
•	More than 50 of the beneficiaries successfully go through a 3 months nutrition programme
•	Increased cash incomes (by 50%) for at least 200 of the PLWHA and their families
•	At least 200 people undergoing VCT per year
•	At least 100 introduced to ART per year

1.1.2	the technical and management capacities of target groups and/or any partners where applicable.

•	More than 10 support groups formed with ability to coordinate development initiatives with minimum external support
•	Strengthened capacity of 5 Care and Prevention Teams (CPTs)
•	Improved technical knowledge and skills among 200 households in agriculture and business to sustain their livelihoods in the midst of the impact of HIV/AIDS
•	Increased technical skills and knowledge by 600 people and 100 households in the production and preparation of indigenous nutritious food crops 
•	Improved skills and knowledge by 10 support groups and 15 CPTs in coordinating and monitoring community based nutrition and HIV/AIDS related initiatives  
•	Increased networking among community based groups in addressing issues of nutrition and HIV/AIDS
•	Improved capacities of implementing partner NGOs in organisational management and ability to meet the needs of beneficiaries


2.2	Concrete outputs

Maximum 1 page. Be specific and quantify outputs as much as possible. Indicate notably foreseen publications.

•	At least 200 people will undergo VCT 
•	At least 250 PLWHA will be linked to appropriate authorities for ART
•	At least 75% of the 500 targeted households with PLWHA affording 3 meals per day and growing at least 3 major crops
•	Increased cash income by at least 50% for 200 PLWHA and their families
•	Fifteen Support Groups, 5 Care and Prevention Teams and 5 Nutrition Groups established and strengthened and serving the target group


2.3	Multiplier effects

Maximum 1 page. Describe the possibilities for replication and extension of the action outcomes.

•	The two The countryn NGOs participating in this project are working in other areas of The country namely; Western, North - Western, Central and Capital city Provinces making up almost half of The country and covering some 50,000 households. Experiences gained through this project will no – doubt spill over to these areas
•	Being an international organisation, ICA is connected to many organisations locally and abroad. Results from this project will add to the pool of experiences gained elsewhere in Africa and beyond
•	The involvement of a wide range of national stakeholders such as the Ministry of Health (MoH), The country Health Education and makes for a broad based network and sharing of experiences across the country
•	Both belong to a network of 15 local NGOs. The available channels of information and experience sharing within this network will enable spill over to other organisations and practitioners. Additionally, is a member of the International NGO (INGO) forum which is another channel for sharing experiences
•	The target area of this p </textarea></td>

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	 <td><textarea name='proptitle' style='border-style: solid; border-width:1px; border-color: white white white white;width:125px;height:300px' id='proptitle' >Empowering Women through Awareness and Income Generation Programs </textarea></td>
	 <td><textarea name='short' style='border-style: solid; border-width:1px; border-color: white white white white;width:175px;height:300px' id='short' >The goal of this project is to facilitate sustainable development through empowerment and participation of the 5000 marginalized women . </textarea></td>
     <td><textarea name='description' style='border-style: solid; border-width:1px; border-color: black black black black;width:400px;height:300px' id='description' >Empowering Women through Awareness and Income Generation Programs

A Project Proposal 


ICA


1. Introduction:

Most of the previous development practices were characterized by top-down approach. Obviously the people were treated as poor and marginalised even unaware of their own need. The projects were of service delivery kind and could not achieve sustainable development by virtue of its' inherent nature.

The country is characterized by social orthodoxy like untouchability, fatalism where vertical as well as horizontal mobility is hardly achieved. To improve their socio- economic conditions, exploring and capitalizing the hidden or underlying skills and potentials of the local people should be given high priority. Non animated people, severe poverty and social discrimination are interwoven causing further deterioration of the situation.

There have been various programs to uplift the status of women. It is felt that the empowerment of women can be achieved best by improving economic condition. The improved economic condition is supposed to penetrate other dimension, especially leadership development and decision power both in household level as well as community level.

Micro-finance institutions are supposed to enhance the economic condition of the people. So many projects aim to include women in micro-finance institution. Most of the micro finance institutions are doing very well but still they lack system to reach to the most needy community. The proposed project aims to empower 200 women by providing small loan and necessary knowledge and skill. 

Most of the previous development practices were characterized by top-down approach. Obviously the people were treated as poor and marginalised even unaware of their own need. The projects were of service delivery kind and could not achieve sustainable development by virtue of it's inherent nature. With the end of development project, people were found to be more dependent to the outsider-so called development experts. People lost their confidence because it was inculcated in their mind that they are to be silent recipient rather than being active participant. Their participation was seeked at the implementation level as manual labor.

In search of seeking economic opportunities, rural youth are being migrated to other countries, preferably  western countries, Arab and predominantly India. Rural area of the country is characterized by social orthodoxy like untouchability, fatalism where vertical as well as horizontal mobility is hardly achieved. 

 To improve their socio- economic conditions, exploring and capitalizing the hidden or underlying skills and potentials of the local people should be given high priority. Non animated people, severe poverty and social discrimination are interwoven causing further deterioration of the situation.

ICA, with the financial assistance of a funder, has been implementing project for the last two years which is at the verge of phasing out. Animation training, group formation, environmental training, adult literacy, income generation activities, training on sustainable agriculture, kitchen garden, construction of toilets and improved cookstoves, street drama were the activities of the project.

Despite the grand success of the project, during the evaluation it was found that the training is not yet sufficient and the saving in one group is not regular. The group meeting was not regular and follow up is to be done by the staff on the regular basis. As the income generation programme began late, the cooperative is not yet formed. Follow up of the sustainable agriculture activities, goat raising, post literacy, training on the group dynamics and gender including increment in the seed money of income generating activities are to be done.

2. Project approach 
The proposed project aims to achieve sustainable development. In order to achieve the objectives, participation of the people is given high priority. Sustainability is expected to achieve through the mobilisation of the stakeholder and strengthening their capability in both technical and non technical aspect. It is urgent to boost up their morale and wipe out their negative self image with the example of their past success stories. Once they are empowered and animated, they can be the change agent to shape their own development.  
Focus is thus laid on 
•	Participation
•	Sustainability
•	Capacity building
•	Animation

3. Project Sites and Target Group
The work of this project will be carried out in the District in eastern region of the country. The population of this district is about 0.6 million.

The project will involve all the inhabitants of 4 Village Development Councils in the district.. ICA has already carried out a preliminary survey and has been organising activities as ad hoc basis for the last three years in the area. 

4. Goal and Objectives of the Project:
The goal of this project is to facilitate sustainable development through empowerment and participation of the stakeholder.
The objectives of this project are to achieve:
•	Raised economy of the beneficiaries by  5000 a year.
•	Strong saving and credit group with regular saving and group meeting working under cooperatives.
•	Participation of the people in general and at least 35% women in particular throughout the project period to shape their own development.
•	Increased level of awareness among people regarding health (HIV/AIDS) and hygiene, sanitation, environment in order to support local development initiatives.

•	To train 200 women leaders and managers to Saving and Credit organizations SCO management proper accounting system, financial management.
•	To enhance their leadership skill in terms of human resources.
•	To help establish in SCOs, easy and proper accounting system.
•	To develop the accounting system for SCOs that can be managed even by general literate women.
•	To established a system of participatory self-evaluation in SCOs.  

5. Project Activities
During the project period, following activities will be carried out:

5. 1. Saving and Credit Program
Local people will be encouraged to make regular savings. The community will be encouraged to contribute small amount of money as group fund. The training on group dynamics and cooperatives is expected to change this situation as it has already proved in other ICA projects. By the end of the project period, there will be one cooperative in the project area. The cooperative will manage the revolving fund of income generation activities as well.  

5.2. Stimulating and supporting income-generating activities
As an income generation activity, women will be encouraged and trained to produce handicrafts, pickles, potato chips etc. ICA will facilitate them to sell their products. The members will work in a group of 5 to 10. Local as well as global markets will be accessed for it. 

5.3. Awareness campaign on health, environment, agriculture and education
Various awareness campaigns on health particularly on HIV/AIDS, environment, agriculture and education will be organised through the saving and credit groups. The non-formal and informal means of education will be applied for this task. Street drama, community meeting, lobbying and advocacy will be organised encouraging them to work for themselves for their betterment.

5.4. Training on Group Dynamics
Existing as well as new group members will be trained on Group dynamics to make sustainable and effective group. The duration of the training will be 4 days. The training will be participated by each of women group members. Each training will be participated by 20-25 members. ICA has developed training manual on Group Dynamics and has already trained local people on Group dynamics in other parts. During the training, participants will acquire not only the knowledge and skill on managing successful group but also come up with group constitution, elected executive committee, clear objective, indicator for participatory monitoring and evaluation, reporting format and record keeping system in detail. The four pillar of strong group i.e., group constitution, leadership, record keeping system and monitoring and evaluation will be emphasised.
 
5.5 Formation of cooperative and training
By the end of the project period, a cooperative of all the groups will be formed and managed by a joint team. During group dynamics training, these things will be the products, which is believed to solve these problems. It is believed that the cooperative can handle the saving and credit groups in the area. After formation of cooperative, members of each cooperative will undergo training on cooperative so as to make them able to run their cooperative smoothly. The duration of the training will be of 7 days. 

6.  Reporting
The development of the project activities will be reported every three months to the donor. The implementing organization, ICA welcomes close contact with and constant guidance from the donor so that the project activities can be carried out effectively. 

7.  Programme Monitoring and Evaluation 
Monitoring and evaluation will be carried out in a participatory way. The task will be done in three level- community, implementing Organization and donor. In order to make the process more participatory from the very beginning of the project cycle, during the group dynamics training, participants themselves will develop indicators for the monitoring and evaluation. Participatory tools like ORID method, Workshop, Interactive Interview, questionnaire interview and other appropriate tools will be applied for monitoring and evaluation at both community and organizational level. If necessary, adjustments within the program will be made, after requesting approval from the funding agency. 

8. Logistic Support from ICA 
ICA will assure provision of the following major logistic support.
•	Provide office space in the area and other supports during the project period.
•	Facilitate needed office supplies for secretarial and administrative services.
•	Provide the project a computer and printer and accessories supports such as email, fax etc.

8. Human Resources:
The human resources for the project will be of as follows:
The project coordinator - 1
Field coordinator - 1
Trainers 
Micro Credit Officer - 1
Supporting staff - 1
Animator - 3

9. Sustainability 
In order to achieve sustainability in the long run, the approach has been chosen in such a way to mobilize stakeholder from the very beginning of the project cycles. Participation of the people will be encouraged and honored and transparency will be strictly maintained. As the leadership in local people will be enhanced, the project is expected to be sustainable. The groups will be formed in the early stage of the project, local contribution will be seeked from the very beginning. The long term approach is focused on sustainability, as it leads towards a people's organization with the capabilities and skills to become an active cooperative working for its own members. 
 

10. Project Duration:
The project will be conducted for one year. Once the funder accepts the proposal the activities of the project will be started. The work will be carried out as follows:

S.N.	Activities/ Month	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
1.	Set Up Work
											

2.
Saving & Credit												

3. 	Income Generation Training		
									
4.	Producing crafts and items by the group 					
						
5.	Starting sell outlet and dispatching products 								
			
6
Co-operative Dev. Meeting												
7.
Awareness Campaign 
•	Street drama
•	Postering/ pamphleting on environment, HIV/ AIDS etc.						
					

8.
Training on HIV/AIDS and other issues												
9.
Training on Group Dynamic												
10.
Co-operative Training												
11.
Mid term Report												
12.
Monitoring & Evaluation												
13.
Final Report												


 
8. Budget
11. Budget:

  Year / Activities	 First Year	Second Year	Third Year
Training on Participatory Strategic Planning
20 women and 10 men 12 days
-Resource persons -   2 x D 2500 x 12days
-Food / snacks / lodging 32 x 400x 12
- Transportation and Stationery 32x 250	

   60,000
1,53,600
     8,000		
Preparing Resource Materials
-Preparation ( Resource persons- 2x2000/dayx 8days)
-Publishing eight (6) manuals x D 15000
	
   32,000

    90,000		
Developing  to make local strategic plan 5 days x 6 VDCs x 2 facilitators x 1000
	   60,000		
Six (6)Training on capacity building 
6 x D 40,000(including resource persons, food, lodging, stationary etc.) 	
2,40,000		
Refresher Course on these six training 
6 x D 15,000		90,000	
Awareness Campaign 
•	Publication of poster posters - D 30,000 for 1000 copy -----D 30,000
•	Publication of pamphlets on environment / HIV AIDS etc.   -- 2 x D 25000
•	Street drama
        1show x 6 VDCs x D 7000
•	Construction work
      (50% contribution by villagers)
        15 Toilets x 6VDCs x D 3000
        15 Soakpits x 6 VDCs x D 1500
        30 Improved cookstoves x 6 VDCs x D1000
•	Sustainable agriculture activities
       6 VDCs x D 20,000
•	 Training for Eco- club  in six (6) sites/ Rs.10,000 
6	x D 10,000 
•	Refresher course for Eco clubs members in 3    
        sites                   3 x D 7000	
   30,000

    50,000


    42,000

 
 1,35,000
    67,500
    90,000	





42,000


1,35,000
67,500
90,000

1,20,000

   60,000	





42,000


1,35,000
67,500
90,000




     
   21,000
Adult Literacy /  Education
Operation cost (Kerosene, stationary, lamp etc.)
6 VDCs x 3 literacy classes x 1500/ month x 6 months every year
	1,62,000	1,62,000	1,62,000
NGO Leadership Training 10 days 24 participants
Resource persons 2 x D 2500 x 10
Catering, lodging 28 x D 400 x 10
Transportation 28 x  D 500	
   	
   50,000
 1,12,000
    14,000	
Refresher course 2 days  
2 days x 20,000 	
     		40,000
Micro credit
Seed money
Pass book	
  60,000
     5,000		
Sub Total	1285 100	783 500	395 500
Staffing
1. Project Co-ordinator- 1xD 12 000 x 36 months 

2. District co-ordinator- 2 x D 6000 x 36 months

3.  Credit Officer-1x D 5 000 x 22 months

4.  Field Facilitators- 6 x25 00 x 36 months

5. Administrator/ Accountant-1xD 6 000 x 36 months

1.	Literacy teachers – 6 VDCs x 3 Sites = 18 x D 1200 x 18 months
( 50% local contribution)

7.  Field assistant- 2 x D 2000 x 36 months 	
  1,44, 000

   1,44,000
   
  XXX

1,80,000

 72,000


  64,800



48,000	
  1,44, 000

   1,44, 000
  
  60, 000

 1,80,000

  72,000


   64,800



48,000	
  1,44, 000

   1,44,000
  
 50, 000 
(10 months) 
1,80,000

72,000


 64,800



48,000
Head Office Cost
1. Auditing and Reporting

2. Transportation of Head Office Staff

3. Stationery 

4. Monitoring and Evaluation	
20, 000

25, 000

20, 000

20 000	
20, 000

25, 000

20, 000

20 000	
20, 000

25, 000

20, 000

20 000
Sub Total	7,37, 800	797 800	7,87,800
Total 
	D 2022900	D 15 81300	D 
1183300
Grand Total :            

D 35)	                            4787500

136 785


ICA
ICA is an autonomous, non-profitable, non-political and non-governmental organization 

ICA
ICAs activities are based on participation. As a national member of ICA International, ICA aims to introduce the experiences of various ICAs including ICA International in our context. The three major areas of activities of the ICAs are sustainable development, life-long education and organizational transformation. The ICAs have their own training modules developed for facilitation, participation and planning. 

Various Technology of Participation (ToP) methods developed by ICA such as Focused Conversation Method, Workshop Method, Strategic Planning Method etc. can be used to solve various problems. These methods can be used from grassroots to corporate level. The ICAs training courses are useful for all development practitioners, particularly governmental and non- governmental workers active in the field of development.

Apart from such training courses, the ICA principles are also being used to community development sector. ICA works with the grassroots organizations and individuals to enable the integration of the Technology of Participation into their day to day activities. It helps in improving the quality of other government or NGO sectors by imparting quality training. 

Aims of ICA
The aims of the ICA are as follows:
- To work for empowering indigenous community,
- To promote a culture of participation at all levels of society,
- To facilitate creative change in individual and groups by promoting socio-economic and cultural development, and
- To encourage people and groups to participate in alleviating poverty, unemployment and backwardness through cooperatives and micro credit.

Activities:
The ICA carries out various activities on Group Facilitation Methods, strategic and action planning and project-based programs. Following activities are undertaken by the ICA.

1. Capacity Building:
The ICA focuses on building human resources and organizational transformation through participatory techniques. It organizes various courses so as to increase people's participation in development and to preserve their own culture and values conducive to creative development and change. The ICA also works in enhancing effectiveness in business community by imparting its knowledge on participatory planning. Similarly, various training courses on micro credit management and environmental management and sustainable development are also conducted.

2. Increasing Public Awareness on Health, Education and Environment:
The lack of public awareness in various sectors particularly health, education and environment has created various problems that undermine the development process. The ICA focuses its programs to alleviate such problems by carrying out action oriented programs on such themes. The ICA is also active in promoting children and women rights.

3. Adult Literacy Programs:
The group has initiated literacy classes in some rural areas. People belonging to lower caste group and ethnic minorities are particularly encouraged to participate in such classes. The class is conducted for 6 months. Apart from being able to read, write and calculate the participants are also trained on basic concept of health, nutrition, environment, human rights etc.

4. Community Development:
Some community development projects are commenced by the ICA integrating various issues such as income-generating activities, health, nutrition, family planning, environment etc. The basic objective of such projects is to help in establishing model villages in various parts of the country by integrating a holistic and participatory development approach. 

The ICA is also active in the field of drinking water and its quality management particularly in the rural area. The group demonstrates ways of quality treatment of drinking water among rural mass.

The ICA has carried out micro credit activities enabling poor people to carry out income generating activities such as pig and goat farming, rabbit raising, bee-keeping, tailoring, carpentry etc. This has enabled economically disadvantaged people to take part in entrepreneurial activities. 

The projects are undertaken to improve the living condition of so-called lower community at five different VDCs. The project is expected to develop awareness among the community towards their role in the development of the area. All of these activities will be undertaken in a participatory way.	

Membership:
The ICA has four types of membership i.e. advisory members, honorary members, associate members and full members. Only full members may apply for the executive committee in general bodies meeting.

The ICA has a 7-membered executive committee. The executive committee is advised by an advisory board comprising 5 members.

The group has a centrally located secretariat with basic physical facilities such as spacious office, computers, email etc.






 </textarea></td>

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	 <td><textarea name='proptitle' style='border-style: solid; border-width:1px; border-color: white white white white;width:125px;height:300px' id='proptitle' >Empowering Women through Income Generation Programs </textarea></td>
	 <td><textarea name='short' style='border-style: solid; border-width:1px; border-color: white white white white;width:175px;height:300px' id='short' >The proposed project aims to empower 400 women living in slum area of the City by providing small loan and necessary knowledge and skill. </textarea></td>
     <td><textarea name='description' style='border-style: solid; border-width:1px; border-color: black black black black;width:400px;height:300px' id='description' >Empowering Women through Income Generation Programs

A Project Proposal 

1. Background
There have been various programs to uplift the status of women. It is felt that the empowerment of women can be achieved best by improving economic condition. The improved economic condition is supposed to penetrate other dimension, especially leadership development and decision power both in household level as well as community level.

Micro-finance institutions are supposed to enhance the economic condition of the people. So many projects aim to include women in micro-finance institution. Most of the micro finance institutions are doing very well but still they lack system to reach to the most needy community. 

The proposed project aims to empower 400 women living in slum area of the City by providing small loan and necessary knowledge and skill. A series of income generation training will be organised. The products will be sold through the show room of ICA which has been established. We believe that with the implementation of this project, local deprived women will have economic and social improvement. 

2. Objectives
The proposed  project aims to develop the skill of women leader and manager in the field of micro finance management. The specific objective of this project is as follows:
•	To train 400 women leaders and managers to Saving and Credit organizations and proper accounting system, financial management.
•	To enhance their leadership skill in terms of human resources.
•	To help establish saving groups, easy and proper accounting system.
•	To established a system of participatory self-evaluation.  

3. Project Area & Beneficiaries
The proposed project aims to train 400 women from various slum areas of the City. 

5. Methodology:
A brief explanation of the main activities necessary to achieve the output outlined above are as follows:

a. Selection of the participant:
For this kind of training, participant should be quite literate and responsible person either being leading figures of the organization or account holder (keeper). However, participants will be selected with the help of concerned groups according to the criteria developed. They will be informed clearly of the criteria of selection as well. The confirmation of the participants and the details of the training (venue, date and other necessary information) will be informed to the responsible person and organization in the due course of time.

b. Selection Resource Persons (Trainers)
Resource persons will be selected based on the subject matter and their expertise in respective field. There will be 16 trainers (Resource persons) altogether for the training and priority will be given to include as many as women trainer not less than 50% in aggregate. 

c. Finalization of training course:
With the help of experts in the field of micro finance management, the proposed course of the training would be finalized. There will be one workshop to finalize the course content and related issues. The participants of this workshop will be trainers, experts from related field. The workshop will not only finalize the content of the training but also identify and finalize the resource materials as well. Priority will be given to make the resource materials more simple and the language will be local provided the condition that all participants necessarily not to be highly educated. 

Through training, local women living in the slum area will be enabled on income generation activities. They will be trained on sewing, doll making, bamboo items making, paper craft and pickle making. There will be 5 groups, so women interested on the particular programme will be allowed to join. 

d. Training
Altogether there will be 16 training for 400 women. Each training will be conducted for 6 consecutive days. Each training will comprise 25 participants. Various methodologies will be used like Group Facilitation Methods (GFM) developed by ICA. All participants will be provided the training manual along with necessary resource materials prepared. The necessary cost of each participant will be borne by this project. 

e. Evaluation of training  
The evaluation of the training course will be done at two levels. The first one will be during the course of training while the second one will be 2 months after the training. Both of these evaluations will be done with the help of ICA methods like basic discussion method, wall of wonder method, interaction method along with written feedback of the participants. The participants will fill a questionnaire both prior and after training so that the change in their understanding will help evaluate the training during training course.

6. Reporting
The reporting will be done in four phase. The first three reporting will be done during the training period. The inception report will be submitted immediate after beginning of training. It will include the activities undertaken till the first training from the very beginning.  The second brief report will be submitted at the middle part of training i.e. after completing 8 training. These two reports will include the evaluation of the training to date; as well as financial report also. The third brief report will be submitted after completion of all training.

7. Time Line

Project Activities/ Date		
	I	II	III	IV	V	VI	VII	VIII	IX
- Selection of participants
- Selection of trainers
- Finalization of course
   ( workshop)
- Training material preparation
- Training
- Evaluation of training
- Reporting
- Final report preparation &
   submission              
	






	





          
	




	




	




	




		


8. Budget
A. Training Cost ( one training)
D.A. Trainer (7day / 2 persons/ 1200.00)			= 16 800

Travelling Cost (For Trainers)					= 2 000

Participant Remuneration (25 X 150 X 7)			= 26 250
(including travelling, lodging, snack and food)

Stationary (manual, handouts etc.)			
     (25 participants / 300 per head)				= 7 500

Training Materials (Markers, card, raw materials etc)		= 6 350
								___________
		Sub total (one training)				= 58 900

			For 16 training: 	 58 900 X 16	  =  942 400

B. Workshop Cost
a. Course Evaluation (One day)
D.A. for participants
(32 trainers+4 experts X  500)				= 18 000

Stationary							=  4 000

Snack								=   6 000
								__________		
			Subtotal				= 28 000

b. Workshop Evaluation (One day)
Resource Persons 3 X  1 500					= 4 500

D.A. for participants
(32 Participants  300)					= 9 600

Stationary							= 4 000

Snack								= 6 000
								__________		
			Subtotal				24 100
									

C. Report Preparation
Report preparation cost (Training and Evaluation Reports)	= 15 000
(stationary, computer, typing, printing etc.)					

D. Audit							= 10 000
Auditor charge
							
E. Personnel Cost
Coordinator (8 months/  10 000)				  = 80 000
Support staff (8 months/  5 000)		  		  = 40,000
								____________		
				Subtotal			120 000

F. Administrative Cost
Travel / Communication					= 10,000
Stationary (Photo, slides etc.)					= 5 000
Limited contingency for inflation				= 10 000
								__________							Subtotal		25 000	

Grand Total					 1,164,500

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	 <td><textarea name='proptitle' style='border-style: solid; border-width:1px; border-color: white white white white;width:125px;height:300px' id='proptitle' >Increased income for poor families </textarea></td>
	 <td><textarea name='short' style='border-style: solid; border-width:1px; border-color: white white white white;width:175px;height:300px' id='short' >ICA will facilitate improved livelihoods by ensuring that poor people have a voice; by ensuring that they have access to, and control over, resources; and by ensuring that they are able to participate actively in sustainable development. </textarea></td>
     <td><textarea name='description' style='border-style: solid; border-width:1px; border-color: black black black black;width:400px;height:300px' id='description' >Increased income for poor families
•	VISION
ICA shall be a national   organisation working to improve the life of poor people through facilitating sustainable, human economic and social activities.
•	MISSION STATEMENT
ICA will facilitate improved livelihoods by ensuring that poor people have a voice; by ensuring that they have access to, and control over, resources; and by ensuring that they are able to participate actively in sustainable development.
•	OBJECTIVES
(i)	To facilitate processes, methods and structures that will enable individual communities and institutions to take responsibility for their own development
(ii)	To facilitate the inclusion of marginalised groups in decision making and ensure equality in the distribution of resources
(iii)	To promote farming practices that are economically viable, socially just and environmentally friendly.
(iv)	To enhance the capacity of communities to improve their livelihoods by establishing micro-finance facilities at local level and by promoting small business development.
(v)	To improve the health standards of rural communities through improved access to safe and adequate water supplies and sanitation.
(vi)	To promote research into, and publication of, development initiatives.
(vii)	To increase the capacity of communities to respond to, or mitigate the effects of, natural disasters and epidemics



•	VALUES
The values held by ICA are the following;
•	Participation: encouraging the use of participatory methodologies that generate and sustain ownership of decisions and actions.
•	Teamwork: for ICA to achieve its common goals, all members need to act co-operatively and collectively in a free, fair and supportive environment.
•	Social responsibility: advocating social responsibility and environmental sustainability within the communities and institutions ICA works with.

&#61472;1.1.8 Activities implemented to date

•	Community 1 Project
Objective: 	To improve the livelihoods of 4,000 resource-poor farmers and their families, increasing food and economic security.
Location: 	Central Province,  the country.
Period  :  2002 - 2006

RESULTS OF PROJECT
The project was working to increase crop production through sustainable agriculture. As a result both female and male headed households are on average eating 2.5 meals-a-day after their own food has run out. This compares to situation at the start of the project where 50% of households were eating only one meal-a-day in the lean season. All 4000 (2080 &1920) farmers were trained in sustainable agriculture at least three times and over. 3,100 farmers had adopted at least two sustainable agriculture practices. 102 Community Agriculture Facilitators (15&#9792; & 87&#9794;) were intensively trained as trainers. 2006 impact data indicated that 85% of the households surveyed received advice and support on sustainable farming methods, seed production and farm management from Community Agriculture Facilitators. Cash incomes rose by around 230 per year to around 700 annually over the lifetime of the project. The livestock programme has been a success with livestock numbers doubling in households that own cattle or goats.

•	Community 2 Livelihood Project

Objective: 	To improve the livelihoods of 1,000 resource-poor farmers and their families, increasing food and economic security.
Location: 	Central Province,  the country.
Period:  2006 - 2009
 
This is a 3 year project implemented by ICA and has an overall objective to reduce poverty for 6,000 people in 1,000 families Central Province,  the country through self-help initiatives. The project started in July 2006. An impact assessment done indicated that the families were all trained in sustainable agriculture and were found to be utilising at least one sustainable farming method. 65% were using at least 3 methods per family. It was found that 73% had adequate food throughout the year and only 27% were encountering food shortages.  The Annual Income Assessment reflected a 100% increase in income. People carried out a number of diversified income earning businesses including the following: selling Cattle, Chickens, Goats, Pigs, Guinea fowls and milk. The number of assets also increased and included cell phones, chickens, goats, grocery shops, cattle, houses, television sets, solar panels, bicycles and Ploughs. It also showed that the proportion of households using environmentally detrimental coping strategies had greatly reduced from between 80 to 100% to between 1 to 24%. 


•	Community 4 Project
Objective: 	To improve the livelihoods of 1200 resource-poor farmers and their families, increasing food and economic security.
Location: 	Province,  the country.
Period   :  2006- 2008
This is a three-year project implemented by the ICA has an overall objective to contribute to improving livelihoods of 1200 households in Chipapa. The specific objective is to improve food security through integrated community development mechanisms. 

•	Training for Enterprise, Transformation & Agriculture)

Objective: 	To improve the livelihoods of 2000 resource-poor farmers and their families, increasing food and economic security.
Location: 	Central Province,  the country
Period :          2008 - 2012
This is ICA’s new project. This project has been carefully designed based on the needs of the poor farmers and emerging opportunities to enable significant improvements in the livelihoods of 2,000 farming families to take place. The project focuses on four mutually reinforcing areas to build individual, household and community capacity to strengthen local livelihoods: 
•	Increased household food 
•	Support for people living with HIV and AIDS: 
•	Increased incomes for poor families: 
•	Capacity of local development organisations





•	Income Project

Objective: 	To increase incomes of 600 women through business entrepreneurship.
Location: 	Central Province,  the country.
Period: 2006 - 2009 
ICA is currently working with 600 women and has provided training and support on women’s rights and sustainable agriculture training. Also ICA has formed 35 ‘self-help groups’ with 386 of the women. Each group meets weekly and collects savings from group members. 

&#61472;1.1.9 Collaboration and networking
ICA has established strong relationships with the following organisations, which will be further strengthened throughout this project.  
-	ICA belongs to the HIV/AIDS Continental Initiative. These countries meet annually to share experiences and learning on HIV/AIDS. 
-	Belongs to the Self Help Sustainable Forum which is a network of 15 NGOs involved in poverty reduction
-	ICA is also a member of the SHA Business Development Forum
-	Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives who assist with training in environment, sustainable agriculture, food security and with extension work as they have technical expertise that can complement the ICA team; 
-	Ministry of Health  assist s with training of Care and Prevention Teams;
-	Biodiversity Conservation Network  assists with information related to nutritive values specifically of indigenous foodstuffs and formulation of appropriate diets;
-	 the country Users shares their experiences with beneficiaries and help with advice on diets and training.
-	New Start Centre assists in providing condoms and mobile Voluntary Counselling and Testing to help combat HIV/AIDs. Their assistance is free to the groups.
-	 A Trust has provided education materials and training in HIV/AIDS and opportunistic infections. ICA has good working relationship with them.
-	ICA  linkages with micro finance institutions who provide services to those households that need additional capital to expand their businesses. 
-	technical back-stopping in Business Development and Facilitation of Self Help Groups




2.0 &#61472;Management structure of the organization

The governance of ICA is vested in its Constitution and in the ICA Advisory Board. The Board is composed of respected citizens with valuable and varied experiences in the private, public and NGO sectors. They comprise a lawyer, an agriculturalist, a micro-finance banker, engineers, a pastor and private entrepreneurs who also sit on other NGO and private boards. The Board meets four times a year and oversees the work of the organisation (agreeing policies and strategies under supervision of the Director). A finance sub-committee meets quarterly. The Board appoints a Director to manage the NGO. In addition to the paid staff there is a team of around 135 volunteers at the community level. ICA itself is staffed by people who have enormous experience of participatory management of community interventions at both project and organizational levels. 




                                                       










	






















.  Brief description of the proposed project
Like many other regions in the country, the economic base of the district is mainly agricultural. Thus many on the small business opportunities are based on services and products associated with agriculture and the wider natural resource base.  the country’s Fifth National Development Plans (2006 -2010) stress the importance for national development of agriculture, creating wealth through strengthening the linkages the rural economy to the market economy, and having a strong civil society. This proposal directly responds to that.
 This project will be implemented in the southern province. The population is 1,212,124. The prevalence rate for southern province is currently at 16.2% ranks as the third highest in  the country and is one of the most densely populated areas according to estimates of 2004 from the National AIDS Council, was the second highest in terms of HIV prevalence of 22.5% with a total number of 25,024 People Living With HIV/AIDS. The overall poverty levels of are high at 76% (CSO – living conditions in  the country, 1998) while 59% of the people are classified extremely poor). About 90% of the district’s inhabitants depend on agriculture for their livelihood.  


Despite being close to two of  the country’s major highways, the area remains extremely poor and relies heavily on subsistence farming, the sale of charcoal,  petty trading and sand mining. There’s lack of meaningful off-season income generating activities targeted at poor people. Most of the people have only one meal per day for some of the year and are finding it difficult to meet household needs. HIV/AIDS prevalence rate for the District is 22.5%.

Over the next three years, the project will increase income for 1200 poor people having started already with 200 PLWA through increased participation by the poor in business development and enterprise. The skilled project team and a motivated group of volunteers will support and empower individuals and improve how the community works together in response to the challenge of increasing incomes. The focus is on working with poor households to transform their lives through increased involvement in profitable businesses. The project will also facilitate linkages with micro finance institutions (MFIs) to provide services to those households that need additional capital to expand their businesses. It is expected that they will continue servicing members of the community beyond the lifetime of the project as meeting the needs of communities is congruent with their organisational goals. 
The project will also use lessons from the first one year of the project to encourage people to think creatively about what they could grow based on the market opportunities as well as working, especially with those people near the highway.
4.  Key Findings of the Community Needs Assessment 

The Highway passes right through the community. The proximity to the main road and major towns makes the area prone to serious environmental issues. This area appears to be particularly hard hit due to its geographical location and high poverty levels. The combination of sand mining and extremely high levels of charcoal burning have in the long run contributed to high poverty levels as these have changed the landscape making parts of the area unfit for agricultural production. If this continues unchecked a whole land mass will be lost and people will become poorer than they already are. Their very livelihoods are being eroded as important assets are taken for very little remunerations.

ICA with support from an independent expert conducted a needs assessment in the target area in March 2008. This confirmed the following problems as priorities for poor households:

•	A lack of paid employment and low numbers of households involved in successful income generating activities and poor access to markets together with poor business analysis skills.
•	Poor community organisation and weak local structures for communities to engage with and influence local decision-making
•	Hunger due to low production focused on a narrow range of crops, declining soil quality, limited money to buy inputs, limited availability of seed and fertilizer, loss of draft animals
•	High HIV/AIDS prevalence, the impact of which is exacerbated by the poor quality of health care and diet.


The following table summarises some of the demographic characteristics from a sample undertaken as part of the community needs assessments conducted to inform the design of this project.




COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT FINDINGS
	DEMOGRAPHIES

Number of people sampled 	65	
Total population in household	399	
Number of male aged under 10 years	67	17%
Number of females aged under 10 years	57	14%
Number of male aged  10 - 14 years	42	11%
Number of females aged 10 - 14 years	40	10%
Number of male aged  15 – 50 years	74	11%
Number of females aged 15 - 50 years	77	19%
Number of male aged  over 50 years	17	4%
Number of females aged over 50 years	25	6%
Number of male headed households	35	54%
Number of female headed households	30	46%
Proportion of poor households		32%
Proportion of poorest of the poor		38%

With such a high proportion of households (70+ %) belonging to the poor and poorest category in the project area the underlying causes for individual households varies. However, community members cited the following reasons for the numbers in poor/poorest category:- 
•	Female headed families are either divorced or widowed with a number of children to support. This means a lack of labour to help in farming therefore the area farmed is often smaller with less use of improved farming techniques. 
•	A large number of families consist of chronically ill household heads or other adults as well as infirm elderly household members.
•	Poverty in the community encourages temporary or permanent migration to look for work in other parts of  the country, reducing the available productive labour force in the community
•	Some women feel their husbands are lazy or drunkards who frequently sell their goods.
A significant proportion of the children are orphans (16%) as a direct result of HIV/AIDS and 32% of the households support orphans.

The survey indicated that 46% of the households are female headed, 54% are male headed. The main reasons cited for presence of female headed households is the death of spouse due to HIV/AIDS.  It is important to note that 16% of the total population suffered from malnutrition. This could be attributed to inadequate access to food, unbalanced diets and poor health due to the effects of HIV/AIDS cited by the respondents. On average 29% out of the 65 households interviewed kept orphans
	


ENTERPRENUERSHIP
Income 
Annual income from Livestock/sandmining/charcoal	6,168,000	1927.5
Annual income from Crops	365,000	114
Annual income from Wages	-	-
Total Annual income	9,563,000	2988
Average annual household income	147123	45
Average annual household monthly income	12,260	14
Average income per day	436	14 cents

The income level for poor people in the area was very low. Most of them were not involved in any meaningful income earning venture. The average income per day is below US$ 1 per day. This was because of lack of meaningful income sources. Most of them are involved in irreversible coping strategies such as processing for food grain meant for seeds, reducing size of food portions, reducing the number of meals per day, going to bed on an empty stomach, uncontrolled cutting of trees, letting children drop out of school and breaking marriages. There are no Micro – finance institutions in the area and no local credit facilities apart from Shylocks who lend money at exorbitant interest rates. The main income generating activities in order of importance were charcoal burning, sand mining, sweet beer and vegetables. Due to low agriculture production levels with no surplus for sale, most people are not engaged in agro related enterprises. Where a few individuals have managed to produce for sale, they have faced challenges in marketing due to poor marketing arrangements and infrastructure. There are no major financial service institutions operating in the area. A few people receive support through the Fertilizer Support Program from the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives. 

5.  OBJECTIVE 
The objective is to increase incomes for 1500 poor people (100 Self Help Groups) through successful group savings and local enterprises over the next three years: The project will facilitate self-help group formation for business enterprises. 1500 individuals living closest to the main highway will attend business skills training. While not providing credit directly, ICA will negotiate with microfinance providers with a view to them commencing work in the area supporting new and existing enterprises at a later stage. The project will make the livelihoods of the families targeted more secure by addressing household, wider socio-political and economic drivers of poverty. The indicators for the above are the following:
•	75% of targeted households operate successful business ventures due to improved business skills
•	75% of the targeted households increase income by 100%  
•	Greater diversity and value of household income for 1200 households
•	Increased linkages to markets and better prices obtained for specific commodities
•	Sustainable linkages with micro-credit finance providers and relevant government organs and 30% of the 1200 obtaining external loans. 
•	Increased savings through Self Help Groups and at least 95% obtain loans from group savings
•	Formation of 8 Cluster Level Associations each consisting of 10 Self Help Groups (SHGs) with capacity to deal with issues affecting SHGs and the wider community.
6. Target Beneficiaries
The target group is the poorest and the poor categories (32% poor, 38% poorest of the poor) of the households as gauged by the wealth ranking exercise undertaken during the participatory assessments in March 2008. The project will target 1500 households. This represents the majority of households living in poverty. Ultimately this will lead to 9000 final beneficiaries from these households. These final beneficiaries will include all the other men, women and children living in the households and individuals participating in project activities. Most of the individuals that the project will work with will be aged from 18 to 50 years. 60% of target group will be women. 












7. ACTIVITIES
Increased incomes for poor families through 1200 successful local enterprises by end of project


Summary: The project will support a range of activities to develop the ability of local communities to identify, analyse, exploit and evaluate business or economic opportunities in their environments. Sound business skills, including marketing, are essential for the successful performance of any activity. The project will facilitate self-help group formation for business enterprises. 1500 individuals living closest to the main highway will attend business skills training. Support will be given in conducting value chain analysis on processed vegetables, mushrooms and fruit products to understand market opportunities. This will be backed up by targeted inputs to develop the skills of local entrepreneurs to exploit these opportunities. While not providing credit directly, ICA will negotiate with microfinance providers with a view to them commencing work in the area supporting new and existing enterprises. 

7.1.1 The project will facilitate the selection and training of 100 business support volunteers in entrepreneurship, business skills, micro-enterprise development programmes and marketing. This process will build community capacity and the volunteers will be able to support their fellow farmers to develop aspects of enterprises that are common to, or have potential in, the areas they reside. The project will work together with beneficiaries to devise ways in which these volunteers can be compensated and motivated and how business groups themselves can meet the costs of supporting this service. The strategy will establish, by the end of the project, a community based resource able to provide continuing advice to local income-generating initiatives. 

7.1.2 Basic Business Skills Training: A comprehensive training programme will target 1500 beneficiaries. It will be delivered by the Business Development Facilitator and 4 Community Facilitators. This will assist participating groups and households to generate their own business ideas, start new businesses and improve existing ones. Key stages will be to:
-	Assist individuals to develop the criteria and skills to identify potential economic or business opportunities.
-	Facilitate viability analyses (including cost benefit analysis, and assessment of the risks involved) among households and groups for identified opportunities
-	Strengthen basic money management skills
-	Facilitate formulation of action plans to detail how the identified economic opportunities will be exploited, taking into account possible constraints and how these would be overcome. The plans developed will detail the roles that household or group members will play and those of the project in addressing the constraints identified.
-	Practical training in basic business management with a strong focus on marketing skills. 
-	To back up this highly participatory training, the programme will also utilise experiential learning through exposure visits to markets, traders and other successful rural entrepreneurs. 

7.1.3 Production of Training Resource Materials: The project proposes to use and adapt the materials produced for running Self Help Groups.  These provide a general framework for business management training and will be adapted to the local context. Training manuals on both business and technical skills aimed at staff, volunteers and participating groups and households will be produced.

7.1.4 Improve Market Information Gathering and Dissemination. Access to accurate information is one of the most important factors able to improve identification and exploitation of markets. The project will facilitate improved access to market information for participating households and groups. In some villages, this may benefit from mobile cell-phone access. Local information points will be established to gather share and distribute market information. These will use bill-boards where participants will be free to place advertisements on their products and prices offered. Groups will be encouraged to collect information about buyers of various products locally and further-a-field.

7.1.5 Community Enterprise Development: Participating households will be encouraged to come together in groups with a business focus. Women-only groups will be encouraged whenever appropriate as experiences from other ICA supported projects have shown positive developments whenever this approach has been used. Households involved in production of a particular commodity will be encouraged to collaborate where there is scope to improve production and increase income. They will be assisted in forming business groups around a specific commodity; such as mushrooms or honey. They will be supported to improve their production methods and in business aspects of trading their commodity including bulking up for marketing. 

7.1.6 Establish linkages to financial institutions: The need for additional capital is often identified as a major constraint to promoting business among rural people. The project will link vibrant income-generating groups to micro-finance institutions (MFIs) within the province. The MFIs will provide savings and credit services to enable businesses to grow.
In summary the following are the outputs:
•	2 Project Staff and 4 Community Facilitators trained in business and facilitation skills
•	Selection and training of 100 Community Volunteers in entrepreneurship, business skills, micro-enterprise development programmes and marketing
•	Training and follow up support to 1500 entrepreneurs in business, marketing and technical skills. 
•	1500 farmers involved in savings and lending with successful businesses
•	Formation of 100 Self Hep Groups
•	Establish 5 market  information points
•	Negotiate and Establish linkages to Micro Finance Institutions 

•	Undertake exposure visits and a participatory market research survey

•	Formation of two business groups around a specific commodity; such as mushrooms or honey.



8. Making the project accessible
The project will be open to all community members and barriers to participation will be overcome through:
-	Actively targeting the poorest. The wealth ranking exercise that identifies relative poverty typically in three groupings (better off, poor and poorest). The project will focus on the poor and poorest households. Relatively better off members of the community may also make valuable contributions (at village level people may self-exclude and it is counter-productive to force individuals to participate).
-	Agreeing a participation plan with communities. Communities will be sensitised to the importance of equal access to project activities. Potential constraints to participation will be identified at this stage and solutions generated with the community. Many issues will relate to the participation of women. Activities to mitigate this include running single sex meetings, scheduling meetings at times that do not conflict with other activities and recruiting women as community trainers/CBO leaders. 
Negotiating long-term access to communal natural resources (water, forest, wetlands) for marginalised community members, especially women. Careful preparation and process is necessary with the endorsement of the traditional leaders. Participatory planning exercise need to anticipate conflicts and find ways forwards – this also requires a patient approach
9.Institutional Sustainability
ICA has a long-term agenda for the target area. The capacity that this project will build will go towards enhancing long term benefits to the target group in this area and beyond. Strengthened Community Facilitators and Cluster Level Associations will continue to provide support to SHGs in the area. 

9.1.1 Community Based Organisations
As previously stated, a central component of this project is capacity building for community organisations. The capacity building component aims to establish robust and durable community structures, not simply to continue managing project activities but to ensure the continuation and expansion of activities that benefit the local population indefinitely. This reflects ICA’s approach to development as a process of change. 

To summarize, farmers will be organised in SHGs and in addition women will have the opportunity to join business groups. These will be responsible for the continuation and management of activities among target groups after the end of the project..


9.1.2 Traditional Leaders 
Often the people in the area work as individual farmers and not in groups. They respect the authority of their chief through his representatives called village head-men. These leaders are responsible for uniting the people in many socio – cultural issues including participation in community projects. The support of the chief is therefore essential for any operational organisation in rural  the country and is aware of and supports the work of ICA in the area. Adequate awareness raised will be conducted among traditional leaders on their role in supporting the project – for example as custodians of land and natural resources.

9.1.3 Women
This project deliberately aims to reduce poverty on a sustainable basis – one of the key strategies to achieve this is through the economic empowerment of women. This approach reflects a general recognition of the potential for women to improve the lot of the family and also the gender specific detail gathered in the Needs Assessment Survey. Further gender analysis will be conducted in the early stages using participatory gender analysis tools and the project expects 60% of all members to be women (representation amongst leaders will not be so high due to time constraints).

Traditionally women have been disadvantaged in access and control of economic benefits and their participation along side men is normally limited. The project will alter some of these socio – cultural norms resulting from gender discrimination. It is therefore important to anticipate possible difficulties arising from a more prominent role for women. The project will carefully work with the community groups to further understanding, acceptance and encouragement of the involvement of women. The Self-Help Groups focusing on women will be balanced by the support to male farmers through the revolving seed and animal facilities. 



8. What is your organization’s current involvement in the community?
ICA commenced pilot activities in the area in September, 2005, after a community rural assessment in October 2004 which identified many problems, including deforestation, declining crop yields, animal diseases, and lack of clean water, illiteracy, poor roads, lack of alternative sources of income and the impact of the HIV/AIDS pandemic. ICA is currently working with 200 PLWHA and has provided training and support on HIV/AIDS, business development, women’s rights and sustainable agriculture training. Also ICA has formed 5 ‘self-help groups’ in the area. Each group meets weekly and collects savings from group members. From their savings the first 5 SHG members lend each other money to support businesses. Although it is early days the number of business ventures among members has increased and within 6 months each group has raised over 300,000 in group savings. These groups have not yet received any external financing. They have undergone training in business management and record keeping. The ICA intends to scale up this effort to reach more women and children through the formation of 80 more SHGs and 4 Cluster Level Association. 
ICA will ensure that the project is effectively carried out through implementing the activities required to achieve the project outcomes. They will be responsible for making all the necessary linkages with external experts in the area and the local government. All monitoring related to the field work will be carried out by ICA. ICA has successfully implemented a 4 year food security project and is currently delivering 2 similar projects and therefore have the experience and skills to facilitate this action. ICA also has worked with 600 women in the area of mobilising savings and lending and women’s rights. ICA has a good working relationship with and support from the traditional authority of the area. This proposal therefore presents an opportunity to scale up the activities and reach more poor people.

10. Monitoring and Evaluation
Project monitoring system is to be set up in the first month of project implementation, starting with baseline data collection (to establish the basis for measuring impact). It will collect additional information to that provided by community groups and thereby monitor progress against objectives. The aim is to ensure accurate information to inform timely project decision-making. Co-coordinated by the Project Manager, activities will include:
o	Stakeholder meetings at least every 3 months.
o	Quarterly and annual narrative and financial reports.
o	Annual reviews and planning exercises
o	Sharing of documentation within and beyond the stakeholders to other interested parties: NGOs, donors and the government of  the country.
 Participatory data collection exercise: At the onset of the project, an internal participatory data collection exercise will be conducted by ICA to benchmark each of the indicators outlined in this proposal. The data will set the yardstick for future measurement of progress during and after the project intervention. The exercise will primarily be a questionnaire based survey with a sample of households. Focus groups with project stakeholders will review and analyse the main findings. This information will be additional to what is already available. 

 Mid-term review: At the end of six months, a mid term assessment will be done in order to take stock of progress thus far and consider potential adjustment to the approach, targets and other aspects of the project based on experience to date. This assessment will also identify aspects of the project that may require further support beyond this particular initiative. The mid-term assessment will use a mix of focus group analysis with beneficiary groups, individual interviews with key stakeholders and analysis of project data to assess progress towards expected outputs and impacts.

 End of term evaluation: In the final three months of the project, a participatory end of project evaluation to assess how far the project has gone towards achieving its output/impacts will be done. It will also recommend further action to local community members and partners as well as collaborating organisations and institutions. The methods will be similar to the mid term review and will also include some primary data collection through questionnaires.

Community-based participatory planning and monitoring systems will be established in line with other ICA supported projects. Mapping tools, seasonal calendars and timelines will be used to develop and review plans and monitor income, production and practices.  Both quantitative and qualitative information will be analysed. A community monitoring system is important to ensure that target beneficiaries are fully involved in informing how the project is progressing. 
  On-going Project Monitoring Tools
 Coverage: All 600 households working with an environmental group supported by the project will be recorded in a register. The records will be maintained and updated, as individuals join or drop out, by community volunteers and field staff. ICA management will cross check random sample records. These records detail the activities individual households are involved in.
Expected Outputs and impact: These will be tracked using a project data-recording sheet which will be updated by ICA quarterly in time for review meetings and reported to the donor. These data will tend to be quantitative and form part of the evidence base for the annual report. Data sheets from individual field staff will be aggregated by ICA management. Through meetings that are part of the community-based monitoring system, these records can be verified and cross-checked. The mid-term review and end of project assessments will use these records to triangulate findings.

Capturing qualitative changes around the expected impact will be carried out in two ways:
-	Case studies describing how individual lives of beneficiaries have been affected by the project 
-	Change stories focused on more significant changes in attitudes to the environment, rural enterprise and the institutional environment will be written by beneficiaries, field staff and other collaborating partners. 

Financial Monitoring
Expenditure will be reported every 6 months (this will depend on Global Environment Facility Conditions). An independent audit of the project will be carried out annually. 
Processes to reinforce effective planning, monitoring and evaluation
Inception workshop: Prior to starting the project, an inception workshop will be held involving all key stakeholders and participants in the project. The workshop will serve to build a common understanding of the major concepts, procedures and expected outputs and impact for the project. The workshop will also serve to review the monitoring and evaluation plan for the project. Work plans as well as roles and responsibilities of each participating organisation will be clarified. 

Lesson learning will be a key feature of the project with case studies and reviews of different activities and components. Discussion forums will be encouraged and strong learning through action culture developed amongst project staff and community members.

Training of all community groups and staff in participatory monitoring approaches: All the 100 SHG that the project will facilitate will undergo training in participatory monitoring and evaluation, as will the staffs that supports them. In this way, the monitoring system for the project will be internalised by the community and its structures and will remain useful long after the project has phased out.  

&#61472;11.  How will project results be sustained without follow-on funding? 
The following are the design elements for achieving sustainability: 
•	Institutionally, the project will enhance the capacity of local structures and community based organisations so that local needs of poor people are met beyond the project period.
•	Financially and economically, moving beyond subsistence agriculture allows households to invest in farming, business enterprises and the human capital in the household.
•	Socially, the active participation of men and women in the project will enable gendered constraints to securing livelihoods to be addressed – i.e. land tenure, violence, HIVAIDS


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	 <td><textarea name='proptitle' style='border-style: solid; border-width:1px; border-color: white white white white;width:125px;height:300px' id='proptitle' >Leadership Training and Integrated Development </textarea></td>
	 <td><textarea name='short' style='border-style: solid; border-width:1px; border-color: white white white white;width:175px;height:300px' id='short' >The target beneficiaries for this program include men and women from the ages 18 year though 60 years. The programme targets 14 villages of The community Location. While the Self Help Group component of the programme would target 30 women groups in 15 villages where the Leadership Training and Integrated Development programme phase one would be completed  </textarea></td>
     <td><textarea name='description' style='border-style: solid; border-width:1px; border-color: black black black black;width:400px;height:300px' id='description' >
A. Leadership Training and Integrated Development


Title of the project: - continuation of Leadership Training and Integrated Development Programme Phase II


Project period: January 2010 to December 2012 (3 years)


Total Budget for the project three years: 16, 894, 502








B. Social, Political and Economic back ground

a)  the country

Economic feel from 7.1 million to 1.7 in 2008, the dramatic decline recorded last year shows the full impact of the post election violence, instability in the Government and drought. According to the economic survey, done by the Ministry of National Planning, vision 2030 the plan that was carried at catapulting  the country into to the ranks of newly industrialized countries was under serious threat.

The Major sector of Agriculture and  the country performed poorly. There are 18, 000 fewer jobs created in 2008 year.

The Minister for planning when released the survey said, “All I can say is that meeting the vision objectives is now a challenge. The economic survey notes that, growth in the whole scale and retail sector declined from 11.5% to 5.1%

The manufacturing sector too registered a 3.8% growth rate last year down from 6.5% in 2007 The net effect was that the purchasing power of  the countryns feel as steady rise in the cost of living eroded household revenues. Inflation rate rose to 25% between January and April touching a high rate of 31.5% the following month of May 2008. This resulted into majority of  the countryns cutting spending for essentials.

According to the economic survey 2009, agriculture declined by 5% in 2008. Export earning agricultural sub sector like Horticulture declined from . 67.3Bilion in 2007 to . 58 Billion in 2008. Local Maize production reduced from 32.5 Million bags in 2007 to 26 Million bags 2008.The Economic survey further notes that, while post election violence and high inflation rate occasion by fuel prices dug in to the sector lack of structural policy accelerated the fall. The high cost of agricultural inputs like seeds and fertilizer worsened the situation leading in to low production in both food and cash crops.  

The post election violence resulted to loss of lives, displacement of people from their farms, destruction of property and destruction of crops. The post election violence aftermath is being experienced in the country in which majority of the displaced persons are still living in internally displaced persons Camps (IDP camps). This coupled with poor weather patterns / draught has led to the agricultural sector leading to 50% negative growth rate.

The contraction in the agricultural production led to price increase of most of the food commodities says the survey. Production of maize, the stable food declined from 32.5 million bags in 2007 to 26 million bags in 2008, about 14 million bags that  the countryns consumes annually. That rate fall forced the Government to seek 26 million to import food.

The survey notes that, the Tourism that used to be leading foreign exchange earner and a key employer recorded a massive minus 36% decline against 16.3% growth rate in 2007. The sector earning dropped to 52.7 billion against 65.2 billion in 2007.

The construction and Education, largely driven by the Government high involvement in Road projects and free Primary and subsidized Secondary education programmes are the only sectors that performed better than they did in 2007.
The construction industry grew by 8.3% compared to 6.9% in 2007 while education expanded by 5.8% in the year against 3.7 in 2007.

On the political front, the squabbles in the coalition Government between the major partners keeps on heightening the political temperatures in the country. The political class is doing this at a time when the internally displaced persons are still in the camps. 10 million  the countryns are facing starvation and 56% of the population lives below the poverty line.

A commission of enquiry in the post election violence was established by the Government. 

The mandate of that commission was to probe on the major causes of the violence and come up with a recommendation so that such occurrence would not be repeated in the future and that those who financed or supported the violence would face justice.

The alternative forum number 24 2008/9 notes, an authoritative newsletter on Development issues. On the report noted that, Indeed the  report is one of the boldest reports since independence. Besides rumbling the mighty across the political divide, provides far reaching recommendations that will end election impunity in  the country. The report further notes that, “certainly the commission made a full faithful and impartial inquiry” 

To break the cycle of impunity, which was at the heart of the post election violence, the report recommended the creation of a special tribunal with the mandate to present crimes committed as a result of the post election violence.

The proposed tribunal if established was to have an international out look with non- the countryn being part of the presentation and investigation staff. The  commission was keen on ending the culture, which has permeated within the  the countryn society. 

Over a period of time, there has been a deliberate effort by politicians to obtain power since the early 90s plus the decision not to punish perpetrators, which has led to culture of impunity and instant escalation of violence. The report has indicated that there have not been any serous efforts made by any Government to punish perpetrators of violence or to address the plight of their victims.

The  commission recommended that, in default of settling up the local tribunal, the names of the alleged perpetrators to be handed over to the special prosecutor of the International Criminal Court based in The Hague to conduct further investigation. The motion to set up a local tribunal was debated in parliament early this year and it was defeated. That leaves The Hague option as the only viable option.

Poverty is a breading ground for political violence and violence brings poverty inequality and consistent marginalization of some ethnic groups in sharing of national resources including land and services polarized the violence. The report appears that  the countryns are concerned that resources are distributed inadequately and were quick to point out the inequities. For example over 60% of the population in Capital city city hire in the slums, last year the Government appointed another Independent review commission headed by a judge to look into constitutional and legal frame work in relation to General Elections. On December 5th, 2008 Parliament anonymously adopted the report. The report had strongly recommended that there was a need for radical reform of the electoral commission on the creation of a new electoral management body with a new name and image committed to administrative, excellence in the sense of electoral integrity, composed of a Policy making and a supervisory Board selected in a transparency and inclusive manner.

On December 15th 2008, parliament passed a law to form an interim Independent Electoral Commission. The members of the Interim Independent Electroral Commission were this year in May appointed and the former electoral commission was disbanded.

On constitutional reforms, the constitution review of Bill 2008 to facilitate the completion of the review of the  the country constitution has been enacted and a team of experts to move the process have been appointed.

The unemployment of the youth in  the country is contributing to the establishment of gangs and militias groups that are threat to National security. According to recent media reports, one of the outlawed gangs mostly operating in Capital city and the wider central Province, has been accused of murdering 26 people

There is an urgent need to tackle the unemployment amongst the youth because they currently constitute about 60% of the adult population in  the country. The Government established the Youth Enterprise Fund. However, the efforts need to be completed by both the civil society and the private sector. The Government’s plan to raise the retirement age fro 55 years to 60 years is a slap on the face of the youth in this country.

b) location 

The community location lies in the newly created District that was curved out of  District. This is in line with the new government policy of making every constituency in the country to become a district. This is meant to bring resources and services closer to the people. Currently, the Government is in the process of establishing the offices of various ministries in the District. The District headquarters have been situated in Town which is 65 Km from The community location. The area has a new member of parliament. The community location now lies in the new Division. The location has a new elected civic leader. The community shopping center was in 2008 installed with electric power. This is expected to improve the local economy of the location. The inhabitants of the location are mainly subsistence farmers who rely on rain fed agriculture. The crops grown in the location includes maize, beans, cowpeas, sorghum and green grams as the main food crops. The Location has poor road infrastructure with no tarmac road and 10% of the population has access to piped water. The location has been adversely affected by droughts in which there has been total crop failure for the last consecutive two years. Following the persistent droughts, the people have resulted to detrimental coping mechanisms of burning and selling of charcoal. This business has led to cutting down of trees without replacing them thus leading to environmental degradation. Other income generating activities include, weaving of baskets mainly for women, micro business, buying and selling of livestock and casual labour. In April 2009 the area chief and other two representatives from the location participated in the review of ICA HIV and AIDS policy.

C. RATIONALE FOR THE PROJECT AND TARGET GROUP TO BE ADDRESSED BY THE PLANNED PROJECT

The community location has four sub- locations with 29 villages. During the first phase of the LTID programme for the period 2007- 2009, 15 villages were covered. The LTID phase two is aimed at covering the other two sub-locations with 14 villages in total. The 14 villages in the two new sub –locations have no development strategic plans for their villages. Lack of the plans in the two sub-locations and villages will lead to lack of focus for development activities in the villages. This in return will affect the socio-economic development of both men and women. Lack of plans in the villages has been contributed primarily by inadequate leadership skills for the leaders in the sub-locations and the villages. A low level of education is partly one of the key causes of the inadequate leadership skills. There is therefore a need to organize and facilitate strategic planning events (SPE) at village level as well as the sub-location level as well as training leaders on leadership and facilitation skills. 
 According to the baseline survey conducted by ICA in 2007 in the location, Poor farming methods (inadequate dry land farming techniques) is one of the contributing factor to food insecurity in the location. The effect of lack of enough food throughout the year results to malnutrition, hunger and starvation, increased drop out of children from schools as well as charcoal burning which has been cited as one of the coping mechanism for food insecurity. This has in turn resulted to environmental degradation including soil erosion. This trend would be reversed by practical training on sustainable agriculture and agro forestry.
According to the baseline survey conducted by ICA in The community location in 2007, 79% of the people interviewed reported to have insufficient knowledge about HIV and AIDS prevention, care and support for people living with HIV and AIDS. If this is not brought to rest may result to increased new infections, reduced productivity of men and women as well as increased HIV and AIDS orphaned children. There is a dire need for an intervention of behavior change for the community. 
 The baseline survey report indicates that, there is only one VCT facility is in Health Center 65Km from the location. The traveling cost and time taken to access the VCT facility is challenging to the The community community. This results to many people not having direct access to the facility thus challenging the prevention mitigation measures. Establishment of mobile VCT in the villages will go along way in enabling the community to have a direct access to the VCT services and would reduce time and money spend on traveling to distance places. 
People Living with HIV and AIDS are faced with a couple of challenges. Depressions, medication, fear of death, stigmatization, fatigue as well as lack of goal setting. Positive self-management programme is therefore necessary to enable people living with HIV and AIDS to live normal lives. 
Due to power imbalance in the traditions between men and women, women whose husbands have died face many challenges; Denial of inheritance and succession of their deceased husbands estate, violation of Human Rights as well as exploitation by the deceased husbands kinsmen. Training on paralegal for the widows is necessary to equip them with knowledge to fight discrimination and injustice. 
Although the The community community was not affected during the post election violence there are regular conflicts among and between families especially in land and property ownership matters. This creates a lot tension and misunderstanding among and between families. In addition, there are reported cases of domestic violence where husbands beat wives for unspecified and unjustified reasons. There is therefore need to sensitize the community on peaceful conflict resolution mechanism.  
 The Baseline survey conducted by ICA in 2007 indicated that there is a major disparity between men and women. Women do not own land and this limits their production ability and capacity. The farm output (harvest) is generally controlled by the men. However, it should be noted that it is the women who provide most of the manual labour in the farms. In addition women in community do not own cattle and cannot make decision on sale or disposal of cattle despite that they are the ones who takes care of them. The Gender disparity becomes a burden to women. This calls for community sensitizations on gender through campaigns and training.

Women in rural areas are faced with number of challenges; over 50% of the women living in the rural areas in  the country are either semi- illiterate or are illiterate. Majority of them have limited access to credit facilities, better health care, water and Electricity. 

Rural women are Vulnerable to Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) as well as HIV and AIDS infections. Domestic violence, rape and Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) are some of other challenges faced mostly by women living in rural areas. This situation leads to the “Feminization” of poverty in rural areas and that means “the poor of the poorest” are mostly women. Due to self depreciation, this group of people rarely associated themselves with other people and tends to even isolate themselves with the rest of the society.

A statement by  the funder titled “Justice for the poor 2000, challenges and areas of activities notes that, “Political and Economical decisions are mostly taken by men. In many societies women are assigned to tasks in Education, food preparation, household activities, health care and caring for the sick and the old. Where women do find employment in production industries, they are mainly given subordinate, poorly paid and temporally jobs without social security benefits. By way of justification, there is the attempt also in democratic societies to revive the more traditional norms. In some countries, religious and cultural fundamentalism adds to the social and political checks imposed on women. In situation armed conflict, in which the elementary rules of human coexistence are sacrificed the interest of imposing power, women and children are the ones to suffer the most.

In many instances, women hold their own views concerning the organization of work and family life, production and reproduction and not least dealing with nature. Women’s groups have sprung up in many places seeking to work together in order to change their conditions against all resistance. Where discriminatory occur, there are almost invariably organizations which are eager to abolish them. Women peruse economic activities and thus ensure the survival of their families. But at the same time they advocate a basic change in social conditions.

There is therefore a need to empower the women in rural areas to build a strong society of women living in the rural to break the cycle of poverty and enable them to live dignified lives.

The target beneficiaries for this program include men and women from the ages 18 year though 60 years. The programme targets 14 villages of The community Location. While the Self Help Group component of the programme would target 30 women groups in 15 villages where the Leadership Training and Integrated Development programme phase one would be completed. The programmes will directly benefit the following types of people:
•	140 leaders 10 from each of the 14 villages (5 men and 5 women) through leadership training and exchange forum.
•	480 people through strategic planning events (30 per village 15 men and 15 women per village and 30 from each of the two sub locations)
•	280 farmers from 14 villages, 20 per village (10 men and 10 women) through sustainable Agriculture and Agro forestry training
•	280 farmers through exchange visits.
•	100 widows through paralegal training 50 per sub-location
•	280 people through HIV and AIDS prevention education training
•	1500 community residents from 14 villages through Voluntary counseling and testing.
•	60 people living with HIV and AIDS through Positive self management training
•	600 people through peace and conflict resolution campaign (one campaign with 100 people per sub location per year for three years for two sub location)
•	100 people through Gender training, 50 from each sub location (25 men and 25 women from each sub location)
•	140 community residents and leaders through stakeholder for a
•	600 women from 30 self Help Groups in 

Majority of the beneficiaries are subsistence farmers who are mostly Christians. ethnic community predominantly inhabits the area. The criteria for the selection of the target beneficiaries would be the willingness and motivation to work with the programme. Other consideration would be equal participation of both women and Men, and local leaders.

The target beneficiaries for the programme participated in a baseline survey that was done in the area in 2007 and articulated the development needs of the area. The beneficiaries would involved in attending training, voluntary counseling and testing, peace and conflict resolution campaigns, follow up meeting, monitoring trips and evaluation of the project components.

D. OBJECTIVES, GOALS AND INDICATORS 

a) Overall Goal

The overall goal of the LTID programme phase two is to empower the The community community with relevant skills and knowledge to undertake their own development in a sustainable manner.

b) Indicators

Leadership Training: This will be measured against the number of people trained and are able to effectively facilitate planning sessions and meetings in their own sub locations and villages as well as monitoring of development projects. 

Strategic Planning Events: The success would be measured against a two-year comprehensive strategic plan for each of the 14 villages as well as the two sub locations and how the plans are being coordinated by leaders and implemented by community residents.

Sustainable Agriculture and Agro-forestry training: The success would be measured against the percentage of people trained and using dry land farming techniques in their farms, the increase on food production per acreage and the number of trees planted per farmer.

Para – Legal Training: The success would be measured against the number of people trained and are able to use the skills.

HIV and AIDS Prevention Education Training: The success would be measured against the number of people trained and have changed their behavior, attitude and perception on HIV and AIDS. 

Voluntary Counseling and Testing: The success would be measured against number of people counseled and tested on HIV and AIDS in every village.

Positive Self– Management Programme Training: The success would be measured against the number of People Living with HIV and AIDS trained and are using the skills acquired. 

Peace and Conflict Resolutions: This would be measured against the number of campaigns organized and the number of people attending the campaigns.

Gender Training: This would be measured against the number of people trained, their change in attitude, perception and the level of awareness. 

Leadership Exchange Fora: This would be measured by against the number of events held.

Stakeholders Forum: The success would be measured against the number of events held, the number of people in attendance and the level of networking at the project level

Farmers Exchange visits: Success would be measure against the number of events held and the number of farmers attending. 

Establishment of a Federation of a Community Based Women Self Help Group: Success would be measured against a registered and functional community based women organization capable with capacity to lobby with Government and civil society organizations to bring policy changes, social and economic development and political empowerment.

Intended achievements to be made through the planned project are: -

•	Organize and train 140 leaders from 14 villages on Leadership approaches and facilitation skills.
•	Organize and facilitate 16 Strategic Planning events (14 strategic planning events in 14 villages and 2 strategic planning events in 2 sub – locations  
•	Train 280 farmers from 14 villages on dry land farming techniques and Agro – forestry.
•	Train 100 widows on Para –Legal.
•	Train 280 people on HIV and AIDS Prevention education.
•	Facilitate Voluntary Counseling and Testing for 1500 people from 14 villages.
•	Organize and facilitate Positive self – Management Training for 60 people Living with HIV and AIDS 
•	Organize and Facilitate 6 campaigns on Peace and Conflict Resolution.
•	Organize and facilitate Gender training for 100 people from 2 sub – locations.
•	Organize and facilitate 3 leaders exchange fora.
•	Organize and facilitate 3 stakeholder fora.
•	Organize and facilitate 3 exchange visits for 280 farmers. 
•	Conduct a final evaluation of the programme.
•	Conduct a yearly financial Audit of the programme.
•	Capacity building for staff on Positive self-management programme master training, TOT on project management and TOT on peace and conflict resolution.
•	Formation of federal structured women Community Based Organization capable of propelling their own Development Socially economically and politically.

E. RESULTS TO BE REACHED ON PROJECT OBJECTIVES AND INDICATORS

PROJECT SUMMARY 	MEASURABLE INDICATORS AND EXPECTED RESULTS	MEANS OF VERIFICATION	IMPORTANT ASSUMPTIONS 
GOAL			
OBJECTIVE 1	Organize and train 140 leaders from 14 villages on Leadership approaches and facilitation skills.	Progress reports 	Leaders trained are more effective.
OBJECTIVE 2	Organize and facilitate 16 Strategic Planning events (14 strategic planning events in 14 villages and 2 strategic planning events in 2 sub – locations  	2 year Strategic Plans.	With strategic planning events development is focused.
OBJECTIVE 3	Train 280 farmers from 14 villages on dry land farming techniques and Agro – forestry.	Progress reports and follow ups and physical observation of number of trees planted by each farmer.	When farmers are trained they can produce food enough for consumption and surplus for sale.
OBJECTIVE 4	•	Train 100 widows on Para –Legal.
	Progress report	Once widows are empowered they can fight for their rights. 
OBJECTIVE 5	Train 280 people on HIV and AIDS Prevention education.	Progress report and follow ups.	When trained the people are able to change their behavior attitudes and perception on HIV and AIDS. 
OBJECTIVE 6	Facilitate Voluntary Counseling and Testing for 1500 people from 14 villages.	VCT attendance list and progress report. 	If VCT facility is closer to the people is more convenient in terms of time and traveling cost.
OBJECTIVE 7	•	Organize and facilitate Positive self – Management Training for 60 people Living with HIV and AIDS 
	Progress report and follow ups 	People trained on Positive self – Management are able to set goals and achieve them.
OBJECTIVE 8	Organize and Facilitate 6 campaigns on Peace and Conflict Resolution	Progress report and follow ups meetings. 	Peace and conflict awareness would reduce conflict.
OBJECTIVE 9	Organize and facilitate Gender training for 100 people from 2 sub – locations.	Progress report and follow up meetings 	Gender training would empower both men and women on attitude change towards property ownership, control and decision making involvement.
OBJECTIVE 10	Organize and facilitate 3 leaders exchange fora	Leadership exchange report	When leaders share information, they add value to their leadership.
OBJECTIVE 11	•	Organize and facilitate 3 stakeholder fora.
	Stakeholders forum report	Networking and collaboration with others adds value to project implementation 
OBJECTIVE 12	Organize and facilitate 3 exchange visits for 280 farmers	Exchange visit report	Seeing is believing 
OBJECTIVE 13	Conduct a final evaluation of the programme	Evaluation report	Improves the quality of the programme and articulates the future direction of the programme 
OBJECTIVE 14	Conduct a yearly financial Audit of the programme	Financial Audit report	Audit contributes to transparency and accountability of project funds.
OBJECTIVE 15	Capacity building for staff. PSMP master training, TOT on project management, TOT on peace and conflict resolution.	Progress reports 	The world is dynamic 
OBJECTIVE 16	•	Formation of federal structured women Community Based Organization capable of propelling their own Development Socially economically and politically.
	Registration certificate, Progress reports on Group activities	Poor of the poorest when empowered can break the cycle of poverty and enjoy dignified lives.
Basic data has been collected and documented through a baseline survey conducted in 2007 except on the formation of a Federation of women Community Based Organization. The data would be collected through a baseline survey during the first year of the project. There are basic information forms which are filled for every member of the SHG in order to give the baseline information against which success would be benched. These forms also give a basis on monitoring and evaluation of the programme at whatever level or stage of implementation. 

F. IMPACT ON THE TARGET GROUP / BENEFICIARIES

The programme aims at improving the quality of leadership through training on leadership methods, facilitation skills and leaders exchange fora. Strategic planning events would be held at village and sub location level to create two-year development plans. Farmers would be empowered through training on dry land farming techniques and agro forestry and farmer exchange visits. On HIV and AIDS the programme aims at minimizing new infection cases through training on prevention education and voluntary counseling and testing. People living with HIV and AIDS would be trained on positive self-management so that they can lead fulfilling lives. Training on gender would create more awareness on different roles and responsibilities played by both men and women as well as addressing the attitudes and perceptions on gender issues.  Widows will be empowered to have a better understanding of their rights and responsibilities so that they can be able to fight discrimination and exploitation. The campaigns on peace and conflict resolution are geared towards minimizing the effects of conflicts in the community and create more harmonious and cohesive environment in the community. The formation of a Community Based Women’s’ organization empowered through training would enable the poorer of the poorest in the community to utilize their God-given potential through the Self Help Group approach to  break from the vicious cycle of poverty and champion their own development.
 The programme would foster networking and collaboration with other stakeholders in the location and beyond. 

The Basic data has been collected and documented through a baseline survey conducted in 2007




G.  IMPACT OF THE PROGRAMME TARGET GROUPS / BENEFIACARIES 

1)	Leadership and facilitation training: assessment of impact would look into competence of leaders in organizing and facilitating strategic planning events as well as organizing and facilitating community meetings.   

2)	Strategic planning Events: Assessment of impact would look into development and implementation of development plans in each of the villages and sub-location 

3)	Sustainable agriculture training and agro forestry: Assessment of impact would look into what extend are farmers using the dry land farming techniques as well as planting trees in their farms. 

4)	Paralegal training for widows: Assessment of impact would look into the number of widows trained as wells percentage of widows who have been able to inherit poverty as well as fighting discrimination and exploitation.

5)	HIV and AIDS prevention Education:  Assessment of impact would look into the number of people who have been trained as well as change of behavior, attitudes and perceptions.

6)	Voluntary counseling and testing: assessment of impact would look into the number of people counseled and tested

7)	Peace and conflict resolution: Assessment of impact would look into the number of people who have attended as well as minimized land and domestic cases. 

8)	Positive self management programme training: Assessment of impact would look into the number of people trained and effectively managing their condition as well as to what extend they are able to set and implement their goals.

9)	Gender training: Assessment of impact would look into change in gender roles, attitudes and perceptions as well as the number of women holding leadership positions in the community.

10)	 Formation of a federation structured women Community Based Organization: Assessment of impact would look into activities planned and carried out by the group, the number of training organized by the volunteer facilitators from the group, Training manuals, the number of meetings held and documentation of such meetings as well as the number of people served by the Community based Organization.

The basic data has been collected through a baseline survey conducted in 2007 except on the formation of a Federation Structured Women Community Based Organization

H. INTENDED IMPACT FOR THE PROJECT AREA AND THE WIDER ENVIRONMENT:


1.	Leadership and facilitation training: would lead into, 
•	Effective organization and facilitation of meetings 
•	Coordination of development projects
•	Improved communication between leaders and community residents.

2.	Strategic planning Events: would lead into,
•	Strategic Planning events
•	Focused development Plans at the village and sub – location levels.
•	Leaders and community residents know what they want to do and when.

3.	Sustainable agriculture training and agro forestry: would lead to,
•	Improved farming methods lead to increased food production.
•	Planting of trees

4.	Paralegal training for widows: 
•	Empowerment of widows leading to minimized cases of exploitation and discrimination on inheritance of property

5.	HIV and AIDS prevention Education:  
•	Change of sexual behavior.
•	Reduction of new infection rates in the community. 

6.	Voluntary counseling and testing: 
•	Would enable people to know their HIV and AIDS status

7.	Peace and conflict resolution: 
•	Minimize conflict amongst family members and the community in General

8.	Positive self management programme training: 
•	People living with HIV and AIDS would be capable of setting up personal goals and work towards achieving them
•	With PSMP training People living with HIV and AIDS can live fulfilling lives free of depression. 

9.	Gender training: 
•	Help the community to know gender issues in the communities and how to tackle them.
•	Accept women to be legal partners in decision making on matters affecting the whole community.

10.	Formation of a federation structured women Community Based Organization:
•	Improved infrastructure 
•	Improved services in health, Education and Environment
•	Improved quality on delivery of services by Government and civil society organizations leading to improved standards of living  

I. SUSTAINABILITY 

Sustainability would assure through training and mentoring community resource persons in every programme component.

INDICATORS OF SUSTAINABILITY

1)	Leadership and facilitation training: The level in which leaders are able to organize and facilitate planning and mobilize the community to develop and implement projects in their villages and sub-location.
2)	Strategic planning Events: the level at which village development committees are able to plan on their own

3)	Sustainable agriculture training and agro forestry: Level at which farmers are using the dry land farming methods and number of trees they are planting on their own.
4)	Paralegal training for widows: Level at which widows are able to advocate for their rights, property ownership as well as fighting discrimination and exploitation.
5)	HIV and AIDS prevention Education:  Level at which the community has internalized HIV and AIDS prevention measures.
6)	Voluntary counseling and testing: Level at which ICA would empower the community to lobby for the establishment of a VCT facility at the community level by the ministry of health. 
7)	Positive self-management programme training: Level at which people living with HIV and AIDS are able to accomplish their own goals.
8)	Peace and conflict resolution: level at which the community has been able to handle land, property and domestic violence cases.
9)	Gender training: Level at which roles are shared at the family level as well as attitudes and perceptions have changed in defining sharing of responsibilities.
10)	Stakeholders fora. Level at which the community is able to network and collaborate with other development agencies as well government ministries.
11)	Formation of a federation structured women Community Based Organization: The community Based organization would have their own trained facilitator who would continue with the training of the groups far beyond the project period.


J. ACTIVITIES PLANNED AND WORKING METHODS

1)	Leadership and facilitation training: The training curriculum for basic leadership training would be reviewed and revised by the programme staff with support from external consultant. The advanced leadership-training curriculum would be developed by programme staff and external consultant. 7 non-residential courses would be held for 20 participants. Recruitment would be done in such a way that there are equal number of women and men in every course. Attention would be paid to ensure that youth leaders participate in the trainings. A recruitment form will be designed and ICA programme staff would conduct the recruitment. The basic trainings would take place at the community level for three days. After every course an evaluation of the course would be conducted with the participants. The objective of the evaluation would be to improve on the quality and organization of the future trainings. The facilitators of the training would conduct an assessment on the performance of the participants at the end of the course. The assessment report would be used to select 10 participants from every course to go to the next level of advanced leadership training. The 10 would comprise of 5 women and 5 Men. Graduation event would be held for each training and certificate of participation issued. During the graduation events other civil society organizations and government officials would be invited including the media. The participants of the advanced leadership training would be people who have successively gone through the basic leadership training. 3 residential courses would be held. The first course would have 24 participants and the remaining two courses 23 each. Programme staff would do facilitation. After the training the participants would be issued with certificates of participation. The participants trained on the advanced leadership training would become community resource persons (CORPS). The CORPS would work with the programme in the following areas:
a)	Community mobilization
b)	Assist in recruitment of participants for trainings
c)	Assist in organizing training events
d)	Assist in facilitating training and campaigns (HIV and AIDS prevention, Agriculture and Agro forestry, Peace and conflict resolution campaign, gender training, basic leadership training, monitoring and follow ups of the programme, assist in making arrangements for leaders exchange forum and stakeholders exchange forum.
e)	Assist in project site visits.
f)	Assist in programme evaluation 

2)	Strategic planning Events: 16 strategic planning events will be conducted. One in each of the 14 villages and one in each of the two sub-locations. The events would be non- residential. The basic planning procedures for strategic planning would be reviewed and updated by the ICA programme staff and administration staff. ICA administration staff, programme staff together with the community resource persons would facilitate the strategic planning events. The outcome of the strategic planning events would be a two-year action plan of development projects to undertaken by each village and sub-location. ICA staff will monitor the strategic plans and CORPS in which necessary adjustments on the plans will be made. 30 participants from each village will participate in development of the strategic plans. 30 participants would also be involved in the development of the sub-location strategic plans. There would equal representation of both women and men including the youth.
3)	Sustainable agriculture training and agro forestry: The training would be non-residential. Twenty participants would be trained in each of the 14 villages. Each training would take five days and would be facilitated by ICA program staff. When and where necessary resource persons from the ministry of Agriculture and other agricultural institutions would be sourced. The participants would be trained on dry land farming techniques and agro forestry. Each farmer would be expected to plant and take care of at least 20 seedlings. Practical training would be facilitated in the farms.280 farmers would expose to dry land farming techniques through exchange visit to dry land farming institutions in the arid regions. The ICA programme manager would facilitate organizing the visit. Equal number of women and men would be involved.  6 trips would be facilitated for the 280 farmers.
4)	Paralegal training for widows: Four non-residential courses would be organized each with 25 participants. Each course would take five days and would be facilitated by an officer from the office of the attorney general at the district level. The paralegal training would be conducted during the second and third year.  
5)	HIV and AIDS prevention Education:  The training would be none residential. Each training would have 20 participants and would take place at the village level for five days. ICA administration staff, programme staff, community resource persons and ministry of health staff would do the facilitation. The HIV and AIDS training field guide would be reviewed and updated by ICA staff, ministry of health and other organizations involved in HIV and AIDS prevention initiatives.
6)	Voluntary counseling and testing: Mobile VCT would be initiated at the village level. This would be done in partnership with the ministry of health in District. The responsibility of counseling and testing would be undertaken by Ministry of health personnel. ICA programme staff and the community resource persons would do the community mobilization. The mobilization would take two days per village and the VCT would be one day per village. Those who test positive would be referred to ICA training on Positive self-management programme.
7)	Positive self-management programme training:  The PSMP training is aimed at empowering people living with HIV and AIDS to enhance their well-being by taking a great control of their lives including setting goals and implementing them. Several assumptions underlay the PSMP training;	
•	People with similar chronic conditions such as HIV and AIDS have similar concerns and problems.
•	People with HIV and AIDS when given the training not only deal with their diseases but also with the impact it has on their lives and emotions.
•	Peers with HIV and AIDS when given and detailed leaders manual can teach PSMP as effectively as health professionals.
•	The process or the way PSMP is taught is as important as the subject matter that is taught.

Three residential trainings would be organized each with 20 participants. This training would be facilitated by trained administration staff, programme staff and volunteers.
8)	 Peace and conflict resolution: Two campaigns would be organized per year, one at each sub-location. Community resource persons and ICA programme staff and administration staff would do this. Poster and pamphlets on the need to stop domestic violence and peaceful disputes resolution would be distributed. Arrangements would be made top ensure that Men participate in this campaign in large numbers. 
9)	Gender training:  The ICA curriculum on gender would be reviewed and updated by ICA programme staff. The purpose of the gender training is to create awareness in the community as a result of traditional beliefs and practices. 4 non-residential courses each with 25 participants would be facilitated by ICA programme staff. Recruitment of participants would be done in a way to ensure equal participation of women and men.  Each training would take five days. 
10)	Stakeholders fora.  One day workshop would organized each year for three years for partners working in and around the project area. The objective is for the partners to share best practices and avoid duplication of effort. The workshop would also look into way of working and supporting each other. The Workshop would be non residential and would be held in a central place. ICA programme staff would facilitate the workshop.
11)	Leader exchange fora. The objective of the leaders exchange forum is for the leaders to share information in regards to leadership practices that have worked and not worked. One leaders exchange forum would be held each year for three years. Each event would take one day and would be non residential. ICA programme staff would facilitate the forum. 
12)	Formation of a federation structured women Community Based Organization and the Self Help group Model: 

The self – Help Group model operates at three levels: -

1.	Firstly the poorer of the poorest form groups of 15 – 20 people self help groups.

2.	Secondly 8 – 10 groups come together to form a Cluster Level Associations (CLA). The Cluster Level Associations are comprised of two representatives’ members from each group and focuses on the communal needs and establishes linkages with other resource providers.
3.	Thirdly, 8 – 10 clusters come together to for federation. The federation then registers itself as a Community Based Organization (CBO) through the empowered members; the federation is expected to bring Social transformation in the community as well as lobbying with the Government and other civil societies to bring policy changes as well as social and economic development and political empowerment. At each level of cluster level Association, a volunteer community facilitator is selected to be trained so that he/she would train the groups. The facilitators are trained by the implementing organization. 

The facilitators are trained on: -

1.	Self – Help Group concept.
2.	Savings, loans, credit management and business skills.
3.	Goal setting and preparation of Action Plans.
4.	Communication and leadership skills.
5.	Problem solving and conflict resolution
6.	Use of PLA tools
7.	Human rights

Facilitators Training;

Two five day courses would be organized for the volunteer facilitators. Both ICA  the country staff and different government ministries will provide trainings for the facilitator who will in turn train the Self Help Groups. The training at the community level would be facilitated by the volunteer facilitators. Each of the 30 Groups would be trained by 2 of their trained facilitators. All the training would be non – residential. 

Formation of the federation and Women Self Help Groups

The community will identify the poor of the poorest women in each of the 15 villages. Two groups per village would be formed making the total number of groups to 30. From the 30 groups, 4 Clusters Level Association would be formed. From the 4 cluster of association a federation of Community Based Women Organization would be formed and registered with the Ministry of Gender Sports and national Heritage. 

Self help Group Training;

Two Self Help Groups in each of the fifteen villages would undergo training. Each training would be non – residential and would be held at the village level. The training in each group would be facilitated by the two volunteer facilitators selected and trained from each group. Each training would take five days. Each of the facilitators would receive an honorarium of 4, 000 per Month. The programme would pay 100% of this amount for first 6 months of the first year. During the second half of the first year the programme would pay 75% of that amount and the Community Based Women Organization would pay 25%. During the second year, the programme would pay 50% and the Community Based women organization would pay 50%. During the first half of the third year, the programme would cover 25% and the Community Based Women Organization would cover 75%. On the second half of the third year, 100% of the costs would be covered by Community Based Women Organization.

Phase Out:

ICA would phase out once the Federation of the Community Based Women Organization is operational and functional, at the end of the three years. It would be expected that at that time the Community Based Women Organization would have the ability and capacity to plan, re-plan, implement, monitor and evaluate their own self help development 

K. PROJECT MANAGEMENT

Programme Monitoring and follow- ups

The Leadership Training and Integrated Development Programme Manager would be responsible for the day-to-day management and implementation of the programme at the field level. The programme manager would be responsible for supervision of staff and volunteers, facilitation of staff meetings, networking and collaboration, hosting of site visits, preparation and submission of progress reports, assist in fund raising for matching funds for the programme and preparation of operation budgets. 
To ensure that the programme activities planned are on track regular monitoring and follow-ups would be done and that necessary adjustments would be made in time if the conditions in the project area change. This would be the responsibility of the programme manager and the staff.
The administration office would be responsible for preparation of narrative report, financial report and audit reports and submission to donors. Staff from the Administration office would work with the program staff in facilitating HIV and AIDS prevention education, PSMP training, Strategic planning, peace and conflict resolution campaigns.

Programme Evaluation

An internal evaluation of the programme would be done after 18 Months. The aim of the internal evaluation would be to assess the need of any necessary adjustment so as to meet the set objectives of the programme. An external evaluation would be carried at the end of the programme.

L. RISKS  
a)	Drought
The project area is in Arid and Semi Arid Land. This area has been experiencing persistent drought that has in turn affected food production in particular and food security in general. If the drought continues there would be a risk in community participation in the programme activities since they would be forced to look for food and water as opposed to participating in the project activities. To address this risk the programme has a component of sustainable agriculture and agro forestry training meant to address the risk in the long term. 

 
b)	General elections
There would be a general election in December 2012. During the second half of the third year of programme implementation, chances are that there would be political campaign rallies in the area. This is likely to affect the programme activities implementation. During this period, project activities would be planned for the day when there would be no political rallies.

M. PERSONNEL

Full time staff 

The programme would require three full time staff. Programme manager and two facilitators. Two men and two women would serve the programme.

Volunteers

Volunteers would serve the programme from time to time 

Administrative staff

The programme would require the services of part time staff as follows:
1)	National director 10% time
2)	Accountant 50% time

N. EQUIPMENT

The programme would require the following equipments:
1)	Power point projector
2)	One computer 
3)	One photocopier
4)	Book shelf
5)	Office clock
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	 <td><textarea name='proptitle' style='border-style: solid; border-width:1px; border-color: white white white white;width:125px;height:300px' id='proptitle' >Food Aid and Food Security 
Programme for The country </textarea></td>
	 <td><textarea name='short' style='border-style: solid; border-width:1px; border-color: white white white white;width:175px;height:300px' id='short' >This project will start by addressing the immediate food needs of 500 PLWHA in the target area. Due to the numerous demands on the resources of PLWHA, maintenance of a balanced diet is not often  considered priority. Yet, diet is one of the key elements for success in ART and prolonged life for PLWHA. For purposes of cost effectiveness, PLWHA and their families will be encouraged to consider already familiar indigenous local foods that have proven nutritive value.  The CFSP will also establish and strengthen local community based structures to lead in issues of nutrition, care and prevention and other services at community level.  </textarea></td>
     <td><textarea name='description' style='border-style: solid; border-width:1px; border-color: black black black black;width:400px;height:300px' id='description' >Food Aid and Food Security 
Programme for The country

Deadline for receipt of applications: 2nd October, 2006



CONCEPT NOTE 

. 

1. Summary of the action
Please provide the following information:
1.1	Brief description of the proposed action

The UNDP report of 2003 indicated that about 73% of all The citizens live below the official poverty line. On average more than 70% of The citizens are classified as poor while more than 63% are living on less than US$1 per day. In rural areas 83% of the people are poor and 71% are extremely poor. 

Many of the poorest people live in female headed households affected by HIV/AIDS. The prevalence rate is high currently at 16% affecting the most productive age group of between 15 to 49 years (NAC, 2002). Due to HIV/AIDS the number of widows and orphans and the chronically ill has increased considerably. The extended family system is no longer capable of handling the huge burden presented upon it by the impact of HIV/AIDS. HIV Positive people do not have access to healthy diets and the dietary options are limited. This means that positive people cannot live longer and their families end up in destitute or dying before their time.

This project will be implemented in The district of Southern Province. The population of Southern Province is 1,212,124 out of which 203,219 are in District. The prevalence rate for Southern province is currently at 16.2% ranks as the third highest in The country after Capital city and Copperbelt Provinces (NAC The country HIV/AIDS estimates, 2004). District is one of the most densely populated areas in Southern Province and according to estimates of 2004 from the National AIDS Council, District was the second highest in terms of HIV prevalence of 22.5% with a total number of 25,024 people second only to Livingstone. The overall poverty levels of Southern Province are high at 76% (CSO – living conditions in The country, 1998) while 59% of the people are classified extremely poor. 

The project is targeting an area north of The district called 2nd district. The target area is bound to the east by the Highway, and the Highway passes right through the community. The proximity of 2nd district to the main road makes the area vulnerable to the spread of HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases. This area appears to be particularly hard hit due to its geographical location and high poverty levels. Many small traders come to this area to sell second hand clothes and other merchandise and in the process end up mingling with people. These transient travellers and truckers take advantage of the poor farmers and expose them to HIV/AIDS. This has resulted into many HIV/AIDS patients.

This project will start by addressing the immediate food needs of 500 PLWHA in the target area. Due to the numerous demands on the resources of PLWHA, maintenance of a balanced diet is not often  considered priority. Yet, diet is one of the key elements for success in ART and prolonged life for PLWHA. For purposes of cost effectiveness, PLWHA and their families will be encouraged to consider already familiar indigenous local foods that have proven nutritive value.

The CFSP will also establish and strengthen local community based structures to lead in issues of nutrition, care and prevention and other services at community level. The project aims at inculcating a spirit of volunteerism among the target community. A volunteer from t ICA will be attached to the project. Strong linkages that already exist between the project and permanent service providers will be strengthened. These include Ministry of Health (MoH), District HIV/AIDS Task Force (DATF), Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives (MACO) etc.

In terms of the long term, the project will impart technical skills in family members of PLWHA to enable them produce adequate amounts of food on a sustainable basis. Training in sustainable agriculture will be provided and linkages made with the MACO.

To further secure the livelihoods of PLWHA, the project will impart entrepreneurship and marketing skills in the target group and link those that require additional finances to microfinance institutions that are already operating in the province.

2. Relevance:
Please describe the following: 
2.1	How relevant is your proposal to the needs and constraints of the target country(ies) or region?
2.2	What are the problems to be resolved and the needs to be met? 

The action will initially make available to PLWHA food through food aid. This is in order to enable HIV patients improve their nutritional status and thereby improve the uptake and effectiveness of ARVs. The action will also promote both conservation farming and proven sustainable agriculture methods which are less labour intensive in order to improve sustainable food production and ensure availability of food throughout the year. The action will promote crop diversification to match nutritional needs of HIV/AIDS. The project will work with an associate organisation who are experts at biodiversity and have studied nutritive values of traditional food crops which are easy and cheap to grow, process and prepare. 

The integration of food aid with actual sustainable food security which includes cultivation of traditional food crops and a home-grown home based care program are priorities of this project. This action presents an opportunity for vast impact and with massive ramifications such as fewer people contracting AIDS, fewer sick people, and therefore more PLWHA working and supporting their families and contributing to the local economy. There will be fewer families with HIV/AIDS patients, fewer orphans, positive change in behaviour and less call on already stretched health services. This Action is designed to enable resource-poor people create wealth that will facilitate the on-going implementation of further development activities and broaden their food base. 

The project will also build sufficient capacity among the target group to enable them carry on initiatives started during the duration of the project. To this end, local structures will be facilitated in home based care, agriculture and nutrition. The project will also build strong links between the target group and local permanent service providers hospital, Ministry of Health and Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives to mention but a few.

2.3	Who are the actors involved (final beneficiaries, target groups)?
The specific target community is 2nd district area. The direct beneficiaries from 2nd district area will be 500 PLWHA and the indirect beneficiaries will be the families of these 500 PLWHA making up a total of 3,000 people. (using the The countryn average of 6 persons per family)

2.4	What are the objectives and expected results?

The objectives of the project are:

•	To improve the nutritional status of PLWHA through food aid in order to improve the uptake and effectiveness of ART
•	To create and strengthen community based structures and groups for sustained care and support for PLWHA and their families
•	To increase food diversity and security for families with PLWHA on a sustainable basis
•	To reduce the socio-economic impact of HIV/AIDS among PLWHA and their families through the implementation of appropriate income earning initiatives

Expected results are: 

•	At least 200 people will undergo VCT 
•	At least 250 PLWHA will be linked to appropriate authorities for ART
•	At least 75% of the 500 targeted households with PLWHA affording 3 meals per day and growing at least 3 major crops
•	Increased cash income by at least 50% for 200 PLWHA and their families
•	Fifteen Support Groups, 5 Care and Prevention Teams and 5 Nutrition Groups established and strengthened and serving the target group

2.5	What is the added value of the action (what adds the action by reference to (central or local) government action and actions implemented by non state actors)?

•	The two country NGOs participating in this project are working in four other provinces making up almost half of The country and covering some 50,000 households. Experiences gained through this project will no – doubt spill over to these areas
•	Being an international organisation, ICA is connected to many organisations locally and abroad. Results from this project will add to the pool of experiences gained elsewhere and beyond
•	The involvement of a wide range of national stakeholders such as the MoH, the Association of ARV users, New Start Centre etc makes for a broad based network and sharing of experiences across the country
•	Both belong to a network of 15 local NGOs under the umbrella of xxx. The available channels of information and experience sharing within this network will enable spill over to other organisations and practitioners. 
•	The volunteer who will be attached to the project by ICA will carry the experiences gained from the project to other parts of the world
•	The ICA driven HIV/AIDS Africa conference to which A PARTNER  is a member is another channel for sharing information and experiences from the project

3. Methodology and Sustainability:
Please describe the following: 
3.1	What are the main project activities?
In the short term, the project will improve the nutritional status of identified PLWHA through food aid initiatives to support their ART programmes.
For the long term, locally managed structures will be facilitated to provide continuous support to PLWHA and their families to secure their livelihoods for PLWHA and prevention against the same as well as production of adequate amounts of food and generation of more incomes on a sustainable basis.
Strategic linkages will be made with permanent service providers and other organisations in the sector for long term support to the target group and community at large.
The target group will be provided with technical and material support to enable them start producing food and generate income

3.2	Who will be your main implementing partners, what is the length of your relationship with them and how will they be involved in the project?

There will be two implementing partners with whom has worked for the past three year. These are:

In the project, will be responsible for overall coordination of project activities, manage finances as per EC requirements, employ two Field Officers, host the volunteer from and manage all project procurements 

will be responsible for coordination of networking activities with collaborators such as the They will also employ the Project Coordinator

ICA will be responsible for placement of a Volunteer at the project and capacity building of local NGO partners through training of project staff and technical support to the project.


3.3	How will the project achieve sustainability? 

•	Income generation skills and activities that will be facilitated through the project will remain within households and can be applied long after project has phased out
•	The project will build capacity among beneficiaries to produce and prepare local foods which are normally more accessible and nutritious. 
•	The strong linkage that exists between the project and government departments and ministries (such as the MoH and MACO) will be strengthened.  These linkages will assure continuous support to the target group long after the end of the project
•	The Volunteer who will be attached to the project and the project will be imparting the spirit of volunteerism among local communities 
•	The evaluation that will be conducted after 10 months will determine funding needs and strategies for further support beyond this project
•	The project will facilitate linkages to microfinance institutions for external financing of beneficiaries that will involve themselves in business ventures. 
•	Both have a long term agenda for the target area. The capacity that this project will build in these organisations will go towards enhancing long term benefits to the target group in this area and beyond. 
•	Strengthened CPTs and Support Groups will continue to provide HBC support to PLWHA in the area 

3.4	Will it have multiplier effects?

•	The two The country NGOs participating in this project are working in four other provinces making up almost half of The country and covering some 50,000 households. 
•	Being an international organisation, ICA is connected to many organisations locally and abroad. Results from this project will add to the pool of experiences gained elsewhere and beyond
•	The involvement of a wide range of national stakeholders such as the MoH, ZHECT, the Association of ARV users, New Start Centre etc makes for a broad based network and sharing of experiences across the country
•	Both belong to a network of 15 local NGOs under the umbrella. The available channels of information and experience sharing within this network will enable spill over to other organisations and practitioners. 
•	The target area of this project receives many visitors and is the gateway to the south of The country. Results from the project are expected to go far and wide through the many people that visit the area
•	The volunteer who will be attached to the project by ICA will carry the experiences gained from the project to other parts of the world
•	The ICA driven HIV/AIDS Africa conference to which is a member is another channel for sharing information

4. Expertise and operational capacity:
Please describe the following: 
4.1	What is the experience of your organisation in project management?

THE ORG has gathered massive experience over its 10 year period. Some of these are:

•	Participation in the past three years in food aid programmes in close collaboration with the Disaster management and Mitigation Unit (DMMU) and the World Food Programme (WFP)
•	Implementation of humanitarian activities under the ECHO funded Agricultural Recovery Programme (ARP) with OXFAM. At least 60% of households benefiting from this initiative are affected by HIV/AIDS
•	Participation in a pilot cash transfer project implemented to mitigate social and economic vulnerability among rural people
•	Implementation of Food Security Pack (FSP) programmes with Programme Against Malnutrition (PAM) in Western and North Western provinces
•	Implementation of a Forest Resource Management Project under IFAD funding in conjunction with the Government  in all the seven districts of North Western Province.
•	Implementation of livelihood projects in partnership partners with funding from

4.2. 	What is the experience of your organisation and your partner(s) of the issues to be 	addressed?

Has implemented and is still implementing various projects in three of The country’s nine provinces. Some of these are:  

•	2003- 2006: Food security project in Naluyanda involving women and families keeping orphans and poor resource farmers in Central Province 
•	2003- 2006: Food security project 
•	2004-2006: HIV/AIDS- prevention, nutrition and care for  The country National AIDS Network
•	2005- 2006: HIV/AIDS in 2nd district Project in Southern Province for PLWHA and vulnerable families.
•	2006: Women rights empowerment project funded by World Bank
•	2005 –2006: Sustainable Agriculture and HIV/AIDS for women in Central Province
•	2006: Food security project with a strong focus on HIV/AIDS
•	ICA have provided technical and facilitation support to ICAs since 1996, as well as acting as project holders for the following:

•	1996-2003: Integrated Development Programme, 
•	1999-2002: Health and Leadership programme, 
•	2000-2003: Integrated Rural Development programme for Women
•	2000-2004: Integrated Development Programme, 

I.	THE ACTION
1.	DESCRIPTION

1.1	Title

2nd district Food Security Project (CFSP)

1.2	Location(s)

2nd district area in The district in the Southern Province of The country


Total eligible cost of the action	Amount requested from the Contracting Authority	% of total eligible cost of action
734,477.40	661,297.90	90 %

1.3	Summary

Maximum 1 page 

The UNDP report of 2003 indicated that about 73% of all The citizens live below the official poverty line. On average more than 70% of The citizens are classified as poor while more than 63% are living on less than US$1 per day. In rural areas 83% of the people are poor and 71% are extremely poor. 

Many of the poorest people live in female headed households affected by HIV/AIDS. The prevalence rate is high currently at 16% affecting the most productive age group of between 15 to 49 years (NAC, 2002). Due to HIV/AIDS the number of widows and orphans and the chronically ill has increased considerably. The extended family system is no longer capable of handling the huge burden presented upon it by the impact of HIV/AIDS. HIV Positive people do not have access to healthy diets and the dietary options are limited. This means that positive people cannot live longer and their families end up in destitute or dying before their time.

This project will be implemented in The district of Southern Province. The population of Southern Province is 1,212,124 out of which 203,219 are in District. The prevalence rate for Southern province is currently at 16.2% ranks as the third highest in The country after Capital city and Provinces (NAC The country HIV/AIDS estimates, 2004). District is one of the most densely populated areas in Southern Province and according to estimates of 2004 from the National AIDS Council, District was the second highest in terms of HIV prevalence of 22.5% with a total number of 25,024 people second. The overall poverty levels of Southern Province are high at 76% (CSO – living conditions in The country, 1998) while 59% of the people are classified extremely poor. 

The project is targeting an area north of The district called 2nd district. 2nd district The target area is bound to the east by the Highway, and the Highway passes right through the community. The proximity of 2nd district to the main road makes the area vulnerable to the spread of HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases. This area appears to be particularly hard hit due to its geographical location and high poverty levels. Many small traders come to this area to sell second hand clothes and other merchandise and in the process end up mingling with people. These transient travellers and truckers take advantage of the poor farmers and expose them to HIV/AIDS. This has resulted into many HIV/AIDS patients.

This project will start by addressing the immediate food needs of 500 PLWHA in the target area. Due to the numerous demands on the resources of PLWHA, maintenance of a balanced diet is not often  considered priority. Yet, diet is one of the key elements for success in ART and prolonged life for PLWHA. For purposes of cost effectiveness, PLWHA and their families will be encouraged to consider already familiar indigenous local foods that have proven nutritive value.

The CFSP will also establish and strengthen local community based structures to lead in issues of nutrition, care and prevention and other services at community level. The project aims at inculcating a spirit of volunteerism among the target community. A volunteer from the partner ICA will be attached to the project. Strong linkages that already exist between the project and permanent service providers will be strengthened. These include Ministry of Health (MoH), District HIV/AIDS Task Force (DATF), Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives (MACO) etc.

In terms of the long term, the project will impart technical skills in family members of PLWHA to enable them produce adequate amounts of food on a sustainable basis. Training in sustainable agriculture will be provided and linkages made with the MACO.

To further secure the livelihoods of PLWHA, the project will impart entrepreneurship and marketing skills in the target group and link those that require additional finances to microfinance institutions that are already operating in the province.



Duration of the action	24 Months
Objectives of the action	Overall objective: To improve the quality of life of PLWHA and their families through the implementation of a broad based sustainable food security initiative in 2nd district area of the district of the Southern Province of The country.
Specific objectives: By the end of two years, at least 500 PLWHA in 2nd district area will have attained improved nutritional status to improve uptake and effectiveness of ART and community based systems and structures established for their families to produce adequate food and generate household income on a sustainable basis.
Partner(s)	1.  ICA

Target group(s) 	500 PLWHA in 2nd district area of Constituency of The district of Southern Province of The country
Final beneficiaries 	Families of 500 PLWHA in 2nd district area of Constituency of The district of Southern Province of The country
Estimated results	1.	At least 200 people will undergo VCT 
2.	At least 250 PLWHA will be linked to appropriate authorities for ART
3.	At least 75% of the 500 targeted households with PLWHA affording 3 meals per day and growing at least 3 major crops
4.	Increased cash income by at least 50% for 200 PLWHA and their families
5.	Fifteen Support Groups, 5 Care and Prevention Teams and 5 Nutrition Groups established and strengthened and serving the target group
Main activities	In the short term, the project will improve the nutritional status of identified PLWHA through food aid initiatives to support their ART programmes.
For the long term, locally managed structures will be facilitated to provide continuous support to PLWHA and their families to secure their livelihoods through Care for PLWHA and prevention against the same as well as production of adequate amounts of food and generation of more incomes on a sustainable basis.
Strategic linkages will be made with permanent service providers and other organisations in the sector for long term support to the target group and community at large.
The target group will be provided with technical and material support to enable them start producing food and generate income
Where applicable, clearly indicate the sector, theme, or geographical area specified in the call for proposals to which the proposed action would apply:


1.4	Objectives

Maximum 1 page. Describe the overall objective(s) to which the action aims to contribute towards and the specific objective that the action aims to achieve.

1.	To improve the nutritional status of PLWHA through food aid in order to improve the uptake and effectiveness of ART

Anti Retroviral Therapy (ART) requires that the patient has a balanced diet. Due to prolonged illness, PLWHA or AIDS patients often find themselves in a situation of depleted resource base due to inability to perform productive work and meeting expenditure required to access ART. Consequently, a balanced diet to PLWHA especially AIDS patients is a far cry. This objective will address this primary requirement in the short term before addressing medium and long term requirements among PLWHA and their families. 

Because nutrition is crucial among PLWHA especially those on ART, the project will support formation of Nutrition groups who will be trained in preparation and processing of foods suitable for PLWHA. Focus will, first and foremost, be directed at local indigenous foodstuffs which even poor families can lay their hands on. The Biodiversity Community Network (BCN) which is an associate in this project has gathered massive experience in supporting such activities.  

1.	To create and strengthen community based structures and groups for sustained care and support for PLWHA and their families

It has been widely documented that the HIV/AIDS issue has placed a huge burden on the Ministry of Health (MoH). It has become common practice to engage local communities in such a way they are involved in providing the necessary services to PLWHA and in this way contributing to the effectiveness of the public sector. The project will facilitate formation and strengthening (where such does not already exist) of community based and managed groups to lead the process of Care and prevention for and against HIV/AIDS, nutrition as it relates to HIV/AIDS and such other services.

In addition, the project will facilitate linkages between essential permanent service providers and organisations working in the sector and the local groups from the start of the project. The philosophy of this project emphasises inculcating the spirit of volunteerism among target communities.

2.	To increase food diversity and security for families with PLWHA on a sustainable basis

The project will aim to restore livelihoods of families with PLWHA by empowering them to produce more food on a sustainable basis. The project will promote sustainable agriculture techniques and methods that are accessible and affordable from the point of view of a resource poor farmer. Both crop and animal production will be promoted. The pas-on-the-gift scheme for small livestock which has worked wonders among PLWHA elsewhere will be introduced. 

In order to ensure long term technical support in agriculture, the project will facilitate stronger linkages with the Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives (MACO) and support Community Livestock Workers (CLWs) and Community Development Facilitators (CDFs) through training.

3.	To reduce the socio-economic impact of HIV/AIDS among PLWHA and their families through the implementation of appropriate income earning initiatives 

In order to restore the livelihoods of PLWHA and their families, the project will promote income generation initiatives. Training will be facilitated on entrepreneurship and marketing. These skills will enable them identify and manage business ventures of their choice. Family members of PLWHA will be encouraged to form interest groups based on the business ventures that they will be pursuing. Those that require additional finances will be linked to microfinance institutions for loans and savings services.



a.	Justification

Maximum 3 pages. Please provide the following information:
i.	Relevance of the action to the objectives and priorities of the programme

The action will initially make available to PLWHA food through food aid. This is in order to enable HIV patients improve their nutritional status and thereby improve the uptake and effectiveness of ARVs.

The action will also promote both conservation farming and proven sustainable agriculture methods which are less labour intensive in order to improve sustainable food production and ensure availability of food throughout the year. The action will promote crop diversification to match nutritional needs of HIV/AIDS. The project will work with an associate organisation called BCN who are experts at biodiversity and have studied nutritive values of traditional food crops which are easy and cheap to grow, process and prepare. These will be promoted and grown by HIV patients and their families. 

The integration of food aid with actual sustainable food security which includes cultivation of traditional food crops and a home-grown home based care program are priorities of this project. This action presents an opportunity for vast impact and with massive ramifications such as fewer people contracting AIDS, fewer sick people, and therefore more PLWHA working and supporting their families and contributing to the local economy. There will be fewer families with HIV/AIDS patients, fewer orphans, positive change in behaviour and less call on already stretched health services. This Action is designed to enable resource-poor people create wealth that will facilitate the on-going implementation of further development activities and broaden their food base. For example, seed will be distributed on a seed revolving loan basis where PLWHA will repay their loan in kind to others while continuing to meet their own seed requirements for the following year. 

The project will also build sufficient capacity among the target group to enable them carry on initiatives started during the duration of the project. To this end, local structures will be facilitated in home based care, agriculture and nutrition.

The strong link that the project will facilitate between the target group and local permanent service providers.

ii.	Identification of perceived needs and constraints in the target country/ies, in particular in the region(s) concerned. 

The country is rated among the poorest countries in the world. The country is listed among the Highly Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) as well as the Least Developed Countries (LDC’s). According to the UNDP’s Human Development Report of 2002, The country ranks 163 out of the 175 countries in the world in terms of human development. 

In 2003, the United Nations Human Development report indicated that about 73% of all The citizens live below the official poverty line. On average more than 70% of The citizens are classified as poor while more than 63% are living on less than US$1 per day. In rural areas 83% of the people are poor and 71% are extremely poor. 

Many of the poorest people live in female headed households affected by HIV/AIDS. The prevalence rate is high currently at 16% affecting the most productive age group of between 15 to 49 years (NAC, 2002). Due to HIV/AIDS the number of widows and orphans and the chronically ill has increased considerably. The extended family system is no longer capable of handling the huge burden presented upon it by the impact of HIV/AIDS. HIV Positive people do not have access to healthy diets and the dietary options are limited. This means that positive people cannot live longer and their families end up in destitute or dying before their time.

The The country government has realised that chronic illness that accompany poor health and deterioration of the immune system deplete households assets, reduce labour and lead to reduced food production
This project will be implemented in The district of Southern Province. The consortium will concentrate on constituency. The population of Southern Province is 1,212,124 out of which 203,219 are in District. The prevalence rate for Southern province is currently at 16.2% ranks as the third highest in The country after Capital city and Provinces (NAC The country HIV/AIDS estimates, 2004). District is one of the most densely populated areas in Southern Province and according to estimates of 2004 from the National AIDS Council, District was the second highest in terms of HIV prevalence of 22.5% with a total number of 25,024 people second only to. The overall poverty levels of Southern Province are high at 76% (CSO – living conditions in The country, 1998) while 59% of the people are classified extremely poor. 

The project is targeting an area north of The district called 2nd district. 2nd district covers most of Constituency. 

The target area is bound to the east by the Highway, and the Highway passes right through the community. The proximity of 2nd district to the main road makes the area vulnerable to the spread of HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases. This area appears to be particularly hard hit due to its geographical location and high poverty levels. Many small traders come to this area to sell second hand clothes and other merchandise and in the process end up mingling with people. These transient travellers and truckers take advantage of the poor farmers and expose them to HIV/AIDS. This has resulted into many HIV/AIDS patients.

iii.	Description of the target group(s) and final beneficiaries and estimated number 
The action will target The district, in Southern Province. The specific target community is 2nd district area and beyond. In 2nd district Project area and expansion area the project will work with 500 PLWHA and their families. The direct beneficiaries from 2nd district area will be 300 and 200 in the 2nd district expansion area. The number of indirect beneficiaries will be 3000 people.
iv.	Reasons for the selection of the target group(s) and identification of their needs and constraints. How does the Action contribute to the needs of the target group(s) and final beneficiaries?

The direct beneficiaries have been selected because they are PLWHA. Some are already on ART and are in the extreme poverty bracket. 

The indirect beneficiaries have been selected because they have been adversely affected by the status and condition of the PLWHA in their families. Assets have been lost due to demands placed on PLWHA in terms of nutrition and other logistics necessary for caring for the same. For both PLWHA and their families to get back into productive engagement, they need to have basic needs readily available and accessible. These include food, healthy diets, diversified food production and income generation. This will assist to broaden their food security base.

Contribution to the needs of the target group and final beneficiaries 

1.	The action will assist PLWHA have available and accessible food which will help them improve the uptake and effectiveness of ARVs. Currently there is no food for PLWHA and where little is available it would be the staple food maize which does not help their condition. 
2.	The Home Based Care (HBC) system already in existence will be strengthened through training of care and prevention teams and formation of more support groups so that PLWHA can encourage and support each other.
3.	Food production will be carefully designed so that crops promoted and grown will be of high nutritive value and will increase the availability and accessibility of food making up a healthy diet. Food production will be combined with the promotion of traditional crops of high nutritive value that are easy to grow even in times of drought and have proven medicinal properties such as Amaranthus.
4.	Income generation will ensure that target beneficiaries broaden their food security base so that over - reliance on a single source of income is eradicated.

b.	Detailed description of activities

Maximum 9 pages.  Include the title and a detailed description of each activity to be undertaken to produce the results, justifying the choice of the activities and specifying where applicable the role of each partner (or associates or subcontractors) in the activities. In this respect, the detailed description of activities must not repeat the action plan (see section 1.9).

	Diagrammatic representation of the project concept
 

1.	To improve the nutritional status of PLWHA through food aid in order to improve the uptake and effectiveness of ART

•	Facilitate formation of community based nutrition groups: The project will facilitate formation of 5 nutrition groups who will be trained in the preparation and processing of nutritious foods and diets for PLWHA. The groups will also be responsible for educating fellow community members on issues of nutrition.

•	Training of nutrition groups: Nutrition groups will be trained on locally available food stuffs and the relationship of nutrition to HIV/AIDS. The training will be conducted by health staff from Hospitals as well as the Biodiversity Community Network (BCN).

•	Analysis of diets of PLWHA: Experts will work together with members of nutrition groups to analyse diets of PLWHA in the area. Thereafter, World Food Programme (WFP) instruments will be used to identify ARV patients who require food assistance. 
 
•	Design of food packs: Equipped with analyses of diets of PLWHA, food packs will be designed by nutrition groups.

•	Purchase of food and organisation of logistics: The project will purchase food stuffs based on the EC’s procurement procedures. Appropriate information systems will be applied in the procurement of foodstuffs and subsequent processes. 

•	Distribution and monitoring of distribution and utilisation of food packs: Keepers The country Foundation in close collaboration with the WFP has been involved in distributing foodstuffs and seeds to communities affected by drought and HIV/AIDS in Western province. This experience will be handy in organisation of logistics and monitoring systems for distribution and utilisation of food packs to beneficiaries in this project.

2.	To create and strengthen community based structures and groups for sustained care and support for PLWHA and their families.

•	Awareness for VCT: The project will facilitate awareness creation campaigns for potential beneficiaries of the project to undergo Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT). The campaign for VCT will also serve as the awareness for the project in the area. Project staff will use this opportunity to explain the scaling up of existing initiatives. Methods for awareness creation and campaign will include drama sessions by local groups, awareness meetings and role plays

•	Facilitating mobile VCT: In collaboration with the New Start Centre (NSC), mobile VCT sessions will be conducted across the target area. Those whose results will be positive to HIV/AIDS will be automatic beneficiaries of the project

•	Promotion of ART among PLWHA: The first intervention for the target beneficiaries is the linkage for Anti Retroviral Therapy (ART). Apart from those that will be tested after the awareness for VCT, some beneficiaries will already be aware about their status. The project will also take these on board. The project will also directly target households that are hosting chronically ill persons to benefit from the project.

•	Facilitate formation of 10 support groups of PLWHA: Some of the PLWHA will be mobilised into support groups that will lead the process of campaigns for VCT and ART. The support groups will also coordinate Home Based Care (HBC) programmes in the target area.

•	Training for CPTs on care and support to PLWHA: The project will exploit existing collaboration with the Ministry of Health Authorities at the District and at Hospital to train Care and Prevention Teams (CPTs). 

•	Facilitate linkages between CPTs and local stakeholders: In order to enhance the effectiveness of CPTs, the project will facilitate a deliberate campaign to link these to local leaders including headmen, chiefs, religious leaders, politicians and any other persons of influence. 

•	Facilitate linkages between CPTs and other support institutions: The project will ensure that all the relationships with development actors in the district and province are shared with local structures created and facilitated in the target area. To this end, local CPTs will be introduced to organisations like the District HIV/AIDS Task Force (DATF), District Health Management Team (DHMT), Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives (MACO), The country Health Education and Communication Trust, The country Users of ARVs, Network of people living with HIV/AIDS in The country and many such others.

3.	To increase food diversity and security for families with PLWHA on a sustainable basis

•	Training in sustainable agriculture methods: As a long term measure to ensure household food security among PLWHA and their families, the project will encourage use of low cost and sustainable agricultural methods such as agro forestry and potholing. The Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives (MACO) will deliver appropriate training on various sustainable agricultural methods and techniques.

•	Training in crop diversification: MACO will also conduct training in crop diversification both for increased diversity in foodstuffs as well as for generation of income. 

•	Training in production, processing and preparation of indigenous food products: In line with diversification of foodstuffs, the project will promote not just production but processing and preparation of such foodstuffs. The choice of these crops will be informed by the analysis that experts will recommend from a nutrition point of view. Experts from BCN, MACO and MoH will be key in this activity.

•	Training in off-season farming: The area around 2nd district is prone to (partial) drought. This fact coupled with the need to increase the productivity of households with PLWHA calls for agricultural production throughout the year. The project will train beneficiaries in off-season production of vegetables, green maize and any other crops for food and income.

•	Facilitate establishment of seed revolving mechanism: One of the most important inputs for sustainable food security is seed. The project will facilitate establishment of a revolving seed supply mechanism. The idea will be to provide a conducive environment for supply and availability of good quality and affordable seed and planting materials on a timely and sustainable basis. The management of the seed revolving scheme will be done by agricultural and income generation Interest Groups that will be formed in the area. Establishment of the scheme will involve training of seed growers and traders. MACO will be key in delivering this activity.

•	Supply of seed to the seed revolving scheme:  Once adequate capacity has been built in IGs, the project will provide initial seed on a one - off basis. Thereafter, MACO and project staff will offer technical back-up support to ensure sound management of the scheme in the second season.


4.	To reduce the socio-economic impact of HIV/AIDS among PLWHA and their families through the implementation of appropriate income earning initiatives 

•	Facilitate identification of viable economic opportunities in the area and beyond: Project staff will facilitate identification of viable economic activities in the area and beyond among members of households with PLWHA. The role of staff from the project at this stage will be information provision and facilitation of the process.

•	Facilitate formation of interest groups:  Based on viable business ventures identified by family members of PLWHA, interest groups (IGs) will be formed. These IGs will draw action plans on how they will exploit the identified economic opportunities at household and group levels. 
 
•	Training in business, marketing and technical skills: The project will facilitate training of members of IGs in business and marketing skills as well as technical aspects of the particular economic ventures of their choice. Some of the ventures that may be identified (based on past experience in the area) include livestock and mushroom production.

•	Training of community based volunteers: The project will attempt to inculcate a strong spirit of volunteerism among member of 2nd district community. Apart from support groups and CPTs, teams of local persons will be assembled to provide technical support to livestock owners, crop farmers and business persons. Community Livestock workers (CLWs) will be trained through the Department of Animal Health to provide support to keepers of small livestock while Community Development workers will take care of agricultural and business concerns of local households.
 
•	Linkage to financial institutions: The need for additional capital is often identified as a major constraint to promotion of business among rural people. The project will link vibrant IGs to Micro finance Institutions (MFIs) within the province. The MFIs will provide savings and credit services among IGs to enable them grow their businesses.

5.	Project management

•	Inception workshop: Prior to starting the project, an inception workshop will be held involving all key stakeholders and participants in the projects. The workshop will serve to build a common understanding of the major concepts, procedures ands targets for the project. The workshop will also serve to develop an appropriate Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) system for the project. A work plans as well as roles and responsibilities of each participating organisation will be clarified. 

•	Review and planning workshops: Representatives from community based structures, collaborating organisations and members of staff of the project will meet quarterly to review progress and plan for each of the four quarters. 
 
•	Baseline survey: At the onset of the project, a baseline survey will be conducted to determine the status of each of the indicators of progress outlined in the log frame as well as those that project stakeholders may wish to add during the inception workshop. The baseline survey will set benchmarks for future measurement of progress during and after the project intervention.

•	Mid term evaluation: After the tenth month, the project will undergo a mid term evaluation to take stock of progress thus far with a possibility of adjustment to the approach, targets and other aspects of the project based on experience. This evaluation will also identify aspects of the project that will require further support beyond this particular initiative 

•	End of project evaluation: at the conclusion of the project, an end of project evaluation will be undertaken to close out the project and recommend further action to local community members and partners as well as collaborating organisations and institutions.

•	Training of all community groups in participatory monitoring systems: All the community based groups that the project will facilitate will undergo some training in participatory monitoring and evaluation. In this way, the monitoring system for the project will be internalised by the community and its structures and will remain useful long after the project has phased out

c.	Methodology

Maximum 4 pages.  Detailed description of:
i.	Methods of implementation and reasons for the proposed methodology

The methodology used in this project places emphasis on building strong local structures from the start of the project. These structures will be involved in the planning and implementation of project activities as well as the monitoring and evaluation of the same and the results arising from these activities. The project aims to inculcate a spirit of volunteerism among members of the community. A volunteer from ICA will be attached to the project for the whole duration of the project.

The project also takes on board collaborating institutions and organisations that will remain to provide various services to project beneficiaries beyond the life time of the project. Figure 2 (below) is a diagrammatic representation 

The concept of the CFSP is founded on the premises that there are sufficient levels of awareness about HIV/AIDS in 2nd district area. The entry point for the project will therefore be promotion for VCT through meetings, drama and sports among other methods. 

The project will also conduct mobile VCT sessions with the New Start Centre and The country Health Education and Communication Trust. The members of the community that will test positive will be encouraged to participate in activities of the project and some will form support groups (SGs) and care and Prevention Teams (CPTs). The project will also target households with people that are chronically ill. The target group for the project will therefore be households with PLWHA and the PLWHA in particular.

Apart from SGs and CPTs, the project will facilitate formation of Nutrition Groups (NGs) from among the target households. The SGs will be trained in various aspects of nutrition and how it affects HIV/AIDS. Experts will deliver various training sessions to SGs to, among other things, enable them analyse diets of PLWHA and recommend suitable food packs which the project will provide in the short term.



Community Based Structures among households with PLWHA


					
				
Support Groups 



	
	    Nutrition Groups					Care & Prevention Teams 




				Com Development Facilitators 
				       
					Interest Groups

				   Community Livestock workers





Using the recommended food pack and diets, food stocks will be purchased using EC procurement guidelines. Th Foundation will rely heavily on experience in handling food distribution programmes under the Agricultural Recovery Programme (ARP). interaction with World Food Programme in distribution of food under the Disaster Management an Mitigation Unit (DMMU) will also be essential at this stage.

For the sake of the long term, the project will build capacity for target households to produce a diverse range of food crops in adequate quantities. Timely availability of good quality and affordable seeds will be facilitated through a revolving seed supply scheme managed by community members themselves. Rearing of small livestock such as goats and pigs will be promoted on a pass-on-the-gift basis which has worked very well in Western and Central provinces. Strong linkages will be established with the MACO and local capacity will be built to ensure continuous technical support through identification and training of CLWs and CDFs.

The project will also support development of entrepreneurship that will enable target households identify and exploit viable business opportunities. Linkages will be facilitated with micro finance institutions (MFIs) to service those households that will need additional capital to grow their businesses. As MFIs are institutions in their own right, it is expected that they will continue servicing members of the community beyond the lifetime of the project.

In facilitating availability of suitable and adequate amounts of food for PLWHA, the projects will promote, first and foremost, indigenous, locally available and low input crops, vegetables and fruits. The BCN have carried out research on most of these foods in terms of dietary value over the past ten years. The CFSP will therefore aim to integrate these findings in the design of food packs for households with PLWHA as well as in the production of these crops for the medium and long terms. 

The CFSP is also based on the experience of all three organisations participating in the preparation of the project concept. While ICA bring the international experience to the project particularly in the response to HIV/AIDS pandemic, have gathered some considerable experience in design and implementation of livelihood projects in six of The country’s nine provinces. The consortium can also boast of experience in implementing humanitarian initiatives through the European Commission Humanitarian Aid Office (ECHO) and the government’s Disaster Management and Mitigation Unit (DMMU). ICA belong to a network of 15 NGOs which provides a rich reservoir of technical information and expertise. 

An important part of the project approach is the strong link between the project and permanent service providers. The already existing linkages with the MACO, DATF and MoH will be strengthened. Linkages will also be created and strengthened with other players.

The involvement of local communities and groups in the monitoring and evaluation of project activities and outcomes is an important capacity building aspect of the CFSP. ICA has employed this approach where communities have been empowered to make informed decisions about development activities in their areas.

ii.	Where the action is the prolongation of a previous action, explain how the action is intended to build on the results of this previous action 

The CFSP will be scaling up the work that has been going on over the past 2 years financed by ICA. The project has been working with 200 households with PLWHA. Through the facilitation of the project, 189 people have undergone VCT. Five (5) CPTs have been formed and trained but 10 more will be needed for the new initiative and the strengthening of existing ones will be required.

In the process of carrying out these activities, strong linkages were established with the Ministry of Health (MoH), Hospital and Clinic. These vital relationships will be strengthened under this project. 

The CFSP will use the already sufficient levels of awareness about HIV/AIDS done mainly through the project so far. Issues of Food and HIV/AIDS have also been addressed to some extent over the past 2 years and this project will only be scaling up on the same.

In terms of agricultural activities, 130 people have received training in sustainable agriculture and funds have already been secured to provide them with seeds for the season 2006/07. 

iii.	Where the action is part of a larger programme, explain how it fits or is coordinated with this programme. Please specify the potential synergies with other initiatives, in particular from the EC
The CFSP is not a part of a larger programme

iv.	Procedures for follow up and internal/external evaluation

Before the start of the project, all stakeholders will meet to build a common understanding of the project and to streamline the roles of each player. The inception workshop will also review and plan major activities for the project.

In order to empower the target group in decision making, the project will train selected members of the community in Participatory monitoring and evaluation. The design of the project’s monitoring and evaluation system will build on the system established at community level.

A baseline survey will be carried out at the start of the project to benchmark the various indicators of progress elaborated in the logical framework. The baseline survey will be undertaken by independent consultants

Ten months into the implementation of the project, a mid term evaluation will be conducted to take stock of progress and recommend corrective measures and pick up issues that may not have been considered at the beginning of the project. The outcome of the mid term review will also inform organisations and people of 2nd district that would desire to intervene in future.

The project will conduct quarterly and annual reviews for stakeholders to review and plan progress. Participants in the quarterly and annual review meetings will include community members, project staff, partners and collaborators. At the end of the project, an end of project evaluation will be conducted.

v.	Description of the role and participation in the action of the various actors (local partner, target groups, local authorities, etc.), and the reasons for which these roles have been assigned to them. 

Each of the three organisations participating in implementing this project brings a variety of experiences to the table.

The Foundation

The foundation has gathered massive experience over its 10 year period. Some of these are:

•	Participation in the past three years in food aid programmes in close collaboration with the Disaster management and Mitigation Unit (DMMU) and the World Food Programme (WFP)
•	Implementation of humanitarian activities under the Agricultural Recovery Programme (ARP). At least 60% of households benefiting from this initiative are affected by HIV/AIDS
•	Participation in a pilot cash transfer project implemented as an alternative means to mitigate social and economic vulnerability among rural people
•	Implementation of Food Security Pack (FSP) programmes in Western and North Western provinces
•	Implementation of a Forest Resource Management Project under IFAD in conjunction with the Government of the Republic.
•	Implementation of livelihood projects in partnership .


The ICA has implemented and is still implementing various projects in three of The country’s nine provinces. Some of these are:  

•	2003- 2006: Food security project involving women and families keeping orphans and poor resource farmers in Central Province 
•	2003- 2006: Food security project in Capital city Province 
•	2004-2006: HIV/AIDS- prevention, nutrition and care for PLWHA area in Capital city Province for orphans widows and vulnerable children 
•	2005- 2006: HIV/AIDS in 2nd district Project in Southern Province for PLWHA and vulnerable families 
•	2006: Women rights empowerment project in Central province
•	2005 –2006: Sustainable Agriculture and HIV/AIDS for women in Central Province
•	2006: Food security project in in Central Province with a strong focus on HIV/AIDS


ICA

ICA have provided technical and facilitation support to ICAs since 1996, as well as acting as project holders for the following:

•	1996-2003: Integrated Development Programme, 
•	1999-2002: Health and Leadership programme,
•	2000-2003: Integrated Rural Development programme for Women, 
•	2000-2004: Integrated Development Programme, Tanzania 
•	2005-2006: African ICAs HIV/AIDS Initiative (two workshops,)
•	2005-2006: Pilot of Living Well with HIV/AIDS 

With this background, THE ORG will be responsible for:

•	Overall coordination of project activities
•	Manage finances as per EC requirements
•	Employ two Field Officers
•	Host the volunteer from ICA
•	Manage all project procurements 

will be responsible for:

•	Coordination of networking activities with collaborators such as the MoH, MACO, DATF, ZHECT, NSC, BCN, AARVU etc
•	Employ the Project Coordinator


ICA will be responsible for:

•	Placement of a Volunteer
•	Capacity building of local NGO partners through training of project staff and technical support to the project and THE ORG




vi.	Team proposed for implementation of the action (by function: there is no need to include the names of individuals here)


No.
	
Title	
Role

A. Salaried Personnel

1	
Project Coordinator (full time)	
Coordination of the project 

2	
ICA Volunteer (full time)	Providing technical support to the project and staff of the project 

3	
Programme Officer-THE ORG (20%)	
Liaison with the donors and partner organisation & collaborating institutions/organisations

4	
Accountant-THE ORG (30%)	
Providing sound financial management for the project

5	
Field Officers X2 (full time)	
Frontline staff working with communities

B. Voluntary Personnel

1	
Community Livestock Workers	
Technical support to livestock owners

2	
Community Development Facilitators	
Technical support to local farmers on sustainable agriculture and business

3	
Care & Prevention Teams (15 made up of 10)	
Leading care for HIV/AIDS patients and prevention programmes against HIV/AIDS

4	
Nutrition Groups (5 made up of 5)	
Leading nutrition programmes for PLWHA in terms of production, processing and preparation of the same

5	
Support Groups (10 made up of 5)	
Groups of PLWHA organising others to address the various constraints faced by their peers

vii.	Main means proposed for implementation of the action (equipment, tools…)

The project will only have two means thus:

•	Motorbikes (X2 provided by and THE ORG) for the 2 Field staff
•	Bicycles (X 50) for CPTs and CDFs

The action plan must be drawn up using the following format:

Year 1
THE ORG Food Aid & Food Security Action Plan	                   Semester 1	               Semester 2	
Activity	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	Implementing body
													
Objective 1: Improved nutritional status of PLWHA													
Community mobilisation													THE ORG & partners
Purchase & distribution of foodstuffs													THE ORG
													
Objective 2: Strengthening & establishing  local structures													
Awareness for VCT													THE ORG, partners, , MoH
Mobile VCT													THE ORG, , ICA, , 
Promotion of ART													THE ORG, , ICA
Training of CPTs & SGs													MoH, , Hospital
													
Objective 3: Increased Food production & diversity													
Training in agriculture & nutrition													BCN, 
Supply of seed & small livestock													THE ORG & partners
													
Objective 4; Improved socio economic impact through income generation													
Training in entrepreneurship & marketing													THE ORG & partners
Training of community based volunteers													ICA Volunteers, THE ORG & partners
Linkage to micro finance institutions													THE ORG & partners
													
Project management													
Inception workshop													THE ORG & partners
Baseline survey													Consultant
Review & planning meetings													THE ORG & partners
End of Project Evaluation													
Training in Participatory M&E													ICA, MoH
													


Year 2
THE ORG Food Aid & Food Security Action Plan	                   Semester 1	               Semester 2	
Activity	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	Implementing body
													
Objective 2: Strengthening & establishing  local structures													
Awareness for VCT													THE ORG, partners, ZHECT, MoH
Mobile VCT													THE ORG, 
Promotion of ART													THE , ICA
Training of CPTs & SGs													MoH, , Hospital
													
Objective 3: Increased Food production & diversity													
Training in agriculture & nutrition													
Supply of seed & small livestock													THE ORG & partners
													
Objective 4; Improved socio economic impact through income generation													
Training in entrepreneurship & marketing													THE ORG & partners
Training of community based volunteers													ICA Volunteer, THE ORG & partners
Linkage to micro finance institutions													THE ORG & partners
													
Project management													
Inception workshop													THE ORG & partners
Baseline survey													Consultant
Review & planning meetings													THE ORG & partners
End of Project Evaluation													
Training in Participatory M&E													ICA, MoH
													




2.	EXPECTED RESULTS

2.1	Expected impact on target groups/beneficiaries

Maximum 2 pages.  Indicate how the action will improve:
1.1.1	the situation of target groups/beneficiaries

•	An increase of at least 50% in food production at household level by direct beneficiaries
•	At least 75% of direct beneficiaries accessing three meals per day 
•	Improved nutritional status among 500 PLWHA
•	At least 75% of the 500 targeted households growing at least 3 major food crops of nutritive value by the end of 2 years
•	Basic business training for  200 people 
•	More than 50 of the beneficiaries successfully go through a 3 months nutrition programme
•	Increased cash incomes (by 50%) for at least 200 of the PLWHA and their families
•	At least 200 people undergoing VCT per year
•	At least 100 introduced to ART per year

1.1.2	the technical and management capacities of target groups and/or any partners where applicable.

•	More than 10 support groups formed with ability to coordinate development initiatives with minimum external support
•	Strengthened capacity of 5 Care and Prevention Teams (CPTs)
•	Improved technical knowledge and skills among 200 households in agriculture and business to sustain their livelihoods in the midst of the impact of HIV/AIDS
•	Increased technical skills and knowledge by 600 people and 100 households in the production and preparation of indigenous nutritious food crops 
•	Improved skills and knowledge by 10 support groups and 15 CPTs in coordinating and monitoring community based nutrition and HIV/AIDS related initiatives  
•	Increased networking among community based groups in addressing issues of nutrition and HIV/AIDS
•	Improved capacities of implementing partner NGOs in organisational management and ability to meet the needs of beneficiaries


2.2	Concrete outputs

Maximum 1 page. Be specific and quantify outputs as much as possible. Indicate notably foreseen publications.

•	At least 200 people will undergo VCT 
•	At least 250 PLWHA will be linked to appropriate authorities for ART
•	At least 75% of the 500 targeted households with PLWHA affording 3 meals per day and growing at least 3 major crops
•	Increased cash income by at least 50% for 200 PLWHA and their families
•	Fifteen Support Groups, 5 Care and Prevention Teams and 5 Nutrition Groups established and strengthened and serving the target group


2.3	Multiplier effects

Maximum 1 page. Describe the possibilities for replication and extension of the action outcomes.

•	The two The countryn NGOs participating in this project are working in other areas of The country namely; Western, North - Western, Central and Capital city Provinces making up almost half of The country and covering some 50,000 households. Experiences gained through this project will no – doubt spill over to these areas
•	Being an international organisation, ICA is connected to many organisations locally and abroad. Results from this project will add to the pool of experiences gained elsewhere in Africa and beyond
•	The involvement of a wide range of national stakeholders such as the Ministry of Health (MoH), The country Health Education and makes for a broad based network and sharing of experiences across the country
•	Both belong to a network of 15 local NGOs. The available channels of information and experience sharing within this network will enable spill over to other organisations and practitioners. Additionally, is a member of the International NGO (INGO) forum which is another channel for sharing experiences
•	The target area of this pr </textarea></td>

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	 <td valign='top'>51 <input type='hidden' name='id' id='id' value='51'/></td> <td>  
	 <td><textarea name='proptitle' style='border-style: solid; border-width:1px; border-color: white white white white;width:125px;height:300px' id='proptitle' >HIV/AIDS Community Caretakers Mobilization </textarea></td>
	 <td><textarea name='short' style='border-style: solid; border-width:1px; border-color: white white white white;width:175px;height:300px' id='short' > This project intends to work in eight countries to strengthen and expand village level HIV/AIDS caretakers program. </textarea></td>
     <td><textarea name='description' style='border-style: solid; border-width:1px; border-color: black black black black;width:400px;height:300px' id='description' >HIV/AIDS Community Caretakers Mobilization
Project


2) Organization Description

 (ICA) is a private, not-for-profit social change organization. Its primary objective is to promote positive change in communities, organizations and individual lives around the world by helping people find their own solutions to problems and the means to implement those solutions.  The ICA uses highly participatory methods developed over 30 years to foster creative thinking, consensus-based decision making and team building. It’s methods generate ownership, create clear goals, open lines of communication, broaden perspectives and motivate people to adapt to their changing environment while honoring the cultural traditions and diversity of all involved.

ICA was incorporated in 1973 after operating for several years as a program division of the Ecumenical Institute in Illinois.  ICA currently operates autonomously as a registered member of thirty-five independent ICA affiliates located throughout North and South America, Africa, Europe, Asia and the Pacific. ICAI has Consultative Status with the United Nations Economic and Social Council (Category II) and with UNICEF.

Over the years, ICA has helped effect change within governments, local communities, corporations, volunteer organizations and community development groups. It has demonstrated that a program’s effectiveness increases when the people it affects are part of the development and implementation process. ICA acts as a catalyst in areas such as education, leadership training, organizational transformation, democracy building, micro-credit, agricultural development, job development and training, neighborhood improvement and in fostering the art of facilitating diverse groups.

Thirty years of methods testing and refinement have enabled ICA to create and sustain a variety of programs across the US and abroad which invoke one common principle—the desire to release the creativity of the people involved and allow them to help shape their own destiny.  ICA facilitates this creative process so that people can learn for themselves how to think, plan and lead.  ICA’s experience in participatory problem-solving and its unique understanding of cultural diversity make it eminently qualified to work in today’s environments of change. 
 
ICA’s unique Technology of Participation (ToP) provides proven ways for people to master problem solving, planning and critical decision making within their organizations and communities. Over a million people worldwide have turned to the ICA to sharpen their facilitation skills and strengthen their work performance. 

The Institute of Cultural Affairs has offices and development activities in many countries: In half of the countries, ICA has been an active agency in broad-based development in many villages for up to 25 years.  Staff has worked at the village level and is known and trusted.  ICA offices are well positioned to integrate an HIV/AIDS intervention project into their ongoing development activities.   In fact, it is necessary to do so.  

ICA projects have 20 years of experience with health caretaker. ICA worked with 1,500 villages training village leaders to plan and implement their own projects and village health caretakers to use simple health messages and projects (toilets, home gardens, dish rakes and roof water tanks). In a comprehensive two-year study by the University, significant differences were found in  health knowledge, family planning attitudes and behavior. ICA has also run an urban slum mother-child clinic for ten years using health caretakers. The project focused on health caretakers not only giving home demonstrations on family spacing and nutrition practices, but also re-supplying condom and birth control pills. This was done in conjunction with a nurse run clinic. 

ICA has worked to bring better health care at the local level with particular focus on child-to-child programs and women’s empowerment. With a largely illiterate population of women, they developed a health curriculum using pictures and delivered by older women health outreach workers. They also worked on strategies and programs to stop female genital mutilation  

ICA started a village pharmacy box program that was later picked up to replicate countrywide. Training a cadre of rural health workers, the pharmacy boxes provided not only medicine and health advice, but also a small business enterprise for young men and women.  ICA has worked on an HIV/AIDS awareness campaign with the World Bank.  The focus of this work was to provide public messages about the dangers of HIV/AIDS through the use of billboards and poster campaigns. For four years the Japanese Government and ICA have implemented an HIV testing and awareness project with the public schools and village markets.
  
This project intends to work in eight countries to strengthen and expand village level HIV/AIDS caretakers program. 


3) Need for HIV/AIDS Training and Capacity-Building

It became increasingly clear during preparation and follow up to the ICA International Conference in 2000 that ICA needed to integrate HIV/AIDS prevention work into all of our work.  70% of all the cases in the world were in Sub-Saharan Africa. A pilot project was launched in July, 2002 and in seven additional countries in 2003. 

We found that the need of each country is very different, both in terms of it’s HIV rate and experience with HIV, but also in terms of the needs of the villages selected for implementation.  


The following chart summarizes the 2002-3 villages, locations, and HIV rates.  This proposed project would expand from these villages, which will have a new location.
 
Village/country	HIV/AIDS rate*	Location	Type	Need/Experience
Country 1
	3%	3 hrs toAccra. 
Crossroad t	Agricultural	No personal HIV experience
Country 2, , 	21.5%	2 hrs to. Crossroads 	Agricultural
5 villages stretched over 20 km	Every family has lost members, cared for orphans. 
Country 3
	6%	On truck route	Fragmented community	Little personal HIV experience  
Country 4
	8%	District,. 6 hours to
	Agricultural
4 villages in 5 km radius	Previous experience with an HIV project
Country 5
	33.7%	Suburb of 	Peri-urban	Severe epidemic

Country 6
	20%	100 km from 	Rural, isolated, few services	Severe epidemic
Country 7
	15%	District, Eastern Providence.
3 hours to 	Agricultural/ commercial/semi-arid	 
Severe epidemic
Country 8
	5%	2 hours from 	Agricultural 
5 villages against Nile River; isolated 
	“Been there, done that,” 
Very experienced 
*Report on the global HIV/AIDS epidemic, UNAIDS, 2002

Although there was a basic design for the program, (explained in Section 4), the launch phase of the project in each of the nine countries adapted to the specifics of the situation and to the desires of the local leadership and participants.  We can assume that in this expansion phase of the project, the new villages will be similar to those initially recruited.  Thus the ideas and suggestions of local village leaders and launch-phase participants will guide the expansion phase.  Examples of needs and the responses are:
•	The district administrator did not want just an education project – people already know about HIV – he wanted emphasis on community planning to address poverty.  Thus we changed the curriculum and started with a review of what people knew and what they wanted to know.  
•	Participants had little knowledge of HIV and AIDS, only ominous rumors.  There, the teaching curriculum was entirely appropriate and was followed closely.  

Staff leaders from all eight countries both trained and were trained, gave feed back, and prepared to lead the projects in their own countries with assistance from another country leader.  Leadership of all countries met in March 2004 to evaluate, share experiences and agree to expand programs in their countries.  Peer educators gave feedback to every aspect of training, helping to shape the HIV/AIDS Prevention Education Guide, a tool to use when talking to their neighbors and produced on site.  Additional changes were made to the guide following the project, and new lessons were added before testing and treatment - reflecting participant feedback about what they needed to know.   ICA methods themselves elicit input: Community planning is participatory and determines strategies of the project for the coming year.

The intent of Phase I was to learn about mounting a major HIV/AIDS project and to build capacity in ICA staffs, prepare a core of village caretakers or peer educators, and build relationships with local leadership and health resources.  All the evidence is not yet in, but we have demonstrated already that much has been successful but that the need is great. Each of the eight ICA offices was able to organize and launch a project with very limited outside financial and staff support.  Seven of the eight projects are actively implementing the project.  Each ICA has a core of HIV/AIDS trained staff but more are needed.  Many are already expanding their avenues of work and developing a donor base for needed funds.
•	ICA has finished a contract with the AIDS Commission to train other NGOs.
•	ICA has obtained HIV/AIDS funding from.
•	ICA has obtained funding to expand work to focus on orphans, youth and credit.
•	ICA has expanded work to the surrounding 50 villages 
•	ICA has been asked to host a VCT Center and have hired a nurse to staff it.
•	ICA has obtained financial support from the National AIDS Control Council to train other NGO’s, and is integrating HIV/AIDS into all their programmes.
•	ICA has integrated peer educator training into 50 CBO’s across.
•	ICA has submitted a proposal to a major donor to focus on orphans, patients and affected families. 

ICA’s strategy was to test a community-based approach that focused on training community peer educators, formulate a plan, and begin carrying out concrete actions, to break the silence, and to systematically engage the community in working together.  The evaluation in July 2003 of the project conducted:
•	A core group of peer educators (stake leaders) remains interested in HIV prevention and other community improvements
•	The community seems supportive of the group and says that the stake leaders have contributed to a sense of “community” and pride in their area.
•	People seem to talk more easily and openly about HIV.
•	Peer educators seem comfortable and confident in their ability to talk about HIV/AIDS.  At the training, one man had suggested that the way to deal with someone with HIV was to kill him.  At evaluation he was one of the most engaged and sensitive participants. 
•	The group wants continued training, has cut back on house-to-house education, and sees their community plan to be the primary focus of their activities.
•	A wide variety of activities were initiated such as a HIV/AIDS youth club, poster campaigns, presentations at schools, churches, and funerals.
•	The queen mother and other village leadership became an active advocate, holding meetings with youth and arranging for scholarships for 45 girls.   
•	The group sees lack of funds as a major barrier and wants assistance with raising and managing funds.
•	The group wants more regular staff support.
•	Monitoring and record keeping of activities need improvement.

Part of this strategy was to build partnerships with the government, other NGOs, and the donor community.  It is obvious from the list above, that countries are actively pursuing government and donor collaborations.  One important learning is that the ‘who’ the projects can most helpfully partner with will vary greatly. local leadership proved to be powerful allies.  It was the local health clinic, as well as cooperative work in home care.  

It is difficult – and we did not have the resources in Phase I – to effectively measure changes in knowledge, attitudes, and behavior.  The attributable effect on the HIV rate may never be measurable, but has demonstrated and stands as an example that talking about HIV/AIDS and how to prevent it is a major step in reversing the epidemic.  We believe that energy focused on giving local people the tools and training to talk with their neighbors and a vehicle to plan for systematic community action to manage the challenge will have a positive effect.  The Parish plan had four strategies to address needs:  Make condoms and testing convenient and available; change attitudes and behavior; organize assistance for HIV/AIDS patients; and organize income generating groups and savings and credit cooperatives.  If they can do these things, they will be down the road in managing HIV/AIDS.       
 
4) Project Summary and Implementing Plan

In July of 2002, ICA piloted a project for the ICA HIV/AIDS village mobilization campaign in the small village.  During three weeks, twenty-three village peer educators were trained in HIV/AIDS prevention, a community plan to protect the next generation was designed by the village, and a regional HIV/AIDS resource guide was developed. A training manual was tested and a Village Education Guide was written based on village feedback during training. the Minister of Health, and the Director of the AIDS Commission met with ICA staff, providing television and newspaper support for the community-based effort, as well as stressing the importance of combating HIV while it still enjoyed a low infection rate of 4%.

In 2003 projects were launched in, , , , ,.  There is an ICA staff master trainer in each country prepared to lead village HIV/AIDS training and mobilization projects, and another 20 staff who have been trained in HIV/AIDS prevention.  We have trained 204 village peer educators and village appropriate education materials have been translated into six local languages. Twenty volunteer health professionals from around the world joined the launch teams to initiate training and community planning.  Public launching ceremonies created occasions for staff, villagers, and local and other officials and NGO’s in the area to recognize the importance of the effort being initiated.  

Each country had a two to three week “launch,” to be followed by an initial one year implementation period.  A community plan is in place in seven of eight countries and ICA staff is providing staff support to village educators as they educate their peers and assist in carrying out the village’s plan to address the HIV/AIDS challenge.  Those projects, launched in 2003, will not complete their initial phase until 2004.  Most of these environments were quite different than the launch site, because of much higher HIV rates and experience with the disease.  Evaluation will take place in the Fall.  
What we are proposing is to expand to four surrounding villages using the momentum and learnings form the 2002-2003 launches to rapidly scale up the expansion of villages in each of the eight countries. The support and networking with surrounding government agencies, NGOs and international organization will allow for this rapid growth. Most important, the African ICA staff and villages have gained valuable experience after this initiating period. This expansion project will increase the effectiveness and impact of villager large-scale caretaker work. The expanded project will give sufficient critical mass to show that this approach has possibilities to managing the HIV/AIDS challenge village by village. The expansion project will start in January 2005.  (A one-year, quarterly work plan follows on page 10 and personnel on 9.) 
  
5) Results/Outcomes

We expect to have 32 communities who have a thorough knowledge of HIV/AIDS as well as a plan of action they are implementing to prepare a long-term vision of a HIV/AIDS free community. From this work we will have a cluster of communities that will be a demonstration to the region of taking up the task of AIDS. We are convinced that communities will be educated about HIV/AIDS when their fellow villagers are willing to open the space for dialogue/action and spearhead initiative to use condoms and be tested. We will document progress in accomplishing each villages plan, record family visits, and community project/campaigns initiated through monthly support staff visits. It has been shown that people who are willing to be tested are 40% more likely to practice safe sex. Therefore we anticipate that through HIV/AIDS education plus campaigns, we will produce a 25% increase in HIV/AIDS knowledge and a 10% increase in ABC (Abstinence, Be Faithful and Use Condoms).

6) Evaluation and Dissemination Plan

During the initiation of the project we will survey 10 people from each of five sections of the village with an HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitudes and behavior questionnaire.  (See the appendix for questionnaire). At the end of the year we will re-do the questionnaire with the 50 people to measure for changes in knowledge, attitudes and behavior.  We will also do group discussions with the caretakers, village leaders and other groups to both review the year and plan the next year.  PACT USA has agreed to publish our HIV/AIDS community education manual which is being updated and modified, to make it available to other organizations and communities globally. ICAI has an international conference in Guatemala in August 2004,which will have an HIV/AIDS track. That will be an opportunity to share what we have learned with organizations from many countries and to learn from their successes.  

7) Collaboration with Other Organizations

In our Phase I launch projects we have developed relationships with the governments, and health resources, as well as civil society organizations (churches, service organizations, etc.). These relations will continue and be deepened..



ICA Budget

Project Revenue	Source	Total Project	 % of Project 





TOTAL REVENUE	 (proposed) 
) 	100,000
   20,000
   10,000
     3,333

$133,333
	75%
15%
  7.5%
2.25%


Project Expenses











TOTAL EXPENSES/ GRANT AMOUNT	Personnel
  1/3 ICA Coordinator
  8 ICA Staff @ 600 per  month for 12 months 

Non-Personnel costs (in country)
  Materials and supplies
  Local travel
  Training Week Room and Board
  HIV/AIDS Training Manual
  Communications

Non-personnel costs (USA)

	67,000
    10,000
    57,600


52,400
     20,600
      4,800
     16,000
      4,000
      7,000

13,333
     

133,000	50,700  75%




39,300  75%






10,000  75%


100,000  75%


2005 Work Plan
ICA USA                                                                                                                                                                           April 2004
Quarters	Quarter I	Quarter II	Quarter  III	Quarter I V








Tasks	•	Community Leaders  Meeting      

•	Choosing Caretakers

•	Four One-Week Village HIV/AIDS Training Programs

•	Four Community HIV/AIDS Planning Sessions.

•	Meeting of Caretakers from all Four Villages to Share Work and Learnings	•	Monthly Village HIV/AIDS Family Education Visits

•	Village Plans Implemented and Reported

•	Monthly Village Caretakers Meeting and Planning

•	Quarterly Meeting of Four Village’s Caretakers	•	Voluntary Counseling and Testing Campaign

•	Condom Campaign

•	Youth  and Gender Meetings

•	Monthly Village Caretakers’ Meeting

•	Quarterly Meeting of Four Village Caretakers	•	Four Village’s Caretakers’ Meeting to Review Year and Plan next Year

•	Evaluation of knowledge, attitude and behavior changes

•	Monthly Village Caretakers’ Meetings and Planning

•	Quarterly Meeting of Four Village Caretakers


Indicators
	•	80 Trained HIV/AIDS Caretakers
•	Four Community HIV/Plans	•	350 Family Lessons Given Each Month
•	12 village Projects Started	•	50 Villagers VCT

•	500 Condoms Handed Out/ 350 Demonstrations	•	25% Increase in HIV Knowledge
•	10% Increase in ABC (abstain, be faithful, condoms)

Eight Nations
Totals	•	640 Trained Caretakers
•	16 HIV Plans	•	2800 lessons
•	96 Village Projects	•	400 VCTS
•	4000 Condoms /2800 Demonstrations	
           See Above

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